NR565 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Actual Exam
Preparation Newest 2025/2026 Complete 380 Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Brand
New Version!!
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences? - ans -1st trimester (fetus most
at risk d/t rapid growth)
What is BEERS criteria? - ans -Recommendations of medications inappropriate for
elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450) - ans -liver enzyme system where
medications are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and create
drug-drug interactions
Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient? - ans -
glucocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines, and
kernicterus with sulfonamides, levofloxacin (antibiotics)
aspirin (Severe intoxication from acute overdose)
what should be included in medication administration patient education? - ans -
dosage size and timing
route and technique of administration
duration of treatment
drug storage
nature and time course of desired responses
nature and time course of adverse responses
finish taking antibiotic
What are some things that put the elderly patient at higher risk for adverse drug
reactions? - ans -reduced renal function
polypharmacy (the use of five or more medications daily)
greater severity of illness
presence of comorbidities
,use of drugs that have a low therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin)
increased individual variation secondary to altered pharmacokinetics
inadequate supervision of long-term therapy
poor patient adherence
How can healthcare providers decrease likelihood of an elderly patient
experiencing an adverse drug reaction? - ans -obtaining a thorough drug history
that includes over-the-counter medications
considering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics changes due to age
monitoring the patient's clinical response and plasma drug levels
using the simplest regimen possible
monitoring for drug-drug interactions and iatrogenic illness
periodically reviewing the need for continued drug therapy
encouraging the patient to dispose of old medications
taking steps to promote adherence and to avoid drugs on the Beers list
How can we promote medication adherence with elderly patients? - ans -
simplifying drug regimens
providing clear and concise verbal and written instructions
using an appropriate dosage form
clearly labeling and dispensing easy-to-open containers
developing daily reminders
monitoring frequently
affordability of drugs
support systems
Why do nitrates need to be taken no later than 4 PM? - ans -Need nitrate free
interval so tolerance doesn't develop
Nine factors that impact outcome of medication? - ans -Gender and race
Genetics and pharmacogenomics
Variability in absorption
placebo effect
Tolerance
patho
age
bodyweight
, Do you need informed consent for genetic testing? - ans -yes
What is the purpose of the Genetic Information Non-Discriminatory Act? - ans -
Protects patients from discrimination by employers and insurance providers
based on genetic information
Difference between practice authority and prescriptive authority? - ans -Practice
authority refers to the nurse practitioner's ability to practice without physician
oversight, whereas prescriptive authority refers to the nurse practitioner's
authority to prescribe medications independently and without limitations.
Who regulates prescriptive authority? - ans -the jurisdiction of a health
professional board. This may be the State Board of Nursing, the State Board of
Medicine, or the State Board of Pharmacy, as determined by each state.
What is scope of practice determined by? - ans -is determined by state practice
and licensure laws.
What is full practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to
evaluate patients, diagnose, order and interpret tests, initiate and manage
treatments and prescribe medications, including controlled substances without
physician oversight.
What is reduced practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners are limited in at
least one element of practice. The state requires a formal collaborative
agreement with an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care. ex/ physician involvement for 5 yrs than independent
What is restricted practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners are limited in at
least one element of practice by requiring supervision, delegation, or team
management by an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care.- typically doctor on site
What are components of Rx? - ans -Prescriber Contact info
Prescribers name
NPI
Preparation Newest 2025/2026 Complete 380 Questions
And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Brand
New Version!!
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences? - ans -1st trimester (fetus most
at risk d/t rapid growth)
What is BEERS criteria? - ans -Recommendations of medications inappropriate for
elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450) - ans -liver enzyme system where
medications are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and create
drug-drug interactions
Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient? - ans -
glucocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines, and
kernicterus with sulfonamides, levofloxacin (antibiotics)
aspirin (Severe intoxication from acute overdose)
what should be included in medication administration patient education? - ans -
dosage size and timing
route and technique of administration
duration of treatment
drug storage
nature and time course of desired responses
nature and time course of adverse responses
finish taking antibiotic
What are some things that put the elderly patient at higher risk for adverse drug
reactions? - ans -reduced renal function
polypharmacy (the use of five or more medications daily)
greater severity of illness
presence of comorbidities
,use of drugs that have a low therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin)
increased individual variation secondary to altered pharmacokinetics
inadequate supervision of long-term therapy
poor patient adherence
How can healthcare providers decrease likelihood of an elderly patient
experiencing an adverse drug reaction? - ans -obtaining a thorough drug history
that includes over-the-counter medications
considering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics changes due to age
monitoring the patient's clinical response and plasma drug levels
using the simplest regimen possible
monitoring for drug-drug interactions and iatrogenic illness
periodically reviewing the need for continued drug therapy
encouraging the patient to dispose of old medications
taking steps to promote adherence and to avoid drugs on the Beers list
How can we promote medication adherence with elderly patients? - ans -
simplifying drug regimens
providing clear and concise verbal and written instructions
using an appropriate dosage form
clearly labeling and dispensing easy-to-open containers
developing daily reminders
monitoring frequently
affordability of drugs
support systems
Why do nitrates need to be taken no later than 4 PM? - ans -Need nitrate free
interval so tolerance doesn't develop
Nine factors that impact outcome of medication? - ans -Gender and race
Genetics and pharmacogenomics
Variability in absorption
placebo effect
Tolerance
patho
age
bodyweight
, Do you need informed consent for genetic testing? - ans -yes
What is the purpose of the Genetic Information Non-Discriminatory Act? - ans -
Protects patients from discrimination by employers and insurance providers
based on genetic information
Difference between practice authority and prescriptive authority? - ans -Practice
authority refers to the nurse practitioner's ability to practice without physician
oversight, whereas prescriptive authority refers to the nurse practitioner's
authority to prescribe medications independently and without limitations.
Who regulates prescriptive authority? - ans -the jurisdiction of a health
professional board. This may be the State Board of Nursing, the State Board of
Medicine, or the State Board of Pharmacy, as determined by each state.
What is scope of practice determined by? - ans -is determined by state practice
and licensure laws.
What is full practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to
evaluate patients, diagnose, order and interpret tests, initiate and manage
treatments and prescribe medications, including controlled substances without
physician oversight.
What is reduced practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners are limited in at
least one element of practice. The state requires a formal collaborative
agreement with an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care. ex/ physician involvement for 5 yrs than independent
What is restricted practice authority? - ans -Nurse practitioners are limited in at
least one element of practice by requiring supervision, delegation, or team
management by an outside health discipline for the nurse practitioner to provide
patient care.- typically doctor on site
What are components of Rx? - ans -Prescriber Contact info
Prescribers name
NPI
