MSN 570 Advance Patho Exam With
Detailed Questions And Correct
Verified Answers||Latest Exam 2025-
2026||Already Graded A+
MI -ANS Death of myocardium from sudden blockage of coronary artery blood flow
What causes cell death in MI? -ANS unstable plaque breaks off, triggering platelet
aggregation, coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. continued no blood flow in
10 seconds ischemia, 20 minutes cell die
What consequence of cell death leads to CP? -ANS hypoxia as cannot meet cell
demand for oxygen
How is MI diagnosed -ANS EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
What might you find in blood consistent with MI? -ANS elevated CK MB, Troponin
Where does CK MB and Troponin come from? -ANS Release of lysosomal enzymes;
CK MB detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released from damaged heart
muscle
3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury -ANS ischemia, necrosis,
reperfussion l/t RAS
define reperfussion injury -ANS injury that occurs after oxygen is reintroduced to tissue
perfusion
how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? -ANS as oxygen is
reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory
response
how does oxidative process contribute to RI? -ANS RAS causes impairment of cell
membrane and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable
what is primary Hypertension? -ANS Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an
identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension?
what is secondary hypertension? -ANS Elevated BP, labile BP; related to conditions ie
kidney dz; resistant to BP meds
, what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN? -ANS persistent hypertension
leads to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO
what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause? -ANS stroke, ischemia, heart failure,
aneurysm, hemorrhage
what is preload? -ANS volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
what is afterload? -ANS peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump
hoe does HTN l/t CHF? -ANS overwork left ventricle due to increase pressure;
decreased pumping ability of heart and decreases CO.
identify pathological process of gangrene? -ANS form of coagulative necrosis;
interruption of blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and bacterial invasion
three types of gangrene -ANS dry, wet & gas
what is the major treatment approach for gangrene? -ANS removing affective tissue to
prevent infection; treating problem that led to gangrene
why use antibiotic for gangrene? -ANS to slow bacterial damage
What are the two major necrotic processes? -ANS Coagulative and liquifactive
What is coagulative necrosis? -ANS necrosis caused y interruption of blood flow l/t
desrease Ph, and bacterial growth
what is liquifactive necrosis? -ANS Caustic enzymes dissolve and liquify necrotic cell;
cottage cheese like appearance.
Describe dry gangrene -ANS hypoxia l/t ischemia l/t last of blood flow l/t coagulative
necrosis
Describe wet gangrene -ANS extensive damage from bacteria with WBC's that have
invaided site produces a liquid wound
describe gas gangrene -ANS Presence of clostridium (aerobic bacteria) releases toxins
and destroy surrounding cell. Most fatal.
Colon cancer inherited vs genetic -ANS Colon CA inherited- occurs on gremline
Colon CA genetic occurs on somatic cells
Describe FAP - familial adenomatous polyposis -ANS Gene defect on chromosome 1 or
5; involves tumor suppressor genes, hereditary condition
Detailed Questions And Correct
Verified Answers||Latest Exam 2025-
2026||Already Graded A+
MI -ANS Death of myocardium from sudden blockage of coronary artery blood flow
What causes cell death in MI? -ANS unstable plaque breaks off, triggering platelet
aggregation, coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. continued no blood flow in
10 seconds ischemia, 20 minutes cell die
What consequence of cell death leads to CP? -ANS hypoxia as cannot meet cell
demand for oxygen
How is MI diagnosed -ANS EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
What might you find in blood consistent with MI? -ANS elevated CK MB, Troponin
Where does CK MB and Troponin come from? -ANS Release of lysosomal enzymes;
CK MB detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released from damaged heart
muscle
3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury -ANS ischemia, necrosis,
reperfussion l/t RAS
define reperfussion injury -ANS injury that occurs after oxygen is reintroduced to tissue
perfusion
how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? -ANS as oxygen is
reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory
response
how does oxidative process contribute to RI? -ANS RAS causes impairment of cell
membrane and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable
what is primary Hypertension? -ANS Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an
identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension?
what is secondary hypertension? -ANS Elevated BP, labile BP; related to conditions ie
kidney dz; resistant to BP meds
, what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN? -ANS persistent hypertension
leads to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO
what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause? -ANS stroke, ischemia, heart failure,
aneurysm, hemorrhage
what is preload? -ANS volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
what is afterload? -ANS peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump
hoe does HTN l/t CHF? -ANS overwork left ventricle due to increase pressure;
decreased pumping ability of heart and decreases CO.
identify pathological process of gangrene? -ANS form of coagulative necrosis;
interruption of blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and bacterial invasion
three types of gangrene -ANS dry, wet & gas
what is the major treatment approach for gangrene? -ANS removing affective tissue to
prevent infection; treating problem that led to gangrene
why use antibiotic for gangrene? -ANS to slow bacterial damage
What are the two major necrotic processes? -ANS Coagulative and liquifactive
What is coagulative necrosis? -ANS necrosis caused y interruption of blood flow l/t
desrease Ph, and bacterial growth
what is liquifactive necrosis? -ANS Caustic enzymes dissolve and liquify necrotic cell;
cottage cheese like appearance.
Describe dry gangrene -ANS hypoxia l/t ischemia l/t last of blood flow l/t coagulative
necrosis
Describe wet gangrene -ANS extensive damage from bacteria with WBC's that have
invaided site produces a liquid wound
describe gas gangrene -ANS Presence of clostridium (aerobic bacteria) releases toxins
and destroy surrounding cell. Most fatal.
Colon cancer inherited vs genetic -ANS Colon CA inherited- occurs on gremline
Colon CA genetic occurs on somatic cells
Describe FAP - familial adenomatous polyposis -ANS Gene defect on chromosome 1 or
5; involves tumor suppressor genes, hereditary condition
