BIO 201 – Exam 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy & Physiology (Rio Salado College)
What is gross anatomy - (ANSWER)...branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and
tissues that are visible to the naked eye.
Define embryology, cytology & microscopic anatomy - (ANSWER)...Embryology- development before
birth, Cytology- cells of the body, Microscopic Anatomy- structures to small to be seen with naked eye
The main component of the cytoplasm - (ANSWER)...Cytosol
What is mitosis - (ANSWER)...cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same # and
kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
Role of leptin in the body - (ANSWER)...Leptin regulates energy intake and fat stores so that weight is
maintained within a relatively narrow range. "Leptin is a hormone made by fat cells, that decrease
appetite"
What is an organic molecule - (ANSWER)...are the molecules of life and are built around chains of carbon
atoms that are often quite long.
Some functions of lysosomes - (ANSWER)...they breakdown, degrade and digest safely within a cell
What type of epithelium would you find dense microvilli( lining intestines and kidney tubules) -
(ANSWER)... simple cubodoidal epithelium
Where would you find Pseudostratified columnar epithelia - (ANSWER)...ciliated is found in the trachea
and upper respitory tract; non ciliated is found in the male sperm
Major functions of fat - (ANSWER)...provides reserve fuel for cell, insulates against heat loss, supports
and protects organs
, BIO 201 – Exam 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy & Physiology (Rio Salado College)
What is metabolism - (ANSWER)... either Anabolism- which build larger molucules from smaller ones (
storage of energy). Catabolism- which breaks down from complex molecules to simpler ones ( with the
release of energy).
What do collagen fibers do for IVDs ( intervertebral discs) - (ANSWER)...they provide strentgh with there
crosslinks which resits being pulled apart, as well as cushoining.
What produces the most ATPs during cellular respiration - (ANSWER)...glucose, and the electron
transport chain
What is a frontal section/cut - (ANSWER)...through torso- divides the body by anterior(front) and
posterior(back)
Improperly digesting nutrients, may indicate a problem of which tissue layer - (ANSWER)...simple
epithelium
When does the body normally use proteins for energy (ATP) - (ANSWER)...When the body is in starvation
mode( doesnt have enough carbohydrate or fat calories for Atp production.
Normal constituents of the plasma membrane - (ANSWER)...seperates the inracellular fluid wihin the cell
and the extracellular fluid outside the cell.
What are endocrine glands - (ANSWER)ductless glands - secrete hormones directly into blood or lymph
ex. pituitary, thyroid
What is phagocytosis - (ANSWER)...cell eat- ingestion of bacteria or other material
The primary function of cellular respiration - (ANSWER)...metabolism to form ATP
The basic structural material of the body is made of what - (ANSWER)...Proteins
What is gross anatomy - (ANSWER)...branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and
tissues that are visible to the naked eye.
Define embryology, cytology & microscopic anatomy - (ANSWER)...Embryology- development before
birth, Cytology- cells of the body, Microscopic Anatomy- structures to small to be seen with naked eye
The main component of the cytoplasm - (ANSWER)...Cytosol
What is mitosis - (ANSWER)...cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same # and
kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
Role of leptin in the body - (ANSWER)...Leptin regulates energy intake and fat stores so that weight is
maintained within a relatively narrow range. "Leptin is a hormone made by fat cells, that decrease
appetite"
What is an organic molecule - (ANSWER)...are the molecules of life and are built around chains of carbon
atoms that are often quite long.
Some functions of lysosomes - (ANSWER)...they breakdown, degrade and digest safely within a cell
What type of epithelium would you find dense microvilli( lining intestines and kidney tubules) -
(ANSWER)... simple cubodoidal epithelium
Where would you find Pseudostratified columnar epithelia - (ANSWER)...ciliated is found in the trachea
and upper respitory tract; non ciliated is found in the male sperm
Major functions of fat - (ANSWER)...provides reserve fuel for cell, insulates against heat loss, supports
and protects organs
, BIO 201 – Exam 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy & Physiology (Rio Salado College)
What is metabolism - (ANSWER)... either Anabolism- which build larger molucules from smaller ones (
storage of energy). Catabolism- which breaks down from complex molecules to simpler ones ( with the
release of energy).
What do collagen fibers do for IVDs ( intervertebral discs) - (ANSWER)...they provide strentgh with there
crosslinks which resits being pulled apart, as well as cushoining.
What produces the most ATPs during cellular respiration - (ANSWER)...glucose, and the electron
transport chain
What is a frontal section/cut - (ANSWER)...through torso- divides the body by anterior(front) and
posterior(back)
Improperly digesting nutrients, may indicate a problem of which tissue layer - (ANSWER)...simple
epithelium
When does the body normally use proteins for energy (ATP) - (ANSWER)...When the body is in starvation
mode( doesnt have enough carbohydrate or fat calories for Atp production.
Normal constituents of the plasma membrane - (ANSWER)...seperates the inracellular fluid wihin the cell
and the extracellular fluid outside the cell.
What are endocrine glands - (ANSWER)ductless glands - secrete hormones directly into blood or lymph
ex. pituitary, thyroid
What is phagocytosis - (ANSWER)...cell eat- ingestion of bacteria or other material
The primary function of cellular respiration - (ANSWER)...metabolism to form ATP
The basic structural material of the body is made of what - (ANSWER)...Proteins
