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1. What is the primary focus of the OPT Model’s Stabilization
Endurance phase?
A. Increase maximal strength
B. Improve power output
C. Enhance prime mover hypertrophy
D. Improve neuromuscular efficiency and joint stability
Rationale: The Stabilization Endurance phase emphasizes
postural control, neuromuscular coordination, and joint
stability.
2. Which muscle is part of the local stabilization system?
A. Latissimus dorsi
B. Biceps femoris
C. Transverse abdominis
D. Gastrocnemius
Rationale: Local stabilizers like the transverse abdominis
support the spine and maintain posture.
3. The anaerobic glycolysis system primarily provides energy for
activities lasting:
A. Less than 10 seconds
, B. 30–50 seconds
C. 5–10 minutes
D. Over 30 minutes
Rationale: Anaerobic glycolysis fuels moderate-duration, high-
intensity activity.
4. The correct movement compensation for knees caving inward
during the overhead squat is likely caused by:
A. Overactive gluteus maximus
B. Overactive adductor complex
C. Underactive tensor fascia latae
D. Underactive gastrocnemius
Rationale: Knee valgus is commonly linked to adductor and
TFL overactivity.
5. Which plane of motion includes rotational movement?
A. Sagittal
B. Frontal
C. Transverse
D. Coronal
Rationale: Rotation occurs around the transverse plane.
6. What is the recommended repetition range for muscular
endurance training?
A. 1–5 reps
B. 6–12 reps
C. 12–20 reps
D. 20–30 reps
Rationale: NASM defines endurance as high reps (12–20).
7. A rest interval of 3–5 minutes is most appropriate for
improving:
A. Muscular endurance
, B. Hypertrophy
C. Maximal strength
D. Stabilization
Rationale: Max strength requires long ATP-PC recovery.
8. Which term describes the ability to sense body position and
movement?
A. Plyometrics
B. Proprioception
C. Neuromuscular efficiency
D. Stabilization
Rationale: Proprioception is the awareness of joint and body
position.
9. Which assessment tests cardiorespiratory fitness?
A. Shark Skill Test
B. YMCA Step Test
C. Davies Test
D. Push-up Test
Rationale: YMCA Step Test evaluates aerobic capacity.
10. During the pushing assessment, low-back arching
indicates overactivity of:
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Erector spinae
C. Rectus abdominis
D. Internal oblique
Rationale: Lumbar extension often results from erector spinae
dominance.
11. The immediate source of energy for muscular contraction
is: