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NSG 530 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 (2025)
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED SOLUTIONS ( MULTIPLE CHOICES) |100%
CORRECT!!
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium,
ammonium, and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir - (ANSWER)B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle.
Which condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma - (ANSWER)A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
, 2
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. - (ANSWER)B) Symptoms include
painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria
in the urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary
tract that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria - (ANSWER)B) Pyelonephritis
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella - (ANSWER)C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema
and vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis - (ANSWER)Nephrotic syndrome
, 3
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal
surface of the penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction - (ANSWER)Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and
receding chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis - (ANSWER)Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement
regarding this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. - (ANSWER)The exact mechanism of
immune complexes is unknown.
, 4
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and
abdominal pain. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy - (ANSWER)Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli - (ANSWER)Fusion of the glomerular foot
processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal
pain. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis. - (ANSWER)acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
NSG 530 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 (2025)
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED SOLUTIONS ( MULTIPLE CHOICES) |100%
CORRECT!!
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium,
ammonium, and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir - (ANSWER)B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle.
Which condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma - (ANSWER)A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
, 2
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. - (ANSWER)B) Symptoms include
painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria
in the urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary
tract that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria - (ANSWER)B) Pyelonephritis
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella - (ANSWER)C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema
and vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis - (ANSWER)Nephrotic syndrome
, 3
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal
surface of the penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction - (ANSWER)Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and
receding chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis - (ANSWER)Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement
regarding this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. - (ANSWER)The exact mechanism of
immune complexes is unknown.
, 4
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and
abdominal pain. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy - (ANSWER)Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli - (ANSWER)Fusion of the glomerular foot
processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal
pain. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis. - (ANSWER)acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
