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HFHS Critical Care Exam 2025/2026 – 100+ Expert Questions & Answers | Hemodynamics, ECG, ABG, Ventilation Modes, Electrolytes, Meds

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This document provides a comprehensive bank of over 100 critical care questions with expert-verified answers, designed for the HFHS Critical Care Exam for the 2025/2026 academic cycle. Tailored for ICU nurses, CCRN candidates, and acute care nursing students, this study guide covers high-stakes knowledge areas in hemodynamic monitoring, arrhythmia management, mechanical ventilation, electrolyte imbalances, and emergency pharmacology. Key content includes: Hemodynamic Norms & Interpretation: CVP, PAP, PAOP, SVR, SVO2, CO/CI, ejection fraction, preload/afterload/contractility Electrocardiogram (ECG) Mastery: PR, QRS, QT intervals, SVT, A-fib, V-tach, V-fib, torsades de pointes, energy levels for defibrillation and cardioversion Arterial Blood Gases (ABG): values, compensation patterns, and clinical causes of metabolic/respiratory acidosis and alkalosis Mechanical Ventilation: detailed breakdown of AC, SIMV, IMV, CPAP, BiPAP, PSV, APRV, and PEEP – modes, indications, pros/cons Critical Medications: Amiodarone, Atropine, Epinephrine, Vasopressin, Nitroglycerin, Nitroprusside, Lidocaine, Adenosine, Dobutamine, Dopamine – uses, dosages, effects Electrolyte Imbalances: hypo/hyper-kalemia, magnesemia, calcemia, natremia, chloremia – with ECG changes and symptom profiles Neuro & Trauma Emergencies: signs, causes, and treatments for increased ICP, brain herniation, DI, spinal cord injury complications, and autonomic dysreflexia Ventilator-Associated Event (VAE) Bundle: sedation, positioning, prophylaxis, and oxygenation strategies Recommended for: ICU nurses and clinical educators within Henry Ford Health and similar critical care programs CCRN and acute care certification candidates Advanced practice nursing students in trauma, neuro, or cardiopulmonary rotations Medical-surgical nurses transitioning into ICU or emergency roles This is a top-tier, in-depth reference for building safe, evidence-based critical care judgment and medication competence. Ideal for high-stakes exam prep and real-world clinical readiness. Keywords: critical care nursing exam, HFHS ICU, cardiac output values, PAOP wedge pressure, ECG intervals, cardioversion joules, ABG compensation, SVT treatment, torsades de pointes, ventilation modes, assist control, APRV, CPAP BiPAP, PEEP pros cons, electrolyte imbalance ECG, amiodarone uses, vasopressors ICU, ICP management, autonomic dysreflexia, CCRN exam prep

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HFHS Critical Care Exam 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Answers | A+ Score
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Normal Length for PR, QRS, and QT intervals. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔PR 0.12-

0.20 sec, QRS 0.08-0.12 sec, and QT interval less than or = to 450 ms or

half the R-R interval


Big box on ECG readings = ___ seconds? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔0.20 seconds


Little boxes on ECG readings = ____ seconds? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔0.04

seconds

The mA that achieves capture is the _______ _________ - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔pacing threshold


Defibrillation energy settings (biphasic and monophasic) - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔biphasic 120-200 j and monophasic 360 j

,Synchronized Cardioversion energy settings for SVT or aflutter, for afib,

and for monomorphic VT (biphasic and monophasic) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔SVT

or aflutter-biphasic 50-100 j & monophasic 200 j

Afib-biphasic 120-200 j & monophasic 200 j

Monomorphic VT-biphasic 100 j & monophasic 100 j


Vtach treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Synchronized cardioversion and

Antiarrhythmic such as Amiodarone (150-300 mg) and/or lidocaine


Vfib treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Defibrillation also can load them up with

Amiodarone


SVT treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Vasovagal maneuvers, carotid massage,

Adenosine (if BP is good) 6 mg for first dose and then 12 mg for the second

dose, or synchronized cardioversion


Torsades treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Synchronized cardioverison (if

regular) or defibrillation (if irregular) and administer Mg (treating underlying

cause)


Anatomical location of Cardiac Assessment Landmarks - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔

, Pulse pressure calculation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Difference between the

systolic and diastolic pressure for example 120/60 the pulse pressure is 60!


Cardiac output normal values - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔4-8 Liters per minute

(formula is Stroke Volume x Heart Rate)


Cardiac Index normal values - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2.5-4 L/min/m2 (formula is

Cardiac output divided by Body Surface Area aka need ht and wt)

Central Venous Pressure or Right Atrial Pressure normal values - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔2-6 mmHg or 2-8 cm H2O


Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (PAP) normal values - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) 15-30 mmHg


Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) 5-15 mmHg

Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) 9-18 mmHg

Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) AKA Wedge normal values -

🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Similar to CVP or RAP and the diastolic pulmonary artery

pressure will reflect this value closely... PAOP 6-12 mmHg


Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) normal values - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔800-

1200

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