ATI Critical Care Exam 2025 (ACTUAL
EXAM) TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED CORRECTS
WITH RATIONALES ALREADY
GRADED A+
Before PFT's how long should a patient refrain from smoking? Using an
inhaler? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-smoking: 6-8 h
inhaler: 4-6 h
What test must you do before performing an arterial puncture? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Allen's test; patency of the ulnar artery- if blood returns
to hand in 15s, then the radial artery can be used for the puncture
How long should one apply pressure after an arterial puncture? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-5 minutes (20 min if the patient is on anticoagulant
therapy)
What are the normal ranges for ABG's?
(pH, PAO2, PACO2, HCO3, and SAO2) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-pH: 7.35-7.45
PAO2: 80-100 mm Hg
PACO2: 35-45 mm Hg
HCO3: 21-28 mEq/L
SAO2: 95-100%
,In what position should you place a patient if air embolism is expected? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-left side in trendelenburg
How long must a patient be NPO before a bronchoscopy? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-4-8 hr
What types of medications might one administer prior to a
bronchoscopy? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-anxiolytics
atropine (to treat bradycardia)
viscous lidocaine
local anesthetic throat spray
What should you be monitoring a patient for after a bronchoscopy? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-significant fever (mild is ok up to 24 hrs after the
procedure), productive cough, significant blood in sputum (small
amounts are to be expected), hypoxemia, laryngspasm
Prior to a thoracentesis what diagnostic procedure must be done? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-CXR
What position should the patient be in for a thoracentesis? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-sitting up over the bedside table
What are possible complications of a thoracentesis? How do we tell
patients to identify pneumothorax? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mediastinal shifts
pneumothorax (deviated trachea, pain at the end of inhalation or
exhalation, affected side not moving with breath, increased HR, shallow
respirations, nagging cough, air hunger)
In what chest tube chamber (ONLY) should you see bubbling? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-suction
What is excessive drainage from a chest tube? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-more
than 70 ml/hr
How should the nurse document for care following a chest tube? How
often? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-color and amount of drainage qh for 24h after
insertion, then q8h
mark date, hour, and drainage level on the container at the end of each
shift
,What supplies should be kept at the side of a bed for a patient with a
chest tube? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-2 enclosed hemostats, sterile water,
occlusive dressing
What should the nurse instruct the patient to do during chest tube
removal? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-valsalva maneuver
What should the nurse do in the case that a chest tube is disconnected?
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-1. have the client exhale as much as they can to
remove air from the pleural space
2. immerse the end of the chest tube in sterile water to restore the water
seal
3. apply dry sterile gauze
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a nasal cannula? at what rate do
we need to administer humidification? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-44%
1-6 L/min
humidification at 4 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a simple face mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-40-60%
5-8 L/min (less than this causes the patient to rebreathe CO2)
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a partial rebreather mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-40-75%
6-11 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a non-rebreather? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-80-95%
10-15 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a venturi mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-50%
4-10 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a aerosol face mask, face tent, t-
piece, and trach collar? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-100%
10 L/min at least
*** Humidification requires frequent monitoring
, What does hypercarbia look like? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-restlessness,
hypertension, HA
What does oxygen toxicity look like? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-non-productive
cough, substernal pain, nasal stuffiness, n/v, fatigue, HA, sore throat,
hypoventillation
How does assist control (AC) work related to respiratory support? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-overtakes breathing for an intubated client
How does synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) work
related to respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-used in weaning;
increases the work of breathing
ventilator and patient work together
How does assist inverse ratio ventillation (IVR) work related to
respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-prolongs the inspiration phase to
maximize oxygenation
HIGH RISK FOR VOLUTRAUMA
How does airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) work related to
respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-patient and ventilator work
together
breath expelled by the lung's own natural recoil
How does independent lung ventilation work related to respiratory
support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lungs are ventilated separately
need: 2 ventilators, sedation, neuromuscular blocking agents
How does PEEP work related to respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
preset pressure on expiration
added to treat persistent hypoxemia
How does pressure support ventilation (PSV) work r/t respiratory
support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-greater oxygenation, makes the work of
breathing easier, prevents alveolar collapse
How do you document the placement of a tube for mechanical
ventilation? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-in cm at the client's teeth or lips
EXAM) TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED CORRECTS
WITH RATIONALES ALREADY
GRADED A+
Before PFT's how long should a patient refrain from smoking? Using an
inhaler? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-smoking: 6-8 h
inhaler: 4-6 h
What test must you do before performing an arterial puncture? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Allen's test; patency of the ulnar artery- if blood returns
to hand in 15s, then the radial artery can be used for the puncture
How long should one apply pressure after an arterial puncture? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-5 minutes (20 min if the patient is on anticoagulant
therapy)
What are the normal ranges for ABG's?
(pH, PAO2, PACO2, HCO3, and SAO2) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-pH: 7.35-7.45
PAO2: 80-100 mm Hg
PACO2: 35-45 mm Hg
HCO3: 21-28 mEq/L
SAO2: 95-100%
,In what position should you place a patient if air embolism is expected? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-left side in trendelenburg
How long must a patient be NPO before a bronchoscopy? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-4-8 hr
What types of medications might one administer prior to a
bronchoscopy? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-anxiolytics
atropine (to treat bradycardia)
viscous lidocaine
local anesthetic throat spray
What should you be monitoring a patient for after a bronchoscopy? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-significant fever (mild is ok up to 24 hrs after the
procedure), productive cough, significant blood in sputum (small
amounts are to be expected), hypoxemia, laryngspasm
Prior to a thoracentesis what diagnostic procedure must be done? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-CXR
What position should the patient be in for a thoracentesis? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-sitting up over the bedside table
What are possible complications of a thoracentesis? How do we tell
patients to identify pneumothorax? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mediastinal shifts
pneumothorax (deviated trachea, pain at the end of inhalation or
exhalation, affected side not moving with breath, increased HR, shallow
respirations, nagging cough, air hunger)
In what chest tube chamber (ONLY) should you see bubbling? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-suction
What is excessive drainage from a chest tube? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-more
than 70 ml/hr
How should the nurse document for care following a chest tube? How
often? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-color and amount of drainage qh for 24h after
insertion, then q8h
mark date, hour, and drainage level on the container at the end of each
shift
,What supplies should be kept at the side of a bed for a patient with a
chest tube? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-2 enclosed hemostats, sterile water,
occlusive dressing
What should the nurse instruct the patient to do during chest tube
removal? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-valsalva maneuver
What should the nurse do in the case that a chest tube is disconnected?
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-1. have the client exhale as much as they can to
remove air from the pleural space
2. immerse the end of the chest tube in sterile water to restore the water
seal
3. apply dry sterile gauze
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a nasal cannula? at what rate do
we need to administer humidification? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-44%
1-6 L/min
humidification at 4 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a simple face mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-40-60%
5-8 L/min (less than this causes the patient to rebreathe CO2)
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a partial rebreather mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-40-75%
6-11 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a non-rebreather? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-80-95%
10-15 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a venturi mask? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-50%
4-10 L/min
What is the FiO2 and the flow rate for a aerosol face mask, face tent, t-
piece, and trach collar? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-24-100%
10 L/min at least
*** Humidification requires frequent monitoring
, What does hypercarbia look like? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-restlessness,
hypertension, HA
What does oxygen toxicity look like? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-non-productive
cough, substernal pain, nasal stuffiness, n/v, fatigue, HA, sore throat,
hypoventillation
How does assist control (AC) work related to respiratory support? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-overtakes breathing for an intubated client
How does synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) work
related to respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-used in weaning;
increases the work of breathing
ventilator and patient work together
How does assist inverse ratio ventillation (IVR) work related to
respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-prolongs the inspiration phase to
maximize oxygenation
HIGH RISK FOR VOLUTRAUMA
How does airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) work related to
respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-patient and ventilator work
together
breath expelled by the lung's own natural recoil
How does independent lung ventilation work related to respiratory
support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lungs are ventilated separately
need: 2 ventilators, sedation, neuromuscular blocking agents
How does PEEP work related to respiratory support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
preset pressure on expiration
added to treat persistent hypoxemia
How does pressure support ventilation (PSV) work r/t respiratory
support? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-greater oxygenation, makes the work of
breathing easier, prevents alveolar collapse
How do you document the placement of a tube for mechanical
ventilation? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-in cm at the client's teeth or lips
