TEST BANK FOR
MCCANCE & HUETHER’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR
DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN 9TH EDITION BY JULIA ROGERS
CHAPTER 1-49
Chapter c01: cCellular cBiology
Rogers: cMcCance c& cHuether’s cPathophysiology, c9th cEdition
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. Which cstatement cbest cdescribes cthe ccellular cfunction cof cmetabolic cabsorption?
a. Cells ccan cproduce cproteins.
b. Cells ccan csecrete cdigestive
cenzymes.
c. Cells ccan ctake cin cand cuse
cnutrients.
d. Cells ccan csynthesize cfats.
ANS: c C
, In cmetabolic cabsorption, call ccells ctake cin cand cuse cnutrients cand cother csubstances cfrom
ctheir csurroundings. cThe cremaining coptions care cnot cinclusive cin ctheir cdescriptions cof
ccellular cmetabolic cabsorption.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
2. Where cis cmost cof ca ccell’s cgenetic cinformation, cincluding cRNA cand cDNA, ccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: c C
The cnucleus ccontains cthe cnucleolus, ca csmall cdense cstructure ccomposed clargely cof cRNA,
cmost cof cthe ccellular cDNA, cand cthe cDNA-binding cproteins, csuch cas cthe chistones, cwhich
cregulate cits cactivity. cThe cmitochondria care cresponsible cfor ccellular crespiration cand
cenergy cproduction.
Ribosomes’ cchief cfunction cis cto cprovide csites cfor ccellular cprotein csynthesis. cLysosomes
cfunction cas cthe cintracellular cdigestive csystem.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
3. Which ccomponent cof cthe ccell cproduces chydrogen cperoxide c(H2O2) cby cusing coxygen cto
cremove chydrogen catoms cfrom cspecific csubstrates cin can coxidative creaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: c B
, Peroxisomes care cso cnamed cbecause cthey cusually ccontain cenzymes cthat cuse coxygen cto
cremove chydrogen catoms cfrom cspecific csubstrates cin can coxidative creaction cthat cproduces
cH2O2, cwhich cis ca cpowerful coxidant cand cpotentially cdestructive cif cit caccumulates cor
cescapes cfrom cperoxisomes. cRibosomes care cRNA-protein ccomplexes c(nucleoproteins) cthat
care csynthesized cin cthe cnucleolus cand csecreted cinto cthe ccytoplasm cthrough cpores cin cthe
cnuclear cenvelope ccalled cnuclear cpore ccomplexes. cLysosomes care csaclike cstructures cthat
coriginate cfrom cthe cGolgi ccomplex cand ccontain cmore cthan c40 cdigestive cenzymes ccalled
chydrolases, cwhich ccatalyze cbonds cin cproteins, clipids, cnucleic cacids, cand ccarbohydrates.
cAn cendosome cis ca cvesical cthat chas cbeen cpinched coff cfrom cthe ccellular cmembrane.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
4. Which ccell ccomponent cis ccapable cof ccellular cautodigestion cwhen cit cis creleased
cduring ccell cinjury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi ccomplex
c. Smooth cendoplasmic
creticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: c D
The clysosomal cmembrane cacts cas ca cprotective cshield cbetween cthe cpowerful cdigestive
cenzymes cwithin cthe clysosome cand cthe ccytoplasm, cpreventing ctheir cleakage cinto cthe
ccytoplasmic cmatrix. cDisruption cof cthe cmembrane cby cvarious ctreatments cor ccellular
cinjury cleads cto ca crelease cof cthe clysosomal cenzymes, cwhich ccan cthen creact cwith ctheir
cspecific csubstrates, ccausing ccellular cself- cdigestion. cThe cchief cfunction cof ca cribosome
cis cto cprovide csites cfor ccellular cprotein csynthesis. cThe cGolgi ccomplex cis ca cnetwork cof
cflattened, csmooth cvesicles cand cmembranes coften clocated cnear cthe ccell cnucleus. cThe
csmooth cendoplasmic creticulum cis cinvolved cin csteroid chormone cproduction cand
cremoving ctoxic csubstances cfrom cthe ccell.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
5. Which ccAMP-mediated cresponse cis crelated cto cantidiuretic chormone?
a. Increased cheart crate cand cforce cof
ccontraction
b. Secretion cof ccortisol
c. Increased cretention cof cwater
d. Breakdown cof cfat
ANS: c C
Antidiuretic chormone cleads cto cincreased cretention cof cwater cin cthe cbody. cEpinephrine ccauses
cincreases cin cheart crate cand cforce cof ccontraction. cIncreased ccortisol csecretion cis cdue cto
cACTH. cBreakdown cof cfat cis cdue cto cglucagon.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
6. During cwhich cphase cof cthe ccell ccycle cis cDNA csynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: c B
, The cfour cdesignated cphases cof cthe ccell ccycle care: c(1) cthe cG1 cphase c(G c= cgap), cwhich
cis cthe cperiod cbetween cthe cM cphase c(M c= cmitosis) cand cthe cstart cof cDNA csynthesis; c(2)
cthe cS cphase c(S
= csynthesis), cduring cwhich cDNA cis csynthesized cin cthe ccell cnucleus; c(3) cthe cG2 cphase,
cduring cwhich cRNA cand cprotein csynthesis coccurs, cthe cperiod cbetween cthe ccompletion
cof cDNA csynthesis cand cthe cnext cphase c(M); cand c(4) cthe cM cphase, cwhich cincludes
cnuclear cand ccytoplasmic cdivision.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
7. What corganic ccompound cfacilitates ctransportation cacross ccell cmembranes cby
cacting cas creceptors, ctransport cchannels cfor celectrolytes, cand cenzymes cto cdrive
cactive cpumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: c C
Proteins chave cseveral cfunctions, cincluding cacting cas creceptors, ctransport cchannels cfor
celectrolytes, cand cenzymes cto cdrive cactive cpumps cLipids chelp cact cas cthe c―glue‖ cholding
ccell cmembranes ctogether. cProteases ccause cthe cbreakdown cof cprotein. cCarbohydrates care
cinvolved cin ccellular cprotection cand clubrication cand chelp cproduce cenergy cvia coxidative
cphosphorylation.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
8. Understanding cthe cvarious csteps cof cproteolytic ccascades cmay cbe cuseful cin cdesigning
cdrug ctherapy cfor cwhich chuman cdiseases?
a. Cardiac cand cvascular cdisorders
b. Autoimmune cand cmalignant cdisorders
c. Gastrointestinal cand crenal cdisorders
d. Endocrine cand cgastrointestinal
cdisorders
ANS: c B
Understanding cthe cvarious csteps cinvolved cin cthis cprocess cis ccrucial cfor cdesigning cdrug
cinterventions. cDysregulation cof cproteases cfeatures cprominently cin cmany chuman cdiseases,
cincluding ccancer, cautoimmunity, cand cneurodegenerative cdisorders. cCardiac, cvascular,
cgastrointestinal, crenal, cand cendocrine cdisorders cdo cnot cinvolve cthis cprocess.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
9. Which cstructure cprevents cwater-soluble cmolecules cfrom centering ccells cacross cthe
cplasma cmembrane?
a. Carbohydrate cchains
b. Glycoprotein cchannels
c. Membrane cchannel
cproteins
d. Lipid cbilayer
ANS: c D
MCCANCE & HUETHER’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR
DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN 9TH EDITION BY JULIA ROGERS
CHAPTER 1-49
Chapter c01: cCellular cBiology
Rogers: cMcCance c& cHuether’s cPathophysiology, c9th cEdition
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. Which cstatement cbest cdescribes cthe ccellular cfunction cof cmetabolic cabsorption?
a. Cells ccan cproduce cproteins.
b. Cells ccan csecrete cdigestive
cenzymes.
c. Cells ccan ctake cin cand cuse
cnutrients.
d. Cells ccan csynthesize cfats.
ANS: c C
, In cmetabolic cabsorption, call ccells ctake cin cand cuse cnutrients cand cother csubstances cfrom
ctheir csurroundings. cThe cremaining coptions care cnot cinclusive cin ctheir cdescriptions cof
ccellular cmetabolic cabsorption.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
2. Where cis cmost cof ca ccell’s cgenetic cinformation, cincluding cRNA cand cDNA, ccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: c C
The cnucleus ccontains cthe cnucleolus, ca csmall cdense cstructure ccomposed clargely cof cRNA,
cmost cof cthe ccellular cDNA, cand cthe cDNA-binding cproteins, csuch cas cthe chistones, cwhich
cregulate cits cactivity. cThe cmitochondria care cresponsible cfor ccellular crespiration cand
cenergy cproduction.
Ribosomes’ cchief cfunction cis cto cprovide csites cfor ccellular cprotein csynthesis. cLysosomes
cfunction cas cthe cintracellular cdigestive csystem.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
3. Which ccomponent cof cthe ccell cproduces chydrogen cperoxide c(H2O2) cby cusing coxygen cto
cremove chydrogen catoms cfrom cspecific csubstrates cin can coxidative creaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: c B
, Peroxisomes care cso cnamed cbecause cthey cusually ccontain cenzymes cthat cuse coxygen cto
cremove chydrogen catoms cfrom cspecific csubstrates cin can coxidative creaction cthat cproduces
cH2O2, cwhich cis ca cpowerful coxidant cand cpotentially cdestructive cif cit caccumulates cor
cescapes cfrom cperoxisomes. cRibosomes care cRNA-protein ccomplexes c(nucleoproteins) cthat
care csynthesized cin cthe cnucleolus cand csecreted cinto cthe ccytoplasm cthrough cpores cin cthe
cnuclear cenvelope ccalled cnuclear cpore ccomplexes. cLysosomes care csaclike cstructures cthat
coriginate cfrom cthe cGolgi ccomplex cand ccontain cmore cthan c40 cdigestive cenzymes ccalled
chydrolases, cwhich ccatalyze cbonds cin cproteins, clipids, cnucleic cacids, cand ccarbohydrates.
cAn cendosome cis ca cvesical cthat chas cbeen cpinched coff cfrom cthe ccellular cmembrane.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
4. Which ccell ccomponent cis ccapable cof ccellular cautodigestion cwhen cit cis creleased
cduring ccell cinjury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi ccomplex
c. Smooth cendoplasmic
creticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: c D
The clysosomal cmembrane cacts cas ca cprotective cshield cbetween cthe cpowerful cdigestive
cenzymes cwithin cthe clysosome cand cthe ccytoplasm, cpreventing ctheir cleakage cinto cthe
ccytoplasmic cmatrix. cDisruption cof cthe cmembrane cby cvarious ctreatments cor ccellular
cinjury cleads cto ca crelease cof cthe clysosomal cenzymes, cwhich ccan cthen creact cwith ctheir
cspecific csubstrates, ccausing ccellular cself- cdigestion. cThe cchief cfunction cof ca cribosome
cis cto cprovide csites cfor ccellular cprotein csynthesis. cThe cGolgi ccomplex cis ca cnetwork cof
cflattened, csmooth cvesicles cand cmembranes coften clocated cnear cthe ccell cnucleus. cThe
csmooth cendoplasmic creticulum cis cinvolved cin csteroid chormone cproduction cand
cremoving ctoxic csubstances cfrom cthe ccell.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
5. Which ccAMP-mediated cresponse cis crelated cto cantidiuretic chormone?
a. Increased cheart crate cand cforce cof
ccontraction
b. Secretion cof ccortisol
c. Increased cretention cof cwater
d. Breakdown cof cfat
ANS: c C
Antidiuretic chormone cleads cto cincreased cretention cof cwater cin cthe cbody. cEpinephrine ccauses
cincreases cin cheart crate cand cforce cof ccontraction. cIncreased ccortisol csecretion cis cdue cto
cACTH. cBreakdown cof cfat cis cdue cto cglucagon.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
6. During cwhich cphase cof cthe ccell ccycle cis cDNA csynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: c B
, The cfour cdesignated cphases cof cthe ccell ccycle care: c(1) cthe cG1 cphase c(G c= cgap), cwhich
cis cthe cperiod cbetween cthe cM cphase c(M c= cmitosis) cand cthe cstart cof cDNA csynthesis; c(2)
cthe cS cphase c(S
= csynthesis), cduring cwhich cDNA cis csynthesized cin cthe ccell cnucleus; c(3) cthe cG2 cphase,
cduring cwhich cRNA cand cprotein csynthesis coccurs, cthe cperiod cbetween cthe ccompletion
cof cDNA csynthesis cand cthe cnext cphase c(M); cand c(4) cthe cM cphase, cwhich cincludes
cnuclear cand ccytoplasmic cdivision.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
7. What corganic ccompound cfacilitates ctransportation cacross ccell cmembranes cby
cacting cas creceptors, ctransport cchannels cfor celectrolytes, cand cenzymes cto cdrive
cactive cpumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: c C
Proteins chave cseveral cfunctions, cincluding cacting cas creceptors, ctransport cchannels cfor
celectrolytes, cand cenzymes cto cdrive cactive cpumps cLipids chelp cact cas cthe c―glue‖ cholding
ccell cmembranes ctogether. cProteases ccause cthe cbreakdown cof cprotein. cCarbohydrates care
cinvolved cin ccellular cprotection cand clubrication cand chelp cproduce cenergy cvia coxidative
cphosphorylation.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
8. Understanding cthe cvarious csteps cof cproteolytic ccascades cmay cbe cuseful cin cdesigning
cdrug ctherapy cfor cwhich chuman cdiseases?
a. Cardiac cand cvascular cdisorders
b. Autoimmune cand cmalignant cdisorders
c. Gastrointestinal cand crenal cdisorders
d. Endocrine cand cgastrointestinal
cdisorders
ANS: c B
Understanding cthe cvarious csteps cinvolved cin cthis cprocess cis ccrucial cfor cdesigning cdrug
cinterventions. cDysregulation cof cproteases cfeatures cprominently cin cmany chuman cdiseases,
cincluding ccancer, cautoimmunity, cand cneurodegenerative cdisorders. cCardiac, cvascular,
cgastrointestinal, crenal, cand cendocrine cdisorders cdo cnot cinvolve cthis cprocess.
DIF: Cognitive cLevel: cRemembering
9. Which cstructure cprevents cwater-soluble cmolecules cfrom centering ccells cacross cthe
cplasma cmembrane?
a. Carbohydrate cchains
b. Glycoprotein cchannels
c. Membrane cchannel
cproteins
d. Lipid cbilayer
ANS: c D
