Fall SemeSter 2025 – lPl4802 law oF DamageS |
November/December PortFolio comPlete
aNSwerS | UPDateD 2025/2026 eDitioN | veriFieD
UNiSa law StUDy gUiDe | DUe 30 November 2025 |
100% exam-reaDy material For UNiverSity oF
SoUth aFrica StUDeNtS
Question 1:
A property owner, Sam, hired a contractor to build a fence around his property. The
contractor, due to negligence, built the fence on Sam's neighbor's land. Sam had to pay
additional costs to relocate the fence. What type of damages is Sam likely entitled to
recover?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
• C) Restitution Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: Sam is entitled to recover consequential damages because he incurred
additional costs directly resulting from the contractor's negligence, specifically the
expenses related to relocating the incorrectly placed fence.
Question 2:
Maria was injured in a car accident caused by John's reckless driving. She incurred
medical expenses and lost wages due to her inability to work. Which of the following
best describes the damages Maria can claim?
• A) Special Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Liquidated Damages
Correct Option: A) Special Damages
Rationale: Maria can claim special damages, as they are quantifiable monetary losses
incurred due to the accident, such as medical expenses and lost wages.
Question 3:
,After a breach of contract, a seller failed to deliver goods that were critical for a buyer's
business operation, leading to lost profits. Which type of damages can the buyer claim?
• A) Nominal Damages
• B) Consequential Damages
• C) Liquidated Damages
• D) Compensatory Damages
Correct Option: B) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The buyer can claim consequential damages because the loss of profits was
a foreseeable result of the seller's breach of contract, affecting the buyer's business
operations.
Question 4:
An employee was wrongfully terminated and suffered emotional distress as a result.
Which type of damages can the employee seek?
• A) General Damages
• B) Special Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: A) General Damages
Rationale: The employee can seek general damages for emotional distress resulting
from the wrongful termination, as these damages are meant to compensate for non-
economic harm.
Question 5:
A tenant was wrongfully evicted from a rental property and incurred costs to find a new
place to live. What type of damages can the tenant claim?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Special Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) General Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The tenant can claim consequential damages for the costs incurred due to
the wrongful eviction, as these expenses were a direct result of the landlord’s actions.
,Question 6:
In a defamation case, a plaintiff claims that false statements made by the defendant
caused them to lose their job. What type of damages could the plaintiff seek?
• A) Compensatory Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) Liquidated Damages
Correct Option: A) Compensatory Damages
Rationale: The plaintiff can seek compensatory damages to recover for the actual
losses suffered, such as lost wages and harm to reputation.
Question 7:
A consumer purchased a defective product that caused injury. What type of damages
can the consumer typically recover?
• A) Nominal Damages
• B) Compensatory Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Special Damages
Correct Option: B) Compensatory Damages
Rationale: The consumer can recover compensatory damages to cover medical
expenses and any other losses resulting from the injury caused by the defective
product.
Question 8:
In a breach of contract case, the contract specified a penalty of $10,000 for non-
performance. What type of damages is this considered?
• A) General Damages
• B) Liquidated Damages
• C) Special Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
, Correct Option: B) Liquidated Damages
Rationale: The specified penalty amount in the contract is considered liquidated
damages, which are agreed upon in advance to compensate for a breach.
Question 9:
A business suffered a loss due to a competitor's false advertising. They seek damages
for the loss of business. What type of damages are they pursuing?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) Punitive Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The business is pursuing consequential damages as they are claiming
losses directly linked to the competitor’s false advertising.
Question 10:
An individual suffers from anxiety and depression after being involved in an accident.
What type of damages can they claim?
• A) Special Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Liquidated Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: B) General Damages
Rationale: They can claim general damages for the emotional distress and mental
anguish suffered as a result of the accident.
Question 11:
In a case of breach of fiduciary duty, a plaintiff claims they lost investment
opportunities due to the defendant's actions. What type of damages may the plaintiff
seek?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
November/December PortFolio comPlete
aNSwerS | UPDateD 2025/2026 eDitioN | veriFieD
UNiSa law StUDy gUiDe | DUe 30 November 2025 |
100% exam-reaDy material For UNiverSity oF
SoUth aFrica StUDeNtS
Question 1:
A property owner, Sam, hired a contractor to build a fence around his property. The
contractor, due to negligence, built the fence on Sam's neighbor's land. Sam had to pay
additional costs to relocate the fence. What type of damages is Sam likely entitled to
recover?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
• C) Restitution Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: Sam is entitled to recover consequential damages because he incurred
additional costs directly resulting from the contractor's negligence, specifically the
expenses related to relocating the incorrectly placed fence.
Question 2:
Maria was injured in a car accident caused by John's reckless driving. She incurred
medical expenses and lost wages due to her inability to work. Which of the following
best describes the damages Maria can claim?
• A) Special Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Liquidated Damages
Correct Option: A) Special Damages
Rationale: Maria can claim special damages, as they are quantifiable monetary losses
incurred due to the accident, such as medical expenses and lost wages.
Question 3:
,After a breach of contract, a seller failed to deliver goods that were critical for a buyer's
business operation, leading to lost profits. Which type of damages can the buyer claim?
• A) Nominal Damages
• B) Consequential Damages
• C) Liquidated Damages
• D) Compensatory Damages
Correct Option: B) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The buyer can claim consequential damages because the loss of profits was
a foreseeable result of the seller's breach of contract, affecting the buyer's business
operations.
Question 4:
An employee was wrongfully terminated and suffered emotional distress as a result.
Which type of damages can the employee seek?
• A) General Damages
• B) Special Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: A) General Damages
Rationale: The employee can seek general damages for emotional distress resulting
from the wrongful termination, as these damages are meant to compensate for non-
economic harm.
Question 5:
A tenant was wrongfully evicted from a rental property and incurred costs to find a new
place to live. What type of damages can the tenant claim?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Special Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) General Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The tenant can claim consequential damages for the costs incurred due to
the wrongful eviction, as these expenses were a direct result of the landlord’s actions.
,Question 6:
In a defamation case, a plaintiff claims that false statements made by the defendant
caused them to lose their job. What type of damages could the plaintiff seek?
• A) Compensatory Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) Liquidated Damages
Correct Option: A) Compensatory Damages
Rationale: The plaintiff can seek compensatory damages to recover for the actual
losses suffered, such as lost wages and harm to reputation.
Question 7:
A consumer purchased a defective product that caused injury. What type of damages
can the consumer typically recover?
• A) Nominal Damages
• B) Compensatory Damages
• C) Punitive Damages
• D) Special Damages
Correct Option: B) Compensatory Damages
Rationale: The consumer can recover compensatory damages to cover medical
expenses and any other losses resulting from the injury caused by the defective
product.
Question 8:
In a breach of contract case, the contract specified a penalty of $10,000 for non-
performance. What type of damages is this considered?
• A) General Damages
• B) Liquidated Damages
• C) Special Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
, Correct Option: B) Liquidated Damages
Rationale: The specified penalty amount in the contract is considered liquidated
damages, which are agreed upon in advance to compensate for a breach.
Question 9:
A business suffered a loss due to a competitor's false advertising. They seek damages
for the loss of business. What type of damages are they pursuing?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Nominal Damages
• D) Punitive Damages
Correct Option: A) Consequential Damages
Rationale: The business is pursuing consequential damages as they are claiming
losses directly linked to the competitor’s false advertising.
Question 10:
An individual suffers from anxiety and depression after being involved in an accident.
What type of damages can they claim?
• A) Special Damages
• B) General Damages
• C) Liquidated Damages
• D) Nominal Damages
Correct Option: B) General Damages
Rationale: They can claim general damages for the emotional distress and mental
anguish suffered as a result of the accident.
Question 11:
In a case of breach of fiduciary duty, a plaintiff claims they lost investment
opportunities due to the defendant's actions. What type of damages may the plaintiff
seek?
• A) Consequential Damages
• B) Punitive Damages
