Evolve HESI Peds FINAL EXAM Newest 2025/2026 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Brand New Version!!

A nurse is educating a group of mothers about the nutritional needs of toddlers. Which of these statements made by a mother indicate the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "I need to give more than 24 ounces of milk per day." 2 "I should provide more calories from fats than proteins." 3 "I should refrain from giving grapes, nuts, and raw vegetables." 4 "I should give foods rich in calcium and phosphorus for healthy bone growth." 5 "I should try to give small, frequent meals consisting of breakfast, lunch, and dinner." 1, 2 Toddlers who consume more than 24 ounces of milk daily in place of other foods may develop milk anemia, because milk is a poor source of iron. A toddler needs more protein than fats in the diet. Certain foods, such as nuts, grapes, and raw vegetables, as well as hot dogs, candy, and popcorn, have been implicated in choking deaths and should be avoided. Calcium and phosphorus are important for healthy bone growth. Small frequent meals consisting of breakfast, lunch, and dinner with three interspersed high nutrient-dense snacks help improve nutritional intake. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 2/42 Which data should the nurse anticipate when conducting a developmental assessment for a 5-year-old client? Select all that apply. 1 Names coins correctly 2 Has a vocabulary of 1500 words 3 Participates in parallel play 4 Ties shoe laces independently 5 Has hand dominance established 1, 4, 5 When conducting a developmental assessment for a 5 year-old client, the nurse anticipates the client to be able to name coins correctly, tie shoe laces independently, and have established hand dominance. A vocabulary of 1500 words would indicate a language delay; the 5-year-old client is expected to have a vocabulary of 2100 words. Participation is associative, not parallel play, and is expected by 5 years of age. Which activities will the nurse suggest to the parents of a preschool age child to enhance fine motor skills? Select all that apply. 1 Using scissors 2 Riding a bicycle 3 Throwing a ball 4 Tying shoe laces 5 Playing with clay 1, 4, 5 The nurse should suggest using scissors, tying shoe laces, and playing with clay as activities that are appropriate for a preschool-age client to enhance fine motor skills. Riding a bicycle and throwing a ball are age-appropriate activities to enhance gross, not fine, motor skills for the preschool-age client. The nurse assesses and reports a disproportionate head-to chest ratio for a 6-month old infant. Which information should the nurse prepare to share with the infant's parents as the most likely cause of this assessment data? 2 A disproportionate head-to-chest ratio during infancy is most likely caused by abnormal head growth. While an altered chest shape may cause the disproportionate measurements, this is not the most likely cause. Telling the parents that their infant will most likely be diagnosed with brain cancer is inaccurate and not therapeutic. The data obtained to determine the disproportionate measures was 10/5/25, 8:52 PM obtained Evolve HESI Peds 1 "Your infant most likely has an altered chest shape." 2 "Your infant is likely experiencing abnormal head growth." 3 "Your infant will most likely be diagnosed with brain cancer." 4 "Your infant most likely had inaccurate during the current visit; previous measurements will not be taken into account in this circumstance. measurements during the last visit." 3/42 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 4/42 According to the Piaget's theory, which behavior does a nine-year-old child show? 1 Logical reasoning 2 Concrete thinking 3 Object permanence 4 Imaginary audience 2 A child of nine years of age will exhibit concrete thinking. Logical reasoning is observed in individuals starting from the age of 11. Object permanence is observed in children between birth and two years old. The idea of being constantly observed by an imaginary audience is observed in individuals starting from the age of 11. Which nursing action is appropriate when assessing a pediatric client's arm circumference? 1 Using specialized calipers for the measurements 2 Having cloth tape available to measure the midpoint 3 Recording the average of one measurement using two sites 4 Measuring vertically along the posterior aspect of the upper arm 4 Arm circumference is an indirect measurement of muscle mass. The appropriate nursing action is to measure vertically along the posterior aspect of the upper arm to the acromial process and to the olecranon process. Specialized calipers are used to assess skinfold measurements. The nurse should record the average of at least two measurements at the same site. Which findings in a four year-old indicates an appropriate development of socialization skills? Select all that apply. 1 The child tends to be selfish and impatient. 2 The child takes pride in his or her 1, 2, 3 Four-year-old children tend to be selfish and impatient, and they take pride in accomplishments. They may tell family tales to others with no restraint. A five-year- old child may be eager to do things correctly and please others. A five-year-old tries to follow rules during associative play, but may cheat to avoid losing. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 5/42 accomplishments. 3 The child tells family tales to others with no restraint. 4 The child is eager to do things correctly and please others. 5 The child tries to follow rules during an associative play, but cheats to avoid losing At what age does a child start to crawl? 1. 3 months 2. 5 months 3. 7 months 4. 9 months 4 At the age of 9 months, a child starts to crawl along the floor and can pull himself or herself to a standing or sitting position. At the age of 3 months, a child can lift his or her head and chest and is able to sit erect with support. At the age of 5 months, a child can support much of his or her own weight when pulled to stand. At the age of 7 months, a child can sit alone without support, can bear his or her full weight on his or her feet, and can hold on to furniture. In what ways can a nurse promote medication adherence in children? Select all that apply. 1 By mixing oral medications with food or juice 2 By communicating with parents to ensure active participation 3 By selecting a convenient route of dosage and dosing 1, 2, 3, 4 Oral medications may be mixed with food or fruit juice to improve their palatability. Communication with parents helps to ensures conscientious and skilled participation. The most convenient dosage form and dosing schedule should be selected to help ensure easy administration. Liquid formulations should be measured with the use of a calibrated spoon or syringe to help prevent inappropriate dosing. If the child spits out or spills the drug, the amount of drug spilled should be readministered. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 6/42 schedule 4 By measuring liquid formulations with a calibrated spoon or syringe 5 By refraining from readministering the drug if the child spills it or spits it out Which gross motor behaviors should the nurse assess for when conducting a health maintenance visit for a 4-year-old client? Select all that apply. 1 Skating 2 Skipping 3 Jumping rope 4 Catching a ball 5 Hopping on one foot 2, 4, 5 Gross motor behaviors the nurse would expect for a 4-year-old client include skipping, catching a ball, and hopping on one foot. Skating and jumping rope are expected for a 5-, not 4-year-old client. Which statement about language development in preschoolers is correct? 1 Preschoolers find words such as "die" and "dye" confusing. 2 Preschoolers realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute meanings. 3 Preschoolers become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases and 1 Preschooler children find phonetically similar words such as "die" and "dye" confusing. School-aged children realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute meanings. School-aged children become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases and sentences; they also accept language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 7/42 sentences. 4 Preschoolers accept language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner. Which data collected during a developmental assessment for a 5-year-old client would indicate the need for further intervention? 1 Names coins correctly 2 Has a vocabulary of 1500 words 3 Ties shoe laces independently 4 Has hand dominance established 2 The nurse would expect that the 5-year-old client would have a vocabulary of 2100, not 1500, words; therefore, this finding would indicate the need for further intervention by the nurse. It is expected the that 5-year-old client will be able to name coins correctly, tie shoe laces independently, and have established hand dominance; therefore, this data does not indicate the need for further intervention. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 8/42 According to Freud's theory, in what order do the stages of child development occur? 1. Anal 2. Oral 3. Genital 4. Oedipal 5. Latency 2, 1, 4, 5, 3 Freud's theory sets forth five stages of child development. The oral stage (stage 1) spans the period from birth to 12 to 18 months. The anal stage (stage 2) occurs between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. The Oedipal stage (stage 3) occurs between 3 and 6 years of age. The latency stage (stage 4) occurs between the ages of 6 and 12 years. Finally, the genital stage (stage 5) lasts from puberty through adulthood. Which period of Piaget's theory describes the idea of object permanence? 1 Sensorimotor period 2 Preoperational period 3 Formal operations period 4 Concrete operations period 1 There are four periods of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The first period is the sensorimotor period; this period describes object permanence. During the ages of birth to 2 years old, the child understands that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible. The second period is the preoperational period, which is observed in children between the ages of 2 and 7 years. During this time, children learn to think about the use of symbols and have mental images. The third period is the concrete operations period, which is observed between the ages of 7 and 11 years. During this period, the child thinks about an action before performing it. The formal operations period is the fourth period, which is observed in children from the ages of 11 years old throughout adulthood. During this period, there is a prevalence of egocentric thought 10/5/25, 8:52 PM 2. 5-6 words Evolve HESI Peds How many words should the nurse expect the 3-year-old child to acquire each day? 1. 2 to 3 2. 5 to 6 3. 8 to 10 4. 11 to 13 When does the anterior The nurse would expect the 3-year-old toddler-age child to acquire 5 to 6 new words each day. Two to 3 new words, 8 to 10 new words, and 11 to 13 new words are not expected parameters for language development. 3 fontanel of an infant close? 1 At 4 to 10 months 2 At 8 to 12 months 3 At 12 to 18 months 4 At 18 to 26 months The anterior fontanel usually closes between 12 and 18 months. If hearing loss is detected early, proper intervention can help a child achieve normal language development. What is the latest age that hearing loss should be detected to ensure that a child achieves language normal development? Record 3 If a healthcare provider detects hearing loss before the child is three months old and an intervention is initiated within six months, the child can achieve normal language development. your answer using a whole number. _ ____ months 9/42 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 10/42 The nurse is providing care to a bilingual preschool age child. Which should the nurse take into consideration regarding the child's language development? Select all that apply. 1 Disabilities will manifest in both languages. 2 The language spoken in the home will be less developed. 3 The child will only be able to read in one of the languages. 4 Milestones are reached at the same stage for both languages. 5 Bilingual children often act as medical interpreters for their families. 1, 4 When planning care for a bilingual preschool-age child, the nurse should consider that language disabilities will manifest in both languages and that milestones for both languages will be reached during the same time frame. There is no evidence that the language spoken in the home will be less developed. A bilingual child will be able to read in both languages. Bilingual children should not act as medical interpreters for their family members. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 11/42 Which immunization should the nurse provide parental education on during the health maintenance visit for a 4 year-old client? 1 Hepatitis B # 3 2 Inactive poliovirus # 3 3 Measles, mumps, and rubella # 1 4 Haemophilus influenza type B # 2 2 The nurse would prepare education for the parents of a 4-year old child for the inactive poliovirus # 3 as this is administered to children between 4 to 6 years of age. Hepatitis B # 3 is administered to children between 6 and 18 months of age. The first measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is administered to children between 12 and 15 months of age. The second haemophilus influenza type B is administered to children 6 months after the first vaccine, which is administered at 12 months of age. Which questions should the nurse include when conducting a health history interview with the parents of a 4-year-old client to assess fine motor skills? Select all that apply. 1 "Is your child able to use scissors?" 2 "Is your child able to ride a tricycle?" 3 "Is your child able to tie shoe laces?" 4 "Is your child able to climb stairs using alternate feet?" 5 "Is your child able to build a tower using 9 or 10 blocks?" 1, 3 Fine motor skills expected at 4 years of age include using scissors and being able to tie shoe laces; therefore, these questions are appropriate during the health history interview. Riding a tricycle is a gross motor behavior that is expected by 3 years of age. Climbing steps using alternate feet is a gross, not fine, motor skill that is expected by 4 years of age. Building a tower using 9 or 10 blocks is a fine motor skill expected by age 3, not age 4. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds 12/42 Which major gross motor development skills would the nurse expect to see demonstrated during a teaching session with parents of a 12-month old client who is entering the toddler stage of developm ent? 1 Walking alone 2 Drawing a stick figure person 3 Showing interest in cooperative play 4 Beginning to develop object permanence 1 At what age is a toddler age client physiologically and psychologically prepared for toilet training? 1 13 months 2 16 months 3 19 months 4 22 months 4 The 22-month-old toddler-age client is both physiologically and psychologically prepared for toilet training. The 13-month-old, the 16-month old, and the 19-month old are not yet physiologically and psychologically prepared for toilet training. 10/5/25, 8:52 PM 1 Evolve HESI Peds Which vaccine may cause intussusception in children? 1 Rotavirus 2 Hepatitis 3 Measles, mumps, and rubella 4 Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis Rotavirus vaccines very rarely cause intussusception, a form of bowel obstruction in which the bowel telescopes in on itself. Hepatitis vaccines can cause anaphylactic reactions. The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine may cause thrombocytopenia. The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine carries a small risk of causing acute encephalopathy, convulsions, and a shock-like state. Which theory states that a child's growth pattern is related to gene activity? 1 Gesell's theory 2 Piaget's theory 3 Erikson's theory 4 Havinghurst's theory 1 Gesell's theory of development states that each child's pattern of growth is unique and that this pattern is directed by gene activity. Piaget's theory of cognitive development comprises four periods related to age: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations. Erikson's theory of psychosocial development states that an individual needs to accomplish a particular task before mastering the stage and progressing to the next one. Havinghurst's theory of stage crisis is based on developmental tasks. This theory incorporates three primary sources for developmental tasks: tasks that surface because of physical maturation, tasks that evolve from personal values, and tasks that are a result of pressures from society. 4 What stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development defines "right" by the decision of the conscience? Kohlberg's theory of moral development consists of six stages. Universal ethical principle orientation is the sixth stage. It defines "right" by the decision of the conscience in accordance with self-chosen ethical principles. Social contract 1 Social contract orientation 2 Society-maintaining orientation is the fifth stage of Kohlberg's theory. 13/42 10/5/25, 8:52 PM Evolve HESI Peds orientation 3 Instrumental relativist orientation 4 Universal ethical principle orientation During this stage, an individual follows societal law but recognizes the possibility of changing the law to improve society. Society-maintaining orientation stage is the fourth stage. Individuals expand their focus from a relationship with others to societal concerns during this stage. Instrumental relativist orientation is the second stage. In this stage, the child recognizes that there is more than one right view. A nurse is educating the parents of a preschooler about the importance of play in the development of their child. Which statements should the nurse include for 1, 2, 3 A child should be encouraged to play because this activity helps the child to socialize with others, learn to understand other points of view, develop skills in solving social problems, and release frustration. Imaginary playmates are a sign of health and allow the child to distinguish between reality adequate teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "Playing helps the child to socialize with others." 2 "Pretend play allows children to learn to understand others." 3 "Playing helps the child to release frustration." 4 "If the child fantasizes about imaginary playmates, introduce him or her to reality." 5 "The child should completely avoid television, video games, and computer programs." and fantasy; this type of play should not be discouraged. Television, video games, and computer programs also support development and the learning of basic skills. 14/42 10/5/25, 8:52 PM 2, 4, 5 Evolve HESI Peds The nurse is conducting a health assessment for a school-age child who is new to the pediatric practice. Which questions should the nurse ask the child and parents related to growth? Select all that apply. 1 "What grade are you currently attending?" 2 "At what age did your child cut his or her first tooth?" 3 "Do you have a best friend at your new school?" 4 "What was your child's approximate length at 1 year of age?" 5 "What was your child's approximate weight at 6 months, 1, 2, and 5 years of age?" The nurse is planning care for a 2-month- old infant who is diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Which activities may inhibit the infant's ability to learn through sensorimotor experiences? Select all that apply. 1 Oxygen therapy by tent 2 Frequent arterial blood gases (ABG) 3 Overinvolvement of the All of these questions are appropriate when conducting an assessment for a child who is new to the pediatric practice to collect information regarding the child's history. The questions that are appropriate to assess growth include: asking the parents when the child cut his or her first tooth; asking the parents the child's approximate length at 1 year of age; and asking the parents the child's approximate weight at 6 months, 1, 2, and 5 years of age. Asking the child what grade he or she is in and if he or she has a best friend is more appropriate when collecting information about the child's development.