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f NSG530 / NSG 530 Exam 2
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,1. A patient was diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which of the following
blood tests is most clinically useful for determining the stage and severity of her
disease?
- A) Viral load
- B) CD4+ cell counts
- C) Complete blood count
- D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B) CD4+ cell counts
Explanation: CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating the immune system status in
HIV-infected patients. They help determine the severity of immunosuppression, guiding
clinical decisions regarding antiretroviral therapy initiation and prognosis.
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by
the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
- A) Autoimmune
- B) Alloimmune
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B) Alloimmune
Explanation: Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-self antigens
from the same species, such as the maternal immune response to paternal antigens
expressed by the fetus during pregnancy.
3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and
develops pains, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Localized allergic reaction
, - C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Dermatitis
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction characterized by
symptoms such as swelling, respiratory distress, and shock due to systemic release of
mediators like histamine.
4. When a patient presents at the ED for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the
most severe consequences of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Rhinitis
- C) Asthma
- D) Urticaria
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, which is a life-
threatening condition that requires immediate intervention to prevent fatal outcomes.
5. A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
- C) Serum sickness
- D) Asthma
Answer: C) Serum sickness
Explanation: Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity
reaction that can occur after exposure to certain antigens, resulting in tissue damage
due to the deposition of immune complexes.
, 6. When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse
remembers this disease is an example of:
- A) Immunodeficiency
- B) Autoimmunity
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B) Autoimmunity
Explanation: SLE is characterized by the immune system's inappropriate response
against the body's own tissues, leading to multi-systemic involvement and chronic
inflammation, which is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases.
7. A 30-year-old female c/o fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color.
Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a
diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
- A) Infectious agents
- B) Autoantibodies
- C) Elevated blood glucose levels
- D) Hemoglobin A1c levels
Answer: B) Autoantibodies
Explanation: In SLE, autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) are
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8. A 40-year-old is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following findings would be
f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4
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f NSG530 / NSG 530 Exam 2
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,1. A patient was diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which of the following
blood tests is most clinically useful for determining the stage and severity of her
disease?
- A) Viral load
- B) CD4+ cell counts
- C) Complete blood count
- D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B) CD4+ cell counts
Explanation: CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating the immune system status in
HIV-infected patients. They help determine the severity of immunosuppression, guiding
clinical decisions regarding antiretroviral therapy initiation and prognosis.
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by
the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
- A) Autoimmune
- B) Alloimmune
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B) Alloimmune
Explanation: Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-self antigens
from the same species, such as the maternal immune response to paternal antigens
expressed by the fetus during pregnancy.
3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and
develops pains, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Localized allergic reaction
, - C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Dermatitis
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction characterized by
symptoms such as swelling, respiratory distress, and shock due to systemic release of
mediators like histamine.
4. When a patient presents at the ED for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the
most severe consequences of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Rhinitis
- C) Asthma
- D) Urticaria
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, which is a life-
threatening condition that requires immediate intervention to prevent fatal outcomes.
5. A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
- C) Serum sickness
- D) Asthma
Answer: C) Serum sickness
Explanation: Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity
reaction that can occur after exposure to certain antigens, resulting in tissue damage
due to the deposition of immune complexes.
, 6. When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse
remembers this disease is an example of:
- A) Immunodeficiency
- B) Autoimmunity
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B) Autoimmunity
Explanation: SLE is characterized by the immune system's inappropriate response
against the body's own tissues, leading to multi-systemic involvement and chronic
inflammation, which is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases.
7. A 30-year-old female c/o fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color.
Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a
diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
- A) Infectious agents
- B) Autoantibodies
- C) Elevated blood glucose levels
- D) Hemoglobin A1c levels
Answer: B) Autoantibodies
Explanation: In SLE, autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) are
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f4commonly present and contribute to tissue damage and the clinical manifestations
f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4
f4associated with the disease. f4 f4 f4
8. A 40-year-old is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following findings would be
f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4 f4
f4considered a symptom of this disease?
f4 f4 f4 f4 f4
f4 f4 f4 - A) Joint pain
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