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“MCCANCE & HUETHER'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM
2025 – 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST
VERSION) WELL REVISED AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDALE| ALREADY PASSED!!
1. Staphylococcus aureus commonly found in the skin, nares, and other body
sites of patients without any signs and symptoms of infection is known as
which of the following conditions listed below?
A) An opportunistic infection
B) A parasitic infestation
C) Bacterial colonization
D) A saprophytic infection
C
2. Which of the following statements is an accurate descriptor of the role of
viruses in human infections?
A) Viruses have no genetic material of their own.
B) Some viruses are capable of transforming normal host cells into malignant
cells.
C) Viruses are often implicated in cases of transmissible neurodegenerative
diseases.
D) Viruses require stimulation after a latent period before they are able to
produce symptoms.
B
3. Which of the following types of pneumonia listed below is best
characterized by an infective agent that produces sputum samples with a
peptidoglycan cell wall, expresses endotoxins, replicates readily in broth and
on agar, grows in clusters, has pili, and does not stain when exposed to
crystal violet?
A) Chlamydial
B) Viral
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C) Mycoplasmal
D) Bacterial
D
4. The nurse will most likely assess which of the following clinical
manifestations in a client who was diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
A) Change in behavior and memory and loss of coordination leading to
encephalopathy
B) Gastrointestinal problems like vomiting and diarrhea
C) Muscle inflammation and edema, making movements very painful
D) Projectile vomiting, hypertension, and drowsiness caused by elevated ICP
A
5. The spirochete leptospires is primarily transmitted to farmers by
A) an airborne mechanism.
B) exposure to spores in the environment.
C) direct contact with infected animals.
D) a mosquito bite.
C
6. The nurse knows which of the following statements best describes the
characteristic trait of risckettsiae related to Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Rickettsiae
A) are eukaryotic.
B) have both RNA and DNA.
C) have a distinct spiral-shaped morphology.
D) are neither gram negative nor gram positive.
B
7. An 81-year-old female patient in a subacute medical unit of a hospital has
developed an oral Candida albicans infection. Which of the following
phenomena would the patient's nurse suspect as a key contributing factor to
her infection?
A) The moist and temperature-suited oral environment of the client's mouth
B) The ability of fungi to remain latent until the host reaches an
immunocompromised state
C) Antibiotic therapy that eliminated normal bacterial flora
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D) The airborne communicability of yeast and molds and subsequent
inhalation
C
8. The nurse knows which of the following statements below is appropriate to
be included in an education session for a 21-year-old male with a diagnosis of
malaria?
A) "Your infection likely began with the introduction of fertilized protozoal ova
from a mosquito."
B) "The protozoa responsible have hijacked the genetic material of your cells
in order to reproduce."
C) "You are very tired because the pathogens are utilizing the ATP that your
own cells need."
D) "The infectious organisms are considered tiny, single-celled animals, given
their complete eukaryotic machinery."
D
9. The physician knows the client G1P0 has correctly understood the prenatal
education regarding sexually transmitted infection as evidenced by which of
the following statements listed below?
A) "Gonorrhea and chlamydia out of the various infectious agents pose the
greatest risks of transmission from mother to child."
B) "I know that my baby will need observation for HIV signs and symptoms in
the weeks following my delivery."
C) "My baby could become infected either across the placenta or during the
birth itself."
D) "If I receive prophylactic immunization, I will reduce my baby's chance of
being born with an illness."
C
10. Which of the following procedures reduces the potential for infection
primarily by addressing the portal of entry?
A) Wiping down common areas with buffered bleach on a regular basis
B) Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
C) Disposing of soiled clothing and bed linens in a dedicated receptacle
D) Isolating patients who have antibiotic-resistant infections
B
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11. A school-age child with a history of asthma has brought a note home from
school stating that there has been one case of meningitis (Neisseria
meningitides) in the school. Since the mother is a nurse, she is very
concerned since she knows the portal of entry of this pathogen is
A) by inhalation via the respiratory tract such as through breathing or
yawning.
B) by direct contact with a contaminated object such as a pencil.
C) by ingestion such as when children share their drink with their friends.
D) through a cut or abrasion that may occur on the playground.
A
12. Which of the following scenarios best describes an example of infection
originating with a fomite?
A) A client who contracted hepatitis C through sharing a contaminated syringe
with an infected person
B) A nurse with a positive tuberculin screening test (PPD) after admitting a
patient diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB)
C) A woman who contracted Lyme disease after a tick bite
D) A man who has been diagnosed with trichinosis after eating undercooked
pork
A
13. A client presents with sudden, violent diarrhea and vomiting after
consuming chicken and potato salad 8 hours ago at the beach on a hot day.
Which statement best matches the phase of the infectious process of food
poisoning.
A) Maximum impact of infectious proceterm-13ss
B) Insidious prodromal phase
C) Sudden incubation of active replication
D) Subacute prodromal phase
A
14. Which of the following infectious agents listed below would be a site-
specific pathogen and not spread throughout the body via the circulatory
system? A patient diagnosed with
A) B. burgdorferi caused by a tick bite.
B) Salmonella typhi related to ingestion of contaminated food or water.
“MCCANCE & HUETHER'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM
2025 – 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST
VERSION) WELL REVISED AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDALE| ALREADY PASSED!!
1. Staphylococcus aureus commonly found in the skin, nares, and other body
sites of patients without any signs and symptoms of infection is known as
which of the following conditions listed below?
A) An opportunistic infection
B) A parasitic infestation
C) Bacterial colonization
D) A saprophytic infection
C
2. Which of the following statements is an accurate descriptor of the role of
viruses in human infections?
A) Viruses have no genetic material of their own.
B) Some viruses are capable of transforming normal host cells into malignant
cells.
C) Viruses are often implicated in cases of transmissible neurodegenerative
diseases.
D) Viruses require stimulation after a latent period before they are able to
produce symptoms.
B
3. Which of the following types of pneumonia listed below is best
characterized by an infective agent that produces sputum samples with a
peptidoglycan cell wall, expresses endotoxins, replicates readily in broth and
on agar, grows in clusters, has pili, and does not stain when exposed to
crystal violet?
A) Chlamydial
B) Viral
, Page 2 of 38
C) Mycoplasmal
D) Bacterial
D
4. The nurse will most likely assess which of the following clinical
manifestations in a client who was diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
A) Change in behavior and memory and loss of coordination leading to
encephalopathy
B) Gastrointestinal problems like vomiting and diarrhea
C) Muscle inflammation and edema, making movements very painful
D) Projectile vomiting, hypertension, and drowsiness caused by elevated ICP
A
5. The spirochete leptospires is primarily transmitted to farmers by
A) an airborne mechanism.
B) exposure to spores in the environment.
C) direct contact with infected animals.
D) a mosquito bite.
C
6. The nurse knows which of the following statements best describes the
characteristic trait of risckettsiae related to Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Rickettsiae
A) are eukaryotic.
B) have both RNA and DNA.
C) have a distinct spiral-shaped morphology.
D) are neither gram negative nor gram positive.
B
7. An 81-year-old female patient in a subacute medical unit of a hospital has
developed an oral Candida albicans infection. Which of the following
phenomena would the patient's nurse suspect as a key contributing factor to
her infection?
A) The moist and temperature-suited oral environment of the client's mouth
B) The ability of fungi to remain latent until the host reaches an
immunocompromised state
C) Antibiotic therapy that eliminated normal bacterial flora
, Page 3 of 38
D) The airborne communicability of yeast and molds and subsequent
inhalation
C
8. The nurse knows which of the following statements below is appropriate to
be included in an education session for a 21-year-old male with a diagnosis of
malaria?
A) "Your infection likely began with the introduction of fertilized protozoal ova
from a mosquito."
B) "The protozoa responsible have hijacked the genetic material of your cells
in order to reproduce."
C) "You are very tired because the pathogens are utilizing the ATP that your
own cells need."
D) "The infectious organisms are considered tiny, single-celled animals, given
their complete eukaryotic machinery."
D
9. The physician knows the client G1P0 has correctly understood the prenatal
education regarding sexually transmitted infection as evidenced by which of
the following statements listed below?
A) "Gonorrhea and chlamydia out of the various infectious agents pose the
greatest risks of transmission from mother to child."
B) "I know that my baby will need observation for HIV signs and symptoms in
the weeks following my delivery."
C) "My baby could become infected either across the placenta or during the
birth itself."
D) "If I receive prophylactic immunization, I will reduce my baby's chance of
being born with an illness."
C
10. Which of the following procedures reduces the potential for infection
primarily by addressing the portal of entry?
A) Wiping down common areas with buffered bleach on a regular basis
B) Wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated
C) Disposing of soiled clothing and bed linens in a dedicated receptacle
D) Isolating patients who have antibiotic-resistant infections
B
, Page 4 of 38
11. A school-age child with a history of asthma has brought a note home from
school stating that there has been one case of meningitis (Neisseria
meningitides) in the school. Since the mother is a nurse, she is very
concerned since she knows the portal of entry of this pathogen is
A) by inhalation via the respiratory tract such as through breathing or
yawning.
B) by direct contact with a contaminated object such as a pencil.
C) by ingestion such as when children share their drink with their friends.
D) through a cut or abrasion that may occur on the playground.
A
12. Which of the following scenarios best describes an example of infection
originating with a fomite?
A) A client who contracted hepatitis C through sharing a contaminated syringe
with an infected person
B) A nurse with a positive tuberculin screening test (PPD) after admitting a
patient diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB)
C) A woman who contracted Lyme disease after a tick bite
D) A man who has been diagnosed with trichinosis after eating undercooked
pork
A
13. A client presents with sudden, violent diarrhea and vomiting after
consuming chicken and potato salad 8 hours ago at the beach on a hot day.
Which statement best matches the phase of the infectious process of food
poisoning.
A) Maximum impact of infectious proceterm-13ss
B) Insidious prodromal phase
C) Sudden incubation of active replication
D) Subacute prodromal phase
A
14. Which of the following infectious agents listed below would be a site-
specific pathogen and not spread throughout the body via the circulatory
system? A patient diagnosed with
A) B. burgdorferi caused by a tick bite.
B) Salmonella typhi related to ingestion of contaminated food or water.
