HOLISTIC 3209 KSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
What is the average normal amount for fluid intake and fluid output? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ~2600 mL/day
What are some causes or risks for hypovolemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Diarrhea,
vomiting, polyuria, losses through wounds, impaired swallowing, anorexia
What are some causes or risks for hypervolemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Heart failure,
renal failure, liver cirrhosis, excess IV fluid intake, excess Na ingestion
What level of Na signals hyponatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Less than 135 -> Less
than 115 is emergency!
What are some nursing interventions for hyponatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Hypertonic IV solutions
Limit fluid intake
Encourage food high in sodium
What serum Na level signals hypernatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Greater than 145
What are some signs of hypernatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Thirst
Red, dry, swollen tongue
Muscle weakness
A patient receiving Digoxin should be closely monitored for what electrolyte imbalance? -
CORRECT ANSWERS hypokalemia
,HOLISTIC 3209 KSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
What are some risk factors for hypocalcemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of
parathyroid glands
Decreased Vitamin D
What are some risk factors for hypercalcemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Immobilization
Hyperparathyroidism
Bone malignancy
What lab tests should be done to measure electrolyte balance? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Serum electrolytes
CBC
BMP (BUN, creatinine, etc.)
Urinalysis
ABGs
The nurse is assessing I/Os on a patient and notices a significant imbalance. What should the
nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWERS Call the doctor
What is the expected urine output per hour in an adult? - CORRECT ANSWERS 30
ml/hour
What are some examples of isotonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.9% NaCl (normal
saline)
Lactated Ringers
D5W
What are some examples of hypotonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.45% NaCl
, HOLISTIC 3209 KSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
0.33% NaCl
What are some examples of hypertonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS D5NS
D5 1/2 NS
D10W
When evaluating outcomes in a nursing care plan, if the desired outcomes are NOT achieved,
what should the nurse do first? - CORRECT ANSWERS Explore the reasons why desired
outcome was not achieved before modifying care plan
What are some chemical buffers in the body? - CORRECT ANSWERS HCO3 and H2CO3
What mechanism of pH regulation in the body is the longest lasting? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Kidney regulation
What mechanism of pH regulation in the body is the strongest? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Respiratory
Is arterial blood or venous blood a better representation of gas exchange and pH? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Arterial
Euthanasia - CORRECT ANSWERS "good dying"
Active Euthanasia - CORRECT ANSWERS Taking specific action to cause a patient's
death such as lethal dose
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
What is the average normal amount for fluid intake and fluid output? - CORRECT
ANSWERS ~2600 mL/day
What are some causes or risks for hypovolemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Diarrhea,
vomiting, polyuria, losses through wounds, impaired swallowing, anorexia
What are some causes or risks for hypervolemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Heart failure,
renal failure, liver cirrhosis, excess IV fluid intake, excess Na ingestion
What level of Na signals hyponatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Less than 135 -> Less
than 115 is emergency!
What are some nursing interventions for hyponatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Hypertonic IV solutions
Limit fluid intake
Encourage food high in sodium
What serum Na level signals hypernatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Greater than 145
What are some signs of hypernatremia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Thirst
Red, dry, swollen tongue
Muscle weakness
A patient receiving Digoxin should be closely monitored for what electrolyte imbalance? -
CORRECT ANSWERS hypokalemia
,HOLISTIC 3209 KSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
What are some risk factors for hypocalcemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Removal of
parathyroid glands
Decreased Vitamin D
What are some risk factors for hypercalcemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Immobilization
Hyperparathyroidism
Bone malignancy
What lab tests should be done to measure electrolyte balance? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Serum electrolytes
CBC
BMP (BUN, creatinine, etc.)
Urinalysis
ABGs
The nurse is assessing I/Os on a patient and notices a significant imbalance. What should the
nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWERS Call the doctor
What is the expected urine output per hour in an adult? - CORRECT ANSWERS 30
ml/hour
What are some examples of isotonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.9% NaCl (normal
saline)
Lactated Ringers
D5W
What are some examples of hypotonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.45% NaCl
, HOLISTIC 3209 KSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST
UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS GET IT
100% CORRECT DETAILED BEST RATED A+ FOR PASS
0.33% NaCl
What are some examples of hypertonic fluids? - CORRECT ANSWERS D5NS
D5 1/2 NS
D10W
When evaluating outcomes in a nursing care plan, if the desired outcomes are NOT achieved,
what should the nurse do first? - CORRECT ANSWERS Explore the reasons why desired
outcome was not achieved before modifying care plan
What are some chemical buffers in the body? - CORRECT ANSWERS HCO3 and H2CO3
What mechanism of pH regulation in the body is the longest lasting? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Kidney regulation
What mechanism of pH regulation in the body is the strongest? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Respiratory
Is arterial blood or venous blood a better representation of gas exchange and pH? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Arterial
Euthanasia - CORRECT ANSWERS "good dying"
Active Euthanasia - CORRECT ANSWERS Taking specific action to cause a patient's
death such as lethal dose
