BIO 265 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE 2025/ 2026 GET IT ALREADY GRADE A +
The lymphatic system - CORRECT ANSWER >> removes excess fluid from tissues.
absorbs lipids from the digestive tract.
defends the body against microorganisms and other foreign substances.
Which structure of the lymphatic system filters lymph by removing bacteria and allows for lymphocytes
to collect together and proliferate? - CORRECT ANSWER >> lymph nodes
The spleen - CORRECT ANSWER >> is considered a lymphatic organ
acts as a blood reservoir
destroys defective and old red blood cells
Which of the following is the BEST summary of a tissue called "tonsils"? - CORRECT ANSWER >> Tonsils
are large accumulations of lymphatic nodules that do not connect directly to lymphatic vessels and are
sometimes referred to as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
Peyer's patches are: - CORRECT ANSWER >> lymphatic nodules around the GI tract
,What do lymphatic vessels and veins have in common? - CORRECT ANSWER >> They both have one way
valves
Which white blood cell type release a large amount of histamine and heparin during response? -
CORRECT ANSWER >> Basophils
Which blood cell type transforms into macrophages? - CORRECT ANSWER >> monocytes
Which white blood cell type modulates inflammatory response by producing and releasing enzymes? -
CORRECT ANSWER >> eosinophils
Which cell type is usually the first to respond to infection and is the most numerous? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> neutorphils
Which structure of the lymphatic system is the site for T-cell maturation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>
thymus
The thoracic duct - CORRECT ANSWER >> is the largest lymphatic vessel
drains lymph from the entire left side of the body
drains lymph from right side inferior to the thorax
What is the pathway of lymph? - CORRECT ANSWER >> enters the lymphatic capillaries---lymph vessels-
-lymphatic nodes---lymphatic trunk---thoracic veins
Iam N Flamed goes to the doctor with the following symptoms; a fever, flu-like symptoms and very
swollen tonsils and adenoid glands. What is the significance of the swollen lymph glands? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> The body is likely fighting a respiratory viral or bacterial infection
The two major functions of macrophages is - CORRECT ANSWER >> protection and removal of dead cells
and debris from the body
,The purpose of the body increasing the body temperature during a fever is to: - CORRECT ANSWER >>
increase the activity of the immune system cells
Phagocytosis (engulfing and destroying pathogens) is done by: - CORRECT ANSWER >> neutrophils and
macrophages
Complement proteins: - CORRECT ANSWER >> work together to form a hole in the plasma membrane of
foreign cells which allows extracellular fluid to rush in and burst the cell.
What do the membrane attack complex (MAC), inflammation, and fever have in common? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> All occur as part of the non-specific defenses
Inflammation protects by: - CORRECT ANSWER >> increasing heat in the local area
causing pain from increased pressure on receptors so the person will protect area
bringing white blood cells and complement proteins to the injury
What two factors contribute to cardiac output? - CORRECT ANSWER >> heart rate and stroke volume
MAP is indicated by the equation - CORRECT ANSWER >> HR x SV x PR
Blood flow to all areas of the body depends on the maintenance of adequate pressure in the arteries. -
CORRECT ANSWER >> true
Which of the following has the greatest influence on Mean Arterial Pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER >>
diastolic pressure
Peripheral resistance (PR) - CORRECT ANSWER >> it the total resistance against which blood must be
pumped
, If the pressure of a vessel remains constant and the diameter of a vessel increases, what happens to the
force applied to the vessel wall - CORRECT ANSWER >> increases
Dr. Armstrong takes the vital signs of her newest patient. She documents that the patient has a blood
pressure measurement of 124/72 and a heart rate of 60 beats per minute. From this information she
determines the patient's pulse pressure to be - CORRECT ANSWER >> 52
Baroreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER >> are sensitive to stretch, both an increase and decrease of stretch
The outcome of baroreceptors detecting an increase in blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER >> causes
an increase in parasympathetic stimulation of the heart by Ach
When the baroreceptors in the carotid arteries and aorta detect a decrease in blood pressure -
CORRECT ANSWER >> parasympathetic stimulation decreases
adrenal medulla increases secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
the heart increases the rate and stroke volume
increase vasoconstriction of the arteries result
If carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood, a chemoreceptor reflex would occur to cause... - CORRECT
ANSWER >> faster heart rate
Which of the following chemical substances, when released into the blood, could cause blood pressure
to decrease? - CORRECT ANSWER >> atria natriuretic hormone
Chemoreceptor reflexes detect changes in - CORRECT ANSWER >> blood pH
blood gas concentration
UPDATE 2025/ 2026 GET IT ALREADY GRADE A +
The lymphatic system - CORRECT ANSWER >> removes excess fluid from tissues.
absorbs lipids from the digestive tract.
defends the body against microorganisms and other foreign substances.
Which structure of the lymphatic system filters lymph by removing bacteria and allows for lymphocytes
to collect together and proliferate? - CORRECT ANSWER >> lymph nodes
The spleen - CORRECT ANSWER >> is considered a lymphatic organ
acts as a blood reservoir
destroys defective and old red blood cells
Which of the following is the BEST summary of a tissue called "tonsils"? - CORRECT ANSWER >> Tonsils
are large accumulations of lymphatic nodules that do not connect directly to lymphatic vessels and are
sometimes referred to as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
Peyer's patches are: - CORRECT ANSWER >> lymphatic nodules around the GI tract
,What do lymphatic vessels and veins have in common? - CORRECT ANSWER >> They both have one way
valves
Which white blood cell type release a large amount of histamine and heparin during response? -
CORRECT ANSWER >> Basophils
Which blood cell type transforms into macrophages? - CORRECT ANSWER >> monocytes
Which white blood cell type modulates inflammatory response by producing and releasing enzymes? -
CORRECT ANSWER >> eosinophils
Which cell type is usually the first to respond to infection and is the most numerous? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> neutorphils
Which structure of the lymphatic system is the site for T-cell maturation? - CORRECT ANSWER >>
thymus
The thoracic duct - CORRECT ANSWER >> is the largest lymphatic vessel
drains lymph from the entire left side of the body
drains lymph from right side inferior to the thorax
What is the pathway of lymph? - CORRECT ANSWER >> enters the lymphatic capillaries---lymph vessels-
-lymphatic nodes---lymphatic trunk---thoracic veins
Iam N Flamed goes to the doctor with the following symptoms; a fever, flu-like symptoms and very
swollen tonsils and adenoid glands. What is the significance of the swollen lymph glands? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> The body is likely fighting a respiratory viral or bacterial infection
The two major functions of macrophages is - CORRECT ANSWER >> protection and removal of dead cells
and debris from the body
,The purpose of the body increasing the body temperature during a fever is to: - CORRECT ANSWER >>
increase the activity of the immune system cells
Phagocytosis (engulfing and destroying pathogens) is done by: - CORRECT ANSWER >> neutrophils and
macrophages
Complement proteins: - CORRECT ANSWER >> work together to form a hole in the plasma membrane of
foreign cells which allows extracellular fluid to rush in and burst the cell.
What do the membrane attack complex (MAC), inflammation, and fever have in common? - CORRECT
ANSWER >> All occur as part of the non-specific defenses
Inflammation protects by: - CORRECT ANSWER >> increasing heat in the local area
causing pain from increased pressure on receptors so the person will protect area
bringing white blood cells and complement proteins to the injury
What two factors contribute to cardiac output? - CORRECT ANSWER >> heart rate and stroke volume
MAP is indicated by the equation - CORRECT ANSWER >> HR x SV x PR
Blood flow to all areas of the body depends on the maintenance of adequate pressure in the arteries. -
CORRECT ANSWER >> true
Which of the following has the greatest influence on Mean Arterial Pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER >>
diastolic pressure
Peripheral resistance (PR) - CORRECT ANSWER >> it the total resistance against which blood must be
pumped
, If the pressure of a vessel remains constant and the diameter of a vessel increases, what happens to the
force applied to the vessel wall - CORRECT ANSWER >> increases
Dr. Armstrong takes the vital signs of her newest patient. She documents that the patient has a blood
pressure measurement of 124/72 and a heart rate of 60 beats per minute. From this information she
determines the patient's pulse pressure to be - CORRECT ANSWER >> 52
Baroreceptors - CORRECT ANSWER >> are sensitive to stretch, both an increase and decrease of stretch
The outcome of baroreceptors detecting an increase in blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER >> causes
an increase in parasympathetic stimulation of the heart by Ach
When the baroreceptors in the carotid arteries and aorta detect a decrease in blood pressure -
CORRECT ANSWER >> parasympathetic stimulation decreases
adrenal medulla increases secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
the heart increases the rate and stroke volume
increase vasoconstriction of the arteries result
If carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood, a chemoreceptor reflex would occur to cause... - CORRECT
ANSWER >> faster heart rate
Which of the following chemical substances, when released into the blood, could cause blood pressure
to decrease? - CORRECT ANSWER >> atria natriuretic hormone
Chemoreceptor reflexes detect changes in - CORRECT ANSWER >> blood pH
blood gas concentration
