1. A patient with chronic kidney disease reports eating many nuts, bananas,
pb, and chocolate. The nurse’s assessment indicates a loss of deep tendon
reflexes, an altered respiratory status, and somnolence. Which treatment
option would the nurse associate with these clinical findings?
a. Renal dialysis
b. IV potassium chloride
c. IV furosemide
d. IV normal saline @ 250mL per hr
2. The nurse admits a patient who reports severe diarrhea for several days
from a Clostridium difficile infection. Which IV fluid would the nurse
associate with the need to rapidly replace the patient’s fluid volume?
a. 0.9% sodium chloride
b. 0.45% sodium chloride
c. 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride
d. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride
3. The nurse receives a health care provider’s prescription to change a pt’s D5
half-normal saline with 40mEq KCL/L to D5 half-normal saline with 40mEq
KCL/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this
IV prescription change?
a. Na level of 136mEq/L, potassium level of 4.5mEq/L
, b. Na level of 145mEq/L, potassium level of 4.8mEq/L
c. Na level of 135mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6mEq/L
d. Na level of 144mEq/L, potassium level of 3.7mEq/L
4. Which prescription from the health care provider would the nurse anticipate
when admitting a patient with a fluid volume deficit due to severe diarrhea?
a. Restrict the pt’s dietary Na intake
b. Insert an IV access and infuse lactated ringer’s solution
c. Transfuse packed red blood cells as soon as they are available
d. Initiate hypertonic IV solution chloride fluids
5. Which intervention would the nurse implement first when providing care for
a patient who is being treated for hypernatremia that developed slowly over
several days?
a. Initiate seizure precautions
, b. Monitor the pt’s daily weight
c. Restrict the pt’s dietary Na intake
d. Administer prescribed diuretics
6. The pt has an Na+ level of 132mEq/L, a BUN level of 5mg/dL, and a
hematocrit level of 33%. Which fluid & electrolyte imbalance would the
nurse associate with the pt’s lab data?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Excessive fluid volume
d. Deficient fluid volume
7. A patient with diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, and a massive gastrointestinal
(GI) bleed is NPO, has a nasogastric (NG) tube, and has received multiple
units of packed RBC. The pt’s morning potassium level is 5.5mEq/L. Which
rationale would the nurse use to explain the morning’s potassium level?
Select all that apply
a. The elevated potassium level may be due to high blood glucose levels
produced when the body experiences physical stress.
b. The potassium level increase may be related to decreased renal
perfusion associated with the fluid volume deficit.
c. The pt may be excreting extra Na and retaining potassium because of
malnutrition.
, d. The transfusion of multiple units of stored hemolyzed blood may have
increased the pt’s potassium level.
e. The pt, who has been NPO and has an NG tube in place, is most likely
experiencing metabolic alkalosis.
8. The nurse provided care instructions for fluid balance maintenance at home
to the family of an older adult patient with dementia. Which caregiver
statement indicates an understanding of the nurse’s teaching? SATA
pb, and chocolate. The nurse’s assessment indicates a loss of deep tendon
reflexes, an altered respiratory status, and somnolence. Which treatment
option would the nurse associate with these clinical findings?
a. Renal dialysis
b. IV potassium chloride
c. IV furosemide
d. IV normal saline @ 250mL per hr
2. The nurse admits a patient who reports severe diarrhea for several days
from a Clostridium difficile infection. Which IV fluid would the nurse
associate with the need to rapidly replace the patient’s fluid volume?
a. 0.9% sodium chloride
b. 0.45% sodium chloride
c. 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride
d. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride
3. The nurse receives a health care provider’s prescription to change a pt’s D5
half-normal saline with 40mEq KCL/L to D5 half-normal saline with 40mEq
KCL/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this
IV prescription change?
a. Na level of 136mEq/L, potassium level of 4.5mEq/L
, b. Na level of 145mEq/L, potassium level of 4.8mEq/L
c. Na level of 135mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6mEq/L
d. Na level of 144mEq/L, potassium level of 3.7mEq/L
4. Which prescription from the health care provider would the nurse anticipate
when admitting a patient with a fluid volume deficit due to severe diarrhea?
a. Restrict the pt’s dietary Na intake
b. Insert an IV access and infuse lactated ringer’s solution
c. Transfuse packed red blood cells as soon as they are available
d. Initiate hypertonic IV solution chloride fluids
5. Which intervention would the nurse implement first when providing care for
a patient who is being treated for hypernatremia that developed slowly over
several days?
a. Initiate seizure precautions
, b. Monitor the pt’s daily weight
c. Restrict the pt’s dietary Na intake
d. Administer prescribed diuretics
6. The pt has an Na+ level of 132mEq/L, a BUN level of 5mg/dL, and a
hematocrit level of 33%. Which fluid & electrolyte imbalance would the
nurse associate with the pt’s lab data?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Excessive fluid volume
d. Deficient fluid volume
7. A patient with diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, and a massive gastrointestinal
(GI) bleed is NPO, has a nasogastric (NG) tube, and has received multiple
units of packed RBC. The pt’s morning potassium level is 5.5mEq/L. Which
rationale would the nurse use to explain the morning’s potassium level?
Select all that apply
a. The elevated potassium level may be due to high blood glucose levels
produced when the body experiences physical stress.
b. The potassium level increase may be related to decreased renal
perfusion associated with the fluid volume deficit.
c. The pt may be excreting extra Na and retaining potassium because of
malnutrition.
, d. The transfusion of multiple units of stored hemolyzed blood may have
increased the pt’s potassium level.
e. The pt, who has been NPO and has an NG tube in place, is most likely
experiencing metabolic alkalosis.
8. The nurse provided care instructions for fluid balance maintenance at home
to the family of an older adult patient with dementia. Which caregiver
statement indicates an understanding of the nurse’s teaching? SATA
