Page 1 of 55
C785 / C 785: Biochemistry Readiness Check 2025
Readiness Check – Western Governors University
where does transcription start .....ANSWER.....at the 5' end
translation .....ANSWER.....the production of protein by the
ribosome using the sequence of mRNA as a template
silent mutations .....ANSWER.....result in no change in the amino
acid sequence
missense mutation .....ANSWER.....changes in a single base pair in
a codon such that the codon now encodes a difference amino
acid
nonsense mutation .....ANSWER.....changes in a base pair in a
codon to a STOP codon that terminates translation
frameshift mutations .....ANSWER.....disrupts the coding of a
protein because there is either an insertion or deletion
,Page 2 of 55
single damaged nucleotide repaired with .....ANSWER.....base
excision repair
multiple damaged nucleotides .....ANSWER.....nucleotide excision
repair
mistakes in replication (mismatches) .....ANSWER.....mismatch
repair
double stranded breaks repair .....ANSWER.....homologous
recombination
how is red-green color blindness inherited .....ANSWER.....x-linked
recessive condition
heat denatures what .....ANSWER.....hydrophobic interactions
changes in pH denatures what .....ANSWER.....ionic and hydrogen
bonds
high salt concentrations denatures what .....ANSWER.....ionic and
hydrogen bonds
,Page 3 of 55
reducing agents denatures what .....ANSWER.....disulfide bonds
how many dna copies are created after the completion of 4 PCR
cycles .....ANSWER.....16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR
.....ANSWER.....recognizes the primers and uses the available
dNTPs to replicate the DNA sequence
What allows a gene to have an increased expression
.....ANSWER.....more space between the nucleosomes; in other
words, they are not packed too closely together
what occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA
.....ANSWER.....alternative combinations of eons within the same
gene are linked together by getting rid of introns
what is recombination .....ANSWER.....repairing the damaged
chromosome/DNA with a homologous chromosome
, Page 4 of 55
which force is most influential in determining the tertiary structure
of a protein .....ANSWER.....hydrophobic effect
what process is disrupted after a pt ingests excessive antacid
that neutralizes the pH of a stomach .....ANSWER.....protein
catabolism
what is protein aggregation .....ANSWER.....a biological
phenomenon in which misfiled proteins aggregate --> implicated
in diseases like ALS, Alzheimers, Dementia, Parkinsons
Which structural level shows the greatest difference when
comparing denatured proteins with the normal version of the
protein .....ANSWER.....tertiary structure
which level of protein structure is established through the
dehydration synthesis of peptide bonds .....ANSWER.....primary
structure is held together by peptide bonds between the amino
and carboxyl group through dehydration synthesis
C785 / C 785: Biochemistry Readiness Check 2025
Readiness Check – Western Governors University
where does transcription start .....ANSWER.....at the 5' end
translation .....ANSWER.....the production of protein by the
ribosome using the sequence of mRNA as a template
silent mutations .....ANSWER.....result in no change in the amino
acid sequence
missense mutation .....ANSWER.....changes in a single base pair in
a codon such that the codon now encodes a difference amino
acid
nonsense mutation .....ANSWER.....changes in a base pair in a
codon to a STOP codon that terminates translation
frameshift mutations .....ANSWER.....disrupts the coding of a
protein because there is either an insertion or deletion
,Page 2 of 55
single damaged nucleotide repaired with .....ANSWER.....base
excision repair
multiple damaged nucleotides .....ANSWER.....nucleotide excision
repair
mistakes in replication (mismatches) .....ANSWER.....mismatch
repair
double stranded breaks repair .....ANSWER.....homologous
recombination
how is red-green color blindness inherited .....ANSWER.....x-linked
recessive condition
heat denatures what .....ANSWER.....hydrophobic interactions
changes in pH denatures what .....ANSWER.....ionic and hydrogen
bonds
high salt concentrations denatures what .....ANSWER.....ionic and
hydrogen bonds
,Page 3 of 55
reducing agents denatures what .....ANSWER.....disulfide bonds
how many dna copies are created after the completion of 4 PCR
cycles .....ANSWER.....16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR
.....ANSWER.....recognizes the primers and uses the available
dNTPs to replicate the DNA sequence
What allows a gene to have an increased expression
.....ANSWER.....more space between the nucleosomes; in other
words, they are not packed too closely together
what occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA
.....ANSWER.....alternative combinations of eons within the same
gene are linked together by getting rid of introns
what is recombination .....ANSWER.....repairing the damaged
chromosome/DNA with a homologous chromosome
, Page 4 of 55
which force is most influential in determining the tertiary structure
of a protein .....ANSWER.....hydrophobic effect
what process is disrupted after a pt ingests excessive antacid
that neutralizes the pH of a stomach .....ANSWER.....protein
catabolism
what is protein aggregation .....ANSWER.....a biological
phenomenon in which misfiled proteins aggregate --> implicated
in diseases like ALS, Alzheimers, Dementia, Parkinsons
Which structural level shows the greatest difference when
comparing denatured proteins with the normal version of the
protein .....ANSWER.....tertiary structure
which level of protein structure is established through the
dehydration synthesis of peptide bonds .....ANSWER.....primary
structure is held together by peptide bonds between the amino
and carboxyl group through dehydration synthesis
