2026
,Table of Contents
How to Use This Book
Barron’s Essential 5
Exam Overview
PART 1: DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Diagnostic Test
Answer Explanations
AP Score for the Diagnostic Test
Study Guide for the Diagnostic Test Multiple-Choice Questions
PART 2: UNITS REVIEW
UNIT 1: Exploring One-Variable Data
Categorical Variables
Representing a Quantitative Variable with Tables and Graphs
Describing the Distribution of a Quantitative Variable
Quiz 1
Summary Statistics for a Quantitative Variable
Graphical Representations of Summary Statistics
Comparing Distributions of a Quantitative Variable
Quiz 2
The Normal Distribution
Quiz 3
Summary
,UNIT 2: Exploring Two-Variable Data
Two Categorical Variables
Quiz 4
Two Quantitative Variables
Correlation
Least Squares Regression
Residuals
Outliers, Influential Points, and Leverage
More on Regression
Transformations to Achieve Linearity
Quiz 5
Quiz 6
Summary
UNIT 3: Collecting Data
Retrospective Versus Prospective Observational Studies
Bias
Sampling Methods
Sampling Variability
Quiz 7
Experiments Versus Observational Studies
The Language of Experiments
Replication and Generalizability of Results
Inference and Experiments
Quiz 8
Use Correct Terminology!
Summary
UNIT 4: Probability, Random Variables, and
Probability Distributions
, The Law of Large Numbers
Basic Probability Rules
Multistage Probability Calculations
Quiz 9
Random Variables, Means (Expected Values), and Standard
Deviations
Means and Variances for Sums and Differences of Random
Variables
Transforming Random Variables
Quiz 10
Binomial Distribution
Geometric Distribution
Quiz 11
Cumulative Probability Distribution
Summary
UNIT 5: Sampling Distributions
Normal Distribution Calculations
Quiz 12
Central Limit Theorem
Biased and Unbiased Estimators
Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions
Sampling Distribution for Differences in Sample Proportions
Sampling Distribution for Sample Means
Sampling Distribution for Differences in Sample Means
Simulation of a Sampling Distribution
Quiz 13
Summary
,Table of Contents
How to Use This Book
Barron’s Essential 5
Exam Overview
PART 1: DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Diagnostic Test
Answer Explanations
AP Score for the Diagnostic Test
Study Guide for the Diagnostic Test Multiple-Choice Questions
PART 2: UNITS REVIEW
UNIT 1: Exploring One-Variable Data
Categorical Variables
Representing a Quantitative Variable with Tables and Graphs
Describing the Distribution of a Quantitative Variable
Quiz 1
Summary Statistics for a Quantitative Variable
Graphical Representations of Summary Statistics
Comparing Distributions of a Quantitative Variable
Quiz 2
The Normal Distribution
Quiz 3
Summary
,UNIT 2: Exploring Two-Variable Data
Two Categorical Variables
Quiz 4
Two Quantitative Variables
Correlation
Least Squares Regression
Residuals
Outliers, Influential Points, and Leverage
More on Regression
Transformations to Achieve Linearity
Quiz 5
Quiz 6
Summary
UNIT 3: Collecting Data
Retrospective Versus Prospective Observational Studies
Bias
Sampling Methods
Sampling Variability
Quiz 7
Experiments Versus Observational Studies
The Language of Experiments
Replication and Generalizability of Results
Inference and Experiments
Quiz 8
Use Correct Terminology!
Summary
UNIT 4: Probability, Random Variables, and
Probability Distributions
, The Law of Large Numbers
Basic Probability Rules
Multistage Probability Calculations
Quiz 9
Random Variables, Means (Expected Values), and Standard
Deviations
Means and Variances for Sums and Differences of Random
Variables
Transforming Random Variables
Quiz 10
Binomial Distribution
Geometric Distribution
Quiz 11
Cumulative Probability Distribution
Summary
UNIT 5: Sampling Distributions
Normal Distribution Calculations
Quiz 12
Central Limit Theorem
Biased and Unbiased Estimators
Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions
Sampling Distribution for Differences in Sample Proportions
Sampling Distribution for Sample Means
Sampling Distribution for Differences in Sample Means
Simulation of a Sampling Distribution
Quiz 13
Summary
