NSG 6430 week1 Newest 2025/2026 Complete
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Terms in this set (179)
What 3 hormonal axes are 1) Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis
attributed to most 2) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA)
physical changes in 3) Growth hormone (GH) axis
adolescents?
1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), also
called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
What hormones are
(LHRH)
attributed to
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Hypothalamic-pituitary-
3. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
GONADAL (HPG) axis?
4. Estrogen
5. Testosterone
What hormones are 1. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
attributed to 2. Dehydroepiandrosterone (ACTH)
Hypothalamic-pituitary- 3. DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S)
ADRENAL axis (HPA)?
What hormones are 1. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
attributed to Growth 2. Growth hormone (GH)
hormone (GH)?axis 3. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)
, three distinct changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary
unit:
(1) a nocturnal sleep-related augmentation of pulsatile
What is thought to be LH secretion;
three distinct changes in (2) a decrease in the sensitivity of the hypothalamus
the hypothalamic-pituitary and the pituitary to estradiol and testosterone, so that
unit that may trigger the gonadotropins LH and FSH begin to increase; and
puberty? (3) in the female, development of a positive feedback
system, whereby critical levels of estrogen trigger a
large release of GnRH, stimulating LH to initiate
ovulation.
What scale allows for the Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR) scale (also called the
accurate classification of Tanner scale)
physical pubertal
maturation
1. Thelarche
Girls major events of
2. Growth Spurt
puberty
3. Menarche
Often the earliest physical sign of puberty in girls,
although a minority develop pubic hair as the first
Thelarche sign. On average, breast development starts at age
10.0 for Caucasian girls and 8.9 years for African-
American girls
Thelarche and pubarche (pubic hair) may both be
preceded by about 1 year by the growth spurt; thus
Growth Spurt
the growth curve is an essential tool in the evaluation
of precocious puberty.
This event usually occurs during SMR B3 or B4 and
Menarche about 3.3 years after the growth spurt, or roughly 2
years after breast budding.
What is the average length 4 years, but it can range from 1.5 to 8 years
of time for completion of
puberty ?
, Testicular Growth: The first physical sign of puberty in
What is the first physical
the majority of boys is increased testicular volume,
sign of puberty in the
although the most noticeable first event of male
majority of boys ?
puberty is the growth of pubic hair
2. Growth Spurt: Midpuberty, or the time of rising
testosterone concentrations, is associated with the
period of most rapid linear growth in boys, in contrast
to the early growth spurt in girls. It is also at this time
that the voice changes axillary hair appears, and
possibly also acne. Facial hair growth typically starts
about 3 years after pubic hair growth. The hair on the
What are other signs of
face, chest, back, and abdomen may continue to
male puberty?
appear throughout and beyond puberty into
adulthood, its amount and distribution being quite
variable and dependent on ethnicity and family
patterns.
3. Attainment of Fertility: Ejaculation usually occurs at
SMR G3, as does the first evidence of spermarche, but
fertility is not usually attained until SMR G4.
average length of time for the completion of puberty
is 3 years, but it can range from 2 to 5 years.
Genital development is initiated at about 10.1 years for
What is the average length
white boys, 9.5 years for African-American boys, and
of time for completion of
10.4 years for Mexican-American boys, with
puberty for boys?
completion of puberty at 15.9 years in white boys, 15.7
years in African-American boys, and 14.9 years in
Mexican-American boys.
The target tissues of LH and FSH are the ovaries and
testes, which produce estradiol and testosterone,
Gonadal Steroids respectively. Testicular Leydig cells also produce
androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol,
but to a much lesser extent.
Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers)|Brand New Version!
Save
Terms in this set (179)
What 3 hormonal axes are 1) Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis
attributed to most 2) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA)
physical changes in 3) Growth hormone (GH) axis
adolescents?
1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), also
called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
What hormones are
(LHRH)
attributed to
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Hypothalamic-pituitary-
3. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
GONADAL (HPG) axis?
4. Estrogen
5. Testosterone
What hormones are 1. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
attributed to 2. Dehydroepiandrosterone (ACTH)
Hypothalamic-pituitary- 3. DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S)
ADRENAL axis (HPA)?
What hormones are 1. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
attributed to Growth 2. Growth hormone (GH)
hormone (GH)?axis 3. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)
, three distinct changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary
unit:
(1) a nocturnal sleep-related augmentation of pulsatile
What is thought to be LH secretion;
three distinct changes in (2) a decrease in the sensitivity of the hypothalamus
the hypothalamic-pituitary and the pituitary to estradiol and testosterone, so that
unit that may trigger the gonadotropins LH and FSH begin to increase; and
puberty? (3) in the female, development of a positive feedback
system, whereby critical levels of estrogen trigger a
large release of GnRH, stimulating LH to initiate
ovulation.
What scale allows for the Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR) scale (also called the
accurate classification of Tanner scale)
physical pubertal
maturation
1. Thelarche
Girls major events of
2. Growth Spurt
puberty
3. Menarche
Often the earliest physical sign of puberty in girls,
although a minority develop pubic hair as the first
Thelarche sign. On average, breast development starts at age
10.0 for Caucasian girls and 8.9 years for African-
American girls
Thelarche and pubarche (pubic hair) may both be
preceded by about 1 year by the growth spurt; thus
Growth Spurt
the growth curve is an essential tool in the evaluation
of precocious puberty.
This event usually occurs during SMR B3 or B4 and
Menarche about 3.3 years after the growth spurt, or roughly 2
years after breast budding.
What is the average length 4 years, but it can range from 1.5 to 8 years
of time for completion of
puberty ?
, Testicular Growth: The first physical sign of puberty in
What is the first physical
the majority of boys is increased testicular volume,
sign of puberty in the
although the most noticeable first event of male
majority of boys ?
puberty is the growth of pubic hair
2. Growth Spurt: Midpuberty, or the time of rising
testosterone concentrations, is associated with the
period of most rapid linear growth in boys, in contrast
to the early growth spurt in girls. It is also at this time
that the voice changes axillary hair appears, and
possibly also acne. Facial hair growth typically starts
about 3 years after pubic hair growth. The hair on the
What are other signs of
face, chest, back, and abdomen may continue to
male puberty?
appear throughout and beyond puberty into
adulthood, its amount and distribution being quite
variable and dependent on ethnicity and family
patterns.
3. Attainment of Fertility: Ejaculation usually occurs at
SMR G3, as does the first evidence of spermarche, but
fertility is not usually attained until SMR G4.
average length of time for the completion of puberty
is 3 years, but it can range from 2 to 5 years.
Genital development is initiated at about 10.1 years for
What is the average length
white boys, 9.5 years for African-American boys, and
of time for completion of
10.4 years for Mexican-American boys, with
puberty for boys?
completion of puberty at 15.9 years in white boys, 15.7
years in African-American boys, and 14.9 years in
Mexican-American boys.
The target tissues of LH and FSH are the ovaries and
testes, which produce estradiol and testosterone,
Gonadal Steroids respectively. Testicular Leydig cells also produce
androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol,
but to a much lesser extent.
