Page 1 of 94
NSG 533 EXAM 3/ NSG 533 ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4 NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+|| NEW!!
HbA .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 beta
Major adult hgb, about 97%, found normally in adults
HbA2 .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 delta
Minor adult hgb, 2-3%
HbF .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 gamma
Major fetal hgb, this type of hemoglobin is replaced by
hemoglobin A shortly (6 months) after birth
Greater affinity for oxygen, binds more readily
Helpful for growth/metabolism in infancy
,Page 2 of 94
HbS .....ANSWER..... Quality dysfunction of beta (sickle
trait/disease)
This type is commonly present in sickle cell disease
Normal value RBC .....ANSWER..... 4.5-6
Normal value hemoglobin (Hgb) .....ANSWER..... >13 in men
>12 in women
Normal value hematocrit (Hct) .....ANSWER..... 40-50 in men
35-45 in women
Physical space that the Hb occupies as a percentage of the
whole that red cells occupy
Usually 3x higher than Hb count
Normal value reticulocytes .....ANSWER..... 0.5-2%
Low think underproduction, high think destruction/hemolysis or
active bleeding
,Page 3 of 94
Normal value MCV (Mean corpuscular volume) .....ANSWER.....
80-100 fl
Measure of the average volume of a RBC
Should not be used to rule in or rule out a specific cause of
anemia
Underproduction Anemia: Microcytic .....ANSWER..... MCV low
(<80), microcytic; low retic count
Underproduction Anemia: Macrocytic .....ANSWER..... MCV high
(>100), macrocytic; low retic count
Example microcytic anemia .....ANSWER..... Iron deficiency
anemia
Examples of macrocytic anemia .....ANSWER..... B12 deficiency
anemia and folate deficiency anemia
Normocytic anemia .....ANSWER..... Inflammation
Malignancy
, Page 4 of 94
RBC aplasia
Hospitalized patient (dilutional, iatrogenic phlebotomy)
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia definition .....ANSWER..... The
body doesn't have enough iron, which is needed to make
hemoglobin
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia etiology .....ANSWER..... Most
common cause of anemia worldwide!
Blood loss from GI or menstrual most common
Inadequate intake of meats- rare
Malabsorption with patient's who have had gastrectomy,
bariatric surgery procedures
(duodenum, and upper jejunum bypassed), celiac disease, or
inflammatory bowel disease
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia risk factors .....ANSWER.....
Heavy menstrual bleeding
NSG 533 EXAM 3/ NSG 533 ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 4 NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+|| NEW!!
HbA .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 beta
Major adult hgb, about 97%, found normally in adults
HbA2 .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 delta
Minor adult hgb, 2-3%
HbF .....ANSWER..... 2 alpha, 2 gamma
Major fetal hgb, this type of hemoglobin is replaced by
hemoglobin A shortly (6 months) after birth
Greater affinity for oxygen, binds more readily
Helpful for growth/metabolism in infancy
,Page 2 of 94
HbS .....ANSWER..... Quality dysfunction of beta (sickle
trait/disease)
This type is commonly present in sickle cell disease
Normal value RBC .....ANSWER..... 4.5-6
Normal value hemoglobin (Hgb) .....ANSWER..... >13 in men
>12 in women
Normal value hematocrit (Hct) .....ANSWER..... 40-50 in men
35-45 in women
Physical space that the Hb occupies as a percentage of the
whole that red cells occupy
Usually 3x higher than Hb count
Normal value reticulocytes .....ANSWER..... 0.5-2%
Low think underproduction, high think destruction/hemolysis or
active bleeding
,Page 3 of 94
Normal value MCV (Mean corpuscular volume) .....ANSWER.....
80-100 fl
Measure of the average volume of a RBC
Should not be used to rule in or rule out a specific cause of
anemia
Underproduction Anemia: Microcytic .....ANSWER..... MCV low
(<80), microcytic; low retic count
Underproduction Anemia: Macrocytic .....ANSWER..... MCV high
(>100), macrocytic; low retic count
Example microcytic anemia .....ANSWER..... Iron deficiency
anemia
Examples of macrocytic anemia .....ANSWER..... B12 deficiency
anemia and folate deficiency anemia
Normocytic anemia .....ANSWER..... Inflammation
Malignancy
, Page 4 of 94
RBC aplasia
Hospitalized patient (dilutional, iatrogenic phlebotomy)
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia definition .....ANSWER..... The
body doesn't have enough iron, which is needed to make
hemoglobin
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia etiology .....ANSWER..... Most
common cause of anemia worldwide!
Blood loss from GI or menstrual most common
Inadequate intake of meats- rare
Malabsorption with patient's who have had gastrectomy,
bariatric surgery procedures
(duodenum, and upper jejunum bypassed), celiac disease, or
inflammatory bowel disease
Iron Deficiency: Microcytic anemia risk factors .....ANSWER.....
Heavy menstrual bleeding
