CPN Review Questions
3-month-old Johnnie, has a diaper rash. Which of the following have to the mom be told to
do?
A) Wipes containing alcohol need to be used.
B) Change diaper as soon as dirty and at least every 2 hours all through the day.
C) Use hot water to cleanse the perineal region.
D) Leave barrier products on all day. - ANS-B) Change diapers as soon as they may be
soiled and at the least each 2 hours at some stage in the day.
Rationale: Keeping moist/soiled diapers faraway from the skin promotes recovery.
Domain: Dermatologic Conditions
A 14 month antique boy is admitted to the sanatorium with a Hb of 5.0 g/dL. When finishing
the nursing history, what is an predicted records locating with this affected person admitted
with iron deficiency anemia?
A) "My son is a completely choosy eater. He love his cereal and will consume fowl fingers
but does not devour many vegetables."
B) "My son is a totally active boy and goes to daycare complete time considering the fact
that I am a complete-time operating mom."
C) "My baby loves milk! We ensure he receives a fill bottle of milk with every meal and he
also can also have a few with his snacks. He just can't get sufficient of it!"
D) "My baby is particularly wholesome besides for the latest upper respiratory congestion
that he has had." - ANS-C) "My baby loves milk! We make certain he gets a fill bottle of milk
with every meal and he additionally may also have a few along with his snacks. He just can't
get enough of it!"
Rationale: Milk does no longer comprise enough nutritional iron and a child who has
excessive milk consumption may not be consuming good enough amounts of iron in their
weight loss program from iron rich or iron fortified foods together with cereals.
Domain: Hematologic Conditions
A sixteen year old woman is to be started out on isotretinoin for remedy of excessive
pimples. It is MOST vital to give an explanation for that
A) picking or squeezing skin eruptions can cause scarring.
B) scrubbing skin and the usage of harsh cleansers have to be avoided.
C) the use of forms of contraception is essential if undertaking intercourse.
D) donating blood is contraindicated for up to 6 months following treatment. - ANS-C) using
forms of birth control is vital if engaging in intercourse.
Rationale: Isotretinoin is indicated for the remedy of severe nodular pimples that isn't
responsive to standard healing procedures. It has been approved with the aid of the FDA for
children >12 years. Since sufferers on this age organization can be sexually active, it's far
required that all patients, each male and girl, in addition to prescribers and pharmacists, take
part within the iPLEDGE danger control program. The cause of the program is to save you
fetal exposure to isotretinoin due to the high hazard of delivery defects. Requirements of the
iPLEDGE application for women of childbearing age include a commitment to use sorts of
contraception and to go through a month-to-month being pregnant check. To facilitate
,compliance, companies are restricted to prescribing a most 30-day supply of isotretinoin.
Blood
donation is contraindicated throughout treatment and for one month after final touch.
Patients want to gain knowledge of to avoid immoderate scrubbing, harsh cleansers, and
squeezing eruptions considering those
practices can worsen the skin, irritate the situation, and cause infection and capacity
scarring. However, the prevention of fetal publicity to this medication is the very best
precedence.
A three 12 months vintage has poor urge for food, documented weight loss, and diminished
strength. Which lab result might indicate a want for lead publicity screening?
A) reduced hemoglobin
B) decreased platelet
C) improved magnesium
D) increased neutrophil - ANS-A) reduced hemoglobin
Rationale: Children beneath 5 years of age are maximum at danger for lead poisoning
because of common hand to mouth interest. Acute or chronic lead poisoning can arise with
youngsters who ingest lead-based paint chips. Lead-based totally paint and
lead-contaminated dirt in homes constructed before 1978 are the most common resources of
lead poisoning in children. Other assets encompass infected air, water, and soil. Iron
deficiency seems to be a component in lead being extra conveniently absorbed. Lab values
in lead poisoning usually monitor a normocytic anemia with a low hemoglobin, however
different red blood cell indices are ordinary. The white blood depend and platelets are not
affected and the magnesium
stage is reduced because of renal tubular disorder. Initial symptoms and signs of lead
poisoning can be tough to hit upon. Mild and slight lead poisoning can
take place in behavioral adjustments in young kids together with reduced urge for food,
sluggishness, and fatigue, along side abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation. Long-time
period signs of lead poisoning encompass developmental put off,
diminished academic overall performance, gaining knowledge of disabilities, and lowered
intelligence quotient (IQ).
A 6-12 months-antique toddler is admitted to your unit with suspected bacterial meningitis.
Your prioritized nursing care will include:
A) Notifying the provider your patient is on the unit.
B) Documenting your completed records and bodily into the kid's report
C) Maintaining airway and seizure
D) Provide ache control - ANS-C) Maintaining airway and seizure
Rationale: Children with bacterial meningitis are at danger for changes on airway and
seizures. The nurse's priority of care is safeguarding the airway and preserving seizure
precautions. Make positive a resuscitation bag and oxygen are by using bedside. Provide a
low stimulus surroundings and safe surroundings to prevent injury if the child has a seizure.
Domain: Neurologic Function
A child admitted with excessive dehydration has acquired a ordinary saline fluid bolus.
Which of the following checks is the HIGHEST precedence earlier than imposing an order to
trade to an IV fluid with brought
potassium?
,A. Intravenous insertion website online
B. Degree of cognizance
C. Urinary output
D. Coronary heart rate - ANS-C) urinary output
Rationale: In intense dehydration, there's reduced blood glide to the kidneys which leads to
little to no urinary output. Since potassium is cleared via the kidney, management of
potassium previous to the recuperation of kidney feature could result in cardiac arrhythmias
and demise. Adequate urinary output affords proof that fluid volume has been
restored, resulting in enough stream to the kidneys to reestablish organ function. Therefore,
it's miles vital to assess urinary output previous to administering solutions which contain
potassium.
Although heart fee need to be monitored intently because of the outcomes of each hypo-
and hyperkalemia on cardiac fee and rhythm, neither tachycardia nor bradycardia would
necessitate withholding potassium. In a baby with hypokalemia, management of potassium
may be required to accurate cardiac disorder. Drowsiness and changes in stage of
awareness also are feasible manifestations of hypokalemia and would no longer
necessitate withholding management of potassium solutions.
It is crucial to assess the patency of the IV insertion website online considering the fact that
potassium is a vesicant that might reason extravasation and tissue necrosis if infiltration
happens. However, peripheral tissue necrosis isn't always as lifestyles threatening as
cardiac arrhythmia and capacity cardiac arrest. Therefore, urinary output could be the
concern evaluation over IV insertion website.
A child is admitted for pneumonia. The mother and father, who are from Southeast Asia,
renowned that the bruising on the child's again is resulting from cupping used to treat their
toddler's breathing signs and symptoms. The MOST appropriate response is to
A) ask the circle of relatives to price the effectiveness of the cupping.
B) increase a at the same time agreed upon goal for the kid's care.
C) give an explanation for how the bruising can be taken into consideration capability abuse.
D) provide coaching on opportunity healing procedures for airway clearance. - ANS-B)
expand a mutually agreed upon aim for the child's care
Rationale: Certain cultural practices may be misinterpreted by way of healthcare carriers as
toddler abuse and while it can be crucial for the own family to understand this hazard, it's far
critical that the circle of relatives does no longer feel that their cultural practices are being
judged. Conveying that the exercise of cupping is non-therapeutic and harmful will most
probable block similarly communique and could result in parental rejection of healthcare
practitioner recommendations for opportunity treatments. Generally, the exercise of cupping
does now not reason contamination or long-term damage. The healthcare provider's method
to the family in a culturally touchy manner ought to encompass that specialize in growing a
mutually universal intention for the kid's treatment.
A infant with a chronic circumstance is being teased at school. Which of the following
responses is probably to be the MOST beneficial in helping the kid deal with this hassle?
A) mentioning the child's tremendous attributes
B) encouraging caregivers to fulfill with the child's trainer
C) discussing feasible ways to respond whilst teasing happens
D) selling socialization with kids who have the same condition - ANS-C) discussing possible
approaches to reply whilst teasing takes place
, Rationale: Chronic illnesses and disabilities may have a bad effect on many unique elements
of a baby's lifestyles. Each of the interventions indexed is appropriate and advantage the
child in one-of-a-kind ways. For instance, it is imperative that caregivers have open
communique with the child's teacher for you to ensure that the child's academic and medical
needs are met all through the faculty day. While it's far important for instructors to be privy to
some thing doubtlessly affecting a infant's capacity to learn, such as a toddler's emotions of
safety at faculty, the trainer can not be expected to screen or be aware of all of the toddler's
interactions. During the college-age years, peer opinion has a fantastic deal of have an
impact on on a infant's frame-photograph. While stating strengths and fantastic attributes the
kid possesses can also help enhance shallowness, the need for peer approval is a effective
have an effect on this is regularly tough to triumph over. Participation in aid organizations
and clinical camps with children who've the same sort of persistent circumstance must be
endorsed. In addition to offering undertaking, this type of interaction can promote
independence, as children regularly research self-care talents by imitating peers. The
maximum beneficial approach in this example is to assist the child put together for a way to
take care of the instantaneous hassle. The nurse can engage the kid in function gambling
possible ways to respond when teasing occurs. Being organized and having a tremendous
course of action promotes self belief. Helping the child learn how to deal with demanding
situations and adversity will assist to enhance vanity and improve high-quality of lifestyles for
the chronically sick child.
A child with sickle mobile ailment (SCD) is in vasoocclusive disaster with intense decrease
extremity pain and a fever of 102° F (39° C). Which of the following interventions need to be
predicted as the MOST suitable management of the disaster?
A) antibiotic to deal with probably contamination
B) oxygen administration to reverse the sickling
C) intravenous fluids to sell ok hydration
D) ibuprofen to lessen the temperature and decrease pain - ANS-C) intravenous fluids to sell
adequate hydration
Rationale: Adequate hydration to save you similarly sickling and delay the vasoocclusion
and hypoxia-ischemia cycle is the most critical intervention for sickle cell disaster. It ought to
be predicted that a baby in pain isn't in all likelihood to sense properly sufficient to ingest
sufficient fluids or foods. Therefore, intravenous fluid orders are predicted at a fee higher
than upkeep. Although contamination need to usually be dominated out, fever in the
absence of infection is a not unusual providing symptom at some stage in sickle cell crisis.
When moderate to slight ache is stated, acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used, but isn't
the priority treatment. Often extreme pain isn't always managed with acetaminophen or
ibuprofen alone and opioids are delivered. Short-term oxygen remedy is useful if the child is
experiencing
respiration difficulty and even as it can help to save you in addition sickling, oxygen will now
not opposite sickling that has already passed off.
A infant with kind 1 diabetes is exhibiting signs of hypoglycemia. Administering which of the
following foods is probable to offer the MOST speedy reaction?
A) ¼ of a chocolate candy bar with nut
B) 6-eight Sweet Tart goodies
C) 4 oz. (118 ml) of fruit juice
D) four ounces (118 ml) of milk - ANS-B) 6-eight Sweet Tart candies
3-month-old Johnnie, has a diaper rash. Which of the following have to the mom be told to
do?
A) Wipes containing alcohol need to be used.
B) Change diaper as soon as dirty and at least every 2 hours all through the day.
C) Use hot water to cleanse the perineal region.
D) Leave barrier products on all day. - ANS-B) Change diapers as soon as they may be
soiled and at the least each 2 hours at some stage in the day.
Rationale: Keeping moist/soiled diapers faraway from the skin promotes recovery.
Domain: Dermatologic Conditions
A 14 month antique boy is admitted to the sanatorium with a Hb of 5.0 g/dL. When finishing
the nursing history, what is an predicted records locating with this affected person admitted
with iron deficiency anemia?
A) "My son is a completely choosy eater. He love his cereal and will consume fowl fingers
but does not devour many vegetables."
B) "My son is a totally active boy and goes to daycare complete time considering the fact
that I am a complete-time operating mom."
C) "My baby loves milk! We ensure he receives a fill bottle of milk with every meal and he
also can also have a few with his snacks. He just can't get sufficient of it!"
D) "My baby is particularly wholesome besides for the latest upper respiratory congestion
that he has had." - ANS-C) "My baby loves milk! We make certain he gets a fill bottle of milk
with every meal and he additionally may also have a few along with his snacks. He just can't
get enough of it!"
Rationale: Milk does no longer comprise enough nutritional iron and a child who has
excessive milk consumption may not be consuming good enough amounts of iron in their
weight loss program from iron rich or iron fortified foods together with cereals.
Domain: Hematologic Conditions
A sixteen year old woman is to be started out on isotretinoin for remedy of excessive
pimples. It is MOST vital to give an explanation for that
A) picking or squeezing skin eruptions can cause scarring.
B) scrubbing skin and the usage of harsh cleansers have to be avoided.
C) the use of forms of contraception is essential if undertaking intercourse.
D) donating blood is contraindicated for up to 6 months following treatment. - ANS-C) using
forms of birth control is vital if engaging in intercourse.
Rationale: Isotretinoin is indicated for the remedy of severe nodular pimples that isn't
responsive to standard healing procedures. It has been approved with the aid of the FDA for
children >12 years. Since sufferers on this age organization can be sexually active, it's far
required that all patients, each male and girl, in addition to prescribers and pharmacists, take
part within the iPLEDGE danger control program. The cause of the program is to save you
fetal exposure to isotretinoin due to the high hazard of delivery defects. Requirements of the
iPLEDGE application for women of childbearing age include a commitment to use sorts of
contraception and to go through a month-to-month being pregnant check. To facilitate
,compliance, companies are restricted to prescribing a most 30-day supply of isotretinoin.
Blood
donation is contraindicated throughout treatment and for one month after final touch.
Patients want to gain knowledge of to avoid immoderate scrubbing, harsh cleansers, and
squeezing eruptions considering those
practices can worsen the skin, irritate the situation, and cause infection and capacity
scarring. However, the prevention of fetal publicity to this medication is the very best
precedence.
A three 12 months vintage has poor urge for food, documented weight loss, and diminished
strength. Which lab result might indicate a want for lead publicity screening?
A) reduced hemoglobin
B) decreased platelet
C) improved magnesium
D) increased neutrophil - ANS-A) reduced hemoglobin
Rationale: Children beneath 5 years of age are maximum at danger for lead poisoning
because of common hand to mouth interest. Acute or chronic lead poisoning can arise with
youngsters who ingest lead-based paint chips. Lead-based totally paint and
lead-contaminated dirt in homes constructed before 1978 are the most common resources of
lead poisoning in children. Other assets encompass infected air, water, and soil. Iron
deficiency seems to be a component in lead being extra conveniently absorbed. Lab values
in lead poisoning usually monitor a normocytic anemia with a low hemoglobin, however
different red blood cell indices are ordinary. The white blood depend and platelets are not
affected and the magnesium
stage is reduced because of renal tubular disorder. Initial symptoms and signs of lead
poisoning can be tough to hit upon. Mild and slight lead poisoning can
take place in behavioral adjustments in young kids together with reduced urge for food,
sluggishness, and fatigue, along side abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation. Long-time
period signs of lead poisoning encompass developmental put off,
diminished academic overall performance, gaining knowledge of disabilities, and lowered
intelligence quotient (IQ).
A 6-12 months-antique toddler is admitted to your unit with suspected bacterial meningitis.
Your prioritized nursing care will include:
A) Notifying the provider your patient is on the unit.
B) Documenting your completed records and bodily into the kid's report
C) Maintaining airway and seizure
D) Provide ache control - ANS-C) Maintaining airway and seizure
Rationale: Children with bacterial meningitis are at danger for changes on airway and
seizures. The nurse's priority of care is safeguarding the airway and preserving seizure
precautions. Make positive a resuscitation bag and oxygen are by using bedside. Provide a
low stimulus surroundings and safe surroundings to prevent injury if the child has a seizure.
Domain: Neurologic Function
A child admitted with excessive dehydration has acquired a ordinary saline fluid bolus.
Which of the following checks is the HIGHEST precedence earlier than imposing an order to
trade to an IV fluid with brought
potassium?
,A. Intravenous insertion website online
B. Degree of cognizance
C. Urinary output
D. Coronary heart rate - ANS-C) urinary output
Rationale: In intense dehydration, there's reduced blood glide to the kidneys which leads to
little to no urinary output. Since potassium is cleared via the kidney, management of
potassium previous to the recuperation of kidney feature could result in cardiac arrhythmias
and demise. Adequate urinary output affords proof that fluid volume has been
restored, resulting in enough stream to the kidneys to reestablish organ function. Therefore,
it's miles vital to assess urinary output previous to administering solutions which contain
potassium.
Although heart fee need to be monitored intently because of the outcomes of each hypo-
and hyperkalemia on cardiac fee and rhythm, neither tachycardia nor bradycardia would
necessitate withholding potassium. In a baby with hypokalemia, management of potassium
may be required to accurate cardiac disorder. Drowsiness and changes in stage of
awareness also are feasible manifestations of hypokalemia and would no longer
necessitate withholding management of potassium solutions.
It is crucial to assess the patency of the IV insertion website online considering the fact that
potassium is a vesicant that might reason extravasation and tissue necrosis if infiltration
happens. However, peripheral tissue necrosis isn't always as lifestyles threatening as
cardiac arrhythmia and capacity cardiac arrest. Therefore, urinary output could be the
concern evaluation over IV insertion website.
A child is admitted for pneumonia. The mother and father, who are from Southeast Asia,
renowned that the bruising on the child's again is resulting from cupping used to treat their
toddler's breathing signs and symptoms. The MOST appropriate response is to
A) ask the circle of relatives to price the effectiveness of the cupping.
B) increase a at the same time agreed upon goal for the kid's care.
C) give an explanation for how the bruising can be taken into consideration capability abuse.
D) provide coaching on opportunity healing procedures for airway clearance. - ANS-B)
expand a mutually agreed upon aim for the child's care
Rationale: Certain cultural practices may be misinterpreted by way of healthcare carriers as
toddler abuse and while it can be crucial for the own family to understand this hazard, it's far
critical that the circle of relatives does no longer feel that their cultural practices are being
judged. Conveying that the exercise of cupping is non-therapeutic and harmful will most
probable block similarly communique and could result in parental rejection of healthcare
practitioner recommendations for opportunity treatments. Generally, the exercise of cupping
does now not reason contamination or long-term damage. The healthcare provider's method
to the family in a culturally touchy manner ought to encompass that specialize in growing a
mutually universal intention for the kid's treatment.
A infant with a chronic circumstance is being teased at school. Which of the following
responses is probably to be the MOST beneficial in helping the kid deal with this hassle?
A) mentioning the child's tremendous attributes
B) encouraging caregivers to fulfill with the child's trainer
C) discussing feasible ways to respond whilst teasing happens
D) selling socialization with kids who have the same condition - ANS-C) discussing possible
approaches to reply whilst teasing takes place
, Rationale: Chronic illnesses and disabilities may have a bad effect on many unique elements
of a baby's lifestyles. Each of the interventions indexed is appropriate and advantage the
child in one-of-a-kind ways. For instance, it is imperative that caregivers have open
communique with the child's teacher for you to ensure that the child's academic and medical
needs are met all through the faculty day. While it's far important for instructors to be privy to
some thing doubtlessly affecting a infant's capacity to learn, such as a toddler's emotions of
safety at faculty, the trainer can not be expected to screen or be aware of all of the toddler's
interactions. During the college-age years, peer opinion has a fantastic deal of have an
impact on on a infant's frame-photograph. While stating strengths and fantastic attributes the
kid possesses can also help enhance shallowness, the need for peer approval is a effective
have an effect on this is regularly tough to triumph over. Participation in aid organizations
and clinical camps with children who've the same sort of persistent circumstance must be
endorsed. In addition to offering undertaking, this type of interaction can promote
independence, as children regularly research self-care talents by imitating peers. The
maximum beneficial approach in this example is to assist the child put together for a way to
take care of the instantaneous hassle. The nurse can engage the kid in function gambling
possible ways to respond when teasing occurs. Being organized and having a tremendous
course of action promotes self belief. Helping the child learn how to deal with demanding
situations and adversity will assist to enhance vanity and improve high-quality of lifestyles for
the chronically sick child.
A child with sickle mobile ailment (SCD) is in vasoocclusive disaster with intense decrease
extremity pain and a fever of 102° F (39° C). Which of the following interventions need to be
predicted as the MOST suitable management of the disaster?
A) antibiotic to deal with probably contamination
B) oxygen administration to reverse the sickling
C) intravenous fluids to sell ok hydration
D) ibuprofen to lessen the temperature and decrease pain - ANS-C) intravenous fluids to sell
adequate hydration
Rationale: Adequate hydration to save you similarly sickling and delay the vasoocclusion
and hypoxia-ischemia cycle is the most critical intervention for sickle cell disaster. It ought to
be predicted that a baby in pain isn't in all likelihood to sense properly sufficient to ingest
sufficient fluids or foods. Therefore, intravenous fluid orders are predicted at a fee higher
than upkeep. Although contamination need to usually be dominated out, fever in the
absence of infection is a not unusual providing symptom at some stage in sickle cell crisis.
When moderate to slight ache is stated, acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used, but isn't
the priority treatment. Often extreme pain isn't always managed with acetaminophen or
ibuprofen alone and opioids are delivered. Short-term oxygen remedy is useful if the child is
experiencing
respiration difficulty and even as it can help to save you in addition sickling, oxygen will now
not opposite sickling that has already passed off.
A infant with kind 1 diabetes is exhibiting signs of hypoglycemia. Administering which of the
following foods is probable to offer the MOST speedy reaction?
A) ¼ of a chocolate candy bar with nut
B) 6-eight Sweet Tart goodies
C) 4 oz. (118 ml) of fruit juice
D) four ounces (118 ml) of milk - ANS-B) 6-eight Sweet Tart candies
