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How to confirm diabetes diagnosis - ANSWER-Fasting plasma
glucose ≥126
mg/dLa
Or Random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL plus
symptoms of diabetesb Or
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 2-h plasma glucose
≥200 mg/dLc or
Hemoglobin A1c 6.5% or higher (STANDARD TEST)
What is the general glycemic goal for A1C? - ANSWER-<7.0%
how often should A1c be checked? - ANSWER-Every 3-6
months
*every 3 months until A1c is <7.0%
A1C goal for older adults? - ANSWER-<7.5% for adults with few
health issues
<8.0%-8.5 for adults with Comorbidities or
cognitive issues
,What drug is preferred for diabetes treatment? - ANSWER-
Metformin
At what A1c level should insulin be considered? - ANSWER-
>10%
In patients with type 2 diabetes who need greater glucose
lowering than can be obtained with oral agents, what is the
preferred treatment? - ANSWER-GLP-1 receptor agonists are
preferred to insulin when possible
Which laboratory tests should be completed before prescribing
methimazole? -
ANSWER-free triiodothyronine (T3)
free thyroxine (T4)
LFTs
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
CBC
Which agent is the preferred treatment option for thyroid
storm? - ANSWER-
PTU
(propylthiouracil)
Which agent is the first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism or
Grave's disease? -
ANSWER-
methimazole
, What to assess for if psyllium doesn't produce BM? - ANSWER-
Medication should be taken with full class of water or juice.
There could be an obstruction or impaction
The parent of a child with cerebral palsy reports that the child
has pebble-like stools most of the time and seems
uncomfortable if several days have passed between stools.
Which medication is indicated? - ANSWER-Polyethylene glycol
An older adult patient takes an opioid analgesic after a right-hip
open reduction
internal fixation (ORIF). Which of the medication should be
prescribed to
prevent constipation? - ANSWER-
Docusate sodium
A patient reports taking an oral bisacodyl laxative for several
years. Which instructions should be given to guide the
discontinuation of the laxative? - ANSWER-Stop taking the
laxative immediately and expect no stool for several days.
A patient who has been taking senna for several days reports
that her urine is
yellowish-brown. What is an appropriate response? -
ANSWER-It is an
expected, harmless effect of
Senna