NBME CBSE Exam With Actual
Questions & Verified Answers ,Plus
Explained Rationales/Expert Verified
For Guaranteed Pass 2026/Latest
Update/Instant Download Pdf
1. A 45-year-old man presents with fatigue and pallor. Labs show
Hb 8 g/dL, MCV 70 fL. Which is the most likely cause?
A) Vitamin B12 deficiency
B) Iron deficiency
C) Acute blood loss
D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: B) Iron deficiency
Rationale: Microcytic anemia (low MCV) in an adult is most
commonly caused by iron deficiency, often due to chronic blood loss
or inadequate dietary intake.
2. A patient with sudden-onset chest pain radiating to the left arm
has ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF. Which artery is
most likely occluded?
A) Left anterior descending
B) Right coronary artery
C) Left circumflex
D) Posterior descending
,Answer: B) Right coronary artery
Rationale: ST-elevation in II, III, aVF indicates an inferior MI, typically
due to right coronary artery occlusion.
3. A 3-year-old child presents with barking cough and stridor.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Epiglottitis
B) Croup
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Asthma
Answer: B) Croup
Rationale: Barking cough with stridor is characteristic of viral croup
(laryngotracheobronchitis) in children.
4. A patient presents with weight loss, diarrhea, and
hyperpigmentation. Lab shows low cortisol. Which test confirms
the diagnosis?
A) ACTH stimulation test
B) Dexamethasone suppression test
C) TSH level
D) Serum aldosterone
Answer: A) ACTH stimulation test
Rationale: Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) is
confirmed by inadequate cortisol response to ACTH.
5. Which organism is most likely to cause pneumonia in an
alcoholic patient?
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae
B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
C) Haemophilus influenzae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
,Answer: B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
Rationale: Klebsiella pneumoniae is associated with alcoholics and
classically presents with “currant jelly” sputum.
6. A patient presents with fever, headache, and a stiff neck. CSF
shows high neutrophils, low glucose, and high protein. Likely
diagnosis?
A) Viral meningitis
B) Bacterial meningitis
C) Fungal meningitis
D) Tuberculous meningitis
Answer: B) Bacterial meningitis
Rationale: Neutrophilic pleocytosis, low glucose, and elevated protein
indicate bacterial meningitis.
7. A 30-year-old woman with fatigue and pallor has macrocytic
anemia. Labs show low B12. What is the mechanism?
A) Iron deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
C) Pernicious anemia
D) Hemolysis
Answer: C) Pernicious anemia
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency due to autoimmune destruction of
parietal cells or intrinsic factor leads to macrocytic anemia.
8. Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial sensation?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
D) CN X
, Answer: A) CN V
Rationale: Trigeminal nerve (CN V) provides sensory innervation to
the face.
9. A patient presents with sudden painless loss of vision in one
eye. Fundoscopy shows a cherry-red spot. Diagnosis?
A) Retinal detachment
B) Central retinal artery occlusion
C) Glaucoma
D) Macular degeneration
Answer: B) Central retinal artery occlusion
Rationale: Cherry-red spot at the fovea with sudden painless vision
loss is classic for CRAO.
10. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by
IgE?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Answer: A) Type I
Rationale: IgE-mediated reactions, such as anaphylaxis or allergies,
are Type I hypersensitivity.
11. A patient with chronic alcohol use has confusion,
ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. Which vitamin is deficient?
A) B1 (thiamine)
B) B12
C) Folate
D) C
Questions & Verified Answers ,Plus
Explained Rationales/Expert Verified
For Guaranteed Pass 2026/Latest
Update/Instant Download Pdf
1. A 45-year-old man presents with fatigue and pallor. Labs show
Hb 8 g/dL, MCV 70 fL. Which is the most likely cause?
A) Vitamin B12 deficiency
B) Iron deficiency
C) Acute blood loss
D) Aplastic anemia
Answer: B) Iron deficiency
Rationale: Microcytic anemia (low MCV) in an adult is most
commonly caused by iron deficiency, often due to chronic blood loss
or inadequate dietary intake.
2. A patient with sudden-onset chest pain radiating to the left arm
has ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF. Which artery is
most likely occluded?
A) Left anterior descending
B) Right coronary artery
C) Left circumflex
D) Posterior descending
,Answer: B) Right coronary artery
Rationale: ST-elevation in II, III, aVF indicates an inferior MI, typically
due to right coronary artery occlusion.
3. A 3-year-old child presents with barking cough and stridor.
Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Epiglottitis
B) Croup
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Asthma
Answer: B) Croup
Rationale: Barking cough with stridor is characteristic of viral croup
(laryngotracheobronchitis) in children.
4. A patient presents with weight loss, diarrhea, and
hyperpigmentation. Lab shows low cortisol. Which test confirms
the diagnosis?
A) ACTH stimulation test
B) Dexamethasone suppression test
C) TSH level
D) Serum aldosterone
Answer: A) ACTH stimulation test
Rationale: Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) is
confirmed by inadequate cortisol response to ACTH.
5. Which organism is most likely to cause pneumonia in an
alcoholic patient?
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae
B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
C) Haemophilus influenzae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
,Answer: B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
Rationale: Klebsiella pneumoniae is associated with alcoholics and
classically presents with “currant jelly” sputum.
6. A patient presents with fever, headache, and a stiff neck. CSF
shows high neutrophils, low glucose, and high protein. Likely
diagnosis?
A) Viral meningitis
B) Bacterial meningitis
C) Fungal meningitis
D) Tuberculous meningitis
Answer: B) Bacterial meningitis
Rationale: Neutrophilic pleocytosis, low glucose, and elevated protein
indicate bacterial meningitis.
7. A 30-year-old woman with fatigue and pallor has macrocytic
anemia. Labs show low B12. What is the mechanism?
A) Iron deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
C) Pernicious anemia
D) Hemolysis
Answer: C) Pernicious anemia
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency due to autoimmune destruction of
parietal cells or intrinsic factor leads to macrocytic anemia.
8. Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial sensation?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
D) CN X
, Answer: A) CN V
Rationale: Trigeminal nerve (CN V) provides sensory innervation to
the face.
9. A patient presents with sudden painless loss of vision in one
eye. Fundoscopy shows a cherry-red spot. Diagnosis?
A) Retinal detachment
B) Central retinal artery occlusion
C) Glaucoma
D) Macular degeneration
Answer: B) Central retinal artery occlusion
Rationale: Cherry-red spot at the fovea with sudden painless vision
loss is classic for CRAO.
10. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by
IgE?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Answer: A) Type I
Rationale: IgE-mediated reactions, such as anaphylaxis or allergies,
are Type I hypersensitivity.
11. A patient with chronic alcohol use has confusion,
ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. Which vitamin is deficient?
A) B1 (thiamine)
B) B12
C) Folate
D) C
