NURS 611 EXAM 2 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Serotonin functions - (answer) mood, arousal, cognition regulation
Norepinephrine - (answer) regulation of mood, arousal, attention, and cognition
dopamine - (answer) involved in mood, arousal, cognition, and motor control
acetylcholine - (answer) involved in sleep, arousal, and attention
Name 5 common differential mental health diagnoses in primary care. - (answer) Anxiety
Depression
Mood disorders
Somatoform disorders
Substance abuse
What is a somatoform disorder and how can they be investigated? - (answer) A disorder that appears
to have physical manifestations but no physical explanation, could be voluntary or involuntary
(malingering is a type or conversion disorder)
Thorough history so you can investigate whether or not it is a physical cause or not
Name some risk factors of depression. - (answer) Personal or family history
Recent stressful event
Significant childhood adversity
Chronic illness
Female gender
What is an important assessment for someone reporting memory problems? - (answer) Has it been a
sudden or chronic onset?
This can help determine if it is an infection or medication side effect versus dementia or other altered
mental state.
,NURS 611 EXAM 2 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Differentiate between dementia and delirium in the following context:
Onset
Course
Duration
Sleep/wake cycle
General clinical illness or drug toxicity
give a general summary of mental status in each - (answer) Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating course
but worse at night, duration is hours to weeks, sleep wake is always disrupted, and illness/toxicity are
both or one is present.
Dementia: gradual/insidious onset, slowly progressive course, months to years duration, fragmented
sleep, and usually no illness.
A delirious person is usually either somnolent or hyperactive with a disturbed LOC and very disorganized
thought. They have impaired judgment with disorientation.
A demented person usually has a normal LOC until the end of their illness and have difficulty
communicating with a flat mood and increasing impairment. Their orientation is maintained till the end
usually.
Skin cancer risk factors - (answer) Personal or family history
>50 common molse
Atypical large moles
Red or light hair
Solar lentigines (sun spots)
Freckles
Tanning
light eye or skin color
Severe blistering sunburns in childhood
, NURS 611 EXAM 2 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Immunosuppression
How can you perform a skin/hair/nails exam? - (answer) Can be full-body or integrated (look at each
part of the skin while looking at the associated symptom/area, going head to toe)
Can be part of the ROS or its own
General survey
ABCDE of skin lesions - (answer) •Asymmetry: Symmetrical?
•Border: Regular or irregular border?
•Color: Uniform color or color changes?
•Diameter: Larger than 6mm?
•Elevation/Evolving: Elevated from surface and/or changing?
Newborn skin is more vulnerable due to... - (answer) larger surface area and thin layer
decreased sweat glands means risk for overheating
Newborn acne - (answer) not a concern, due to active sebaceous glands, comfort parents
acrocyanosis - (answer) normal in babies, sign of skin's vascular immaturity. causes blue tinge in hands
and feet
NOT normal if its around sternum or mouth
cutis marmorata - (answer) mottling in babies, nbd if it goes away
when is a capillary hemangioma concerning? - (answer) when eye or cleft of buttocks is concerned,
then an MRi is required to check underlying structures
Otherwise it is just a normal birth mark that will appear within a few months
DETAILED ANSWERS
Serotonin functions - (answer) mood, arousal, cognition regulation
Norepinephrine - (answer) regulation of mood, arousal, attention, and cognition
dopamine - (answer) involved in mood, arousal, cognition, and motor control
acetylcholine - (answer) involved in sleep, arousal, and attention
Name 5 common differential mental health diagnoses in primary care. - (answer) Anxiety
Depression
Mood disorders
Somatoform disorders
Substance abuse
What is a somatoform disorder and how can they be investigated? - (answer) A disorder that appears
to have physical manifestations but no physical explanation, could be voluntary or involuntary
(malingering is a type or conversion disorder)
Thorough history so you can investigate whether or not it is a physical cause or not
Name some risk factors of depression. - (answer) Personal or family history
Recent stressful event
Significant childhood adversity
Chronic illness
Female gender
What is an important assessment for someone reporting memory problems? - (answer) Has it been a
sudden or chronic onset?
This can help determine if it is an infection or medication side effect versus dementia or other altered
mental state.
,NURS 611 EXAM 2 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Differentiate between dementia and delirium in the following context:
Onset
Course
Duration
Sleep/wake cycle
General clinical illness or drug toxicity
give a general summary of mental status in each - (answer) Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating course
but worse at night, duration is hours to weeks, sleep wake is always disrupted, and illness/toxicity are
both or one is present.
Dementia: gradual/insidious onset, slowly progressive course, months to years duration, fragmented
sleep, and usually no illness.
A delirious person is usually either somnolent or hyperactive with a disturbed LOC and very disorganized
thought. They have impaired judgment with disorientation.
A demented person usually has a normal LOC until the end of their illness and have difficulty
communicating with a flat mood and increasing impairment. Their orientation is maintained till the end
usually.
Skin cancer risk factors - (answer) Personal or family history
>50 common molse
Atypical large moles
Red or light hair
Solar lentigines (sun spots)
Freckles
Tanning
light eye or skin color
Severe blistering sunburns in childhood
, NURS 611 EXAM 2 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Immunosuppression
How can you perform a skin/hair/nails exam? - (answer) Can be full-body or integrated (look at each
part of the skin while looking at the associated symptom/area, going head to toe)
Can be part of the ROS or its own
General survey
ABCDE of skin lesions - (answer) •Asymmetry: Symmetrical?
•Border: Regular or irregular border?
•Color: Uniform color or color changes?
•Diameter: Larger than 6mm?
•Elevation/Evolving: Elevated from surface and/or changing?
Newborn skin is more vulnerable due to... - (answer) larger surface area and thin layer
decreased sweat glands means risk for overheating
Newborn acne - (answer) not a concern, due to active sebaceous glands, comfort parents
acrocyanosis - (answer) normal in babies, sign of skin's vascular immaturity. causes blue tinge in hands
and feet
NOT normal if its around sternum or mouth
cutis marmorata - (answer) mottling in babies, nbd if it goes away
when is a capillary hemangioma concerning? - (answer) when eye or cleft of buttocks is concerned,
then an MRi is required to check underlying structures
Otherwise it is just a normal birth mark that will appear within a few months
