NSG-316 Exam 3 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!
what does the first heart sound indicate? - correct answer closure of the AV valves (beginning
of systole)
what does the second heart sound indicate? - correct answer closure of the semilunar valves
(end of systole)
what does the third heart sound indicate? - correct answer ventricular gallop, occurs with heart
failure and volume overload
what does the fourth heart sound indicate? - correct answer atrial gallop, occurs with coronary
artery disease
what conditions create a murmur? - correct answer increased velocity of blood, decreased
blood viscosity (ex anemia), unusual openings occur in the chambers (ex dilated
chamber/septal defect), and structural defects in the valves (ex stenotic/narrowed valve, or an
incompetent/regurgitant valve)
what does the P wave indicate? - correct answer atrial depolarization
what happens during the PR interval? - correct answer atrial depolarization and the impulse
travels through the AV node to the ventricles
what happens during the QRS complex? - correct answer depolarization of the ventricles
what happens during the T wave? - correct answer repolarization of the ventricles
What is cardiac output? - correct answer the volume of blood in each systole times the number
of beats per minute
what lifestyle factors could affect the development of cardiovascular disease? - correct answer
smoking, diet, alcohol use, exercise, and stress
what is the term for the thickening/stiffening of the large arteries? - correct answer
arteriosclerosis
What is angina pectoris? - correct answer chest pain caused by inadequate flow of blood and
oxygen to the heart
what is dyspnea? - correct answer difficulty breathing/shortness of breath
What is orthopnea? - correct answer difficulty breathing while lying down
,what is a bruit? - correct answer blowing, swishing sound indicating blood flow turbulence and
is a marker for atherosclerosis
where do you place your stethoscope to listen for bruits on the carotid artery? - correct answer
angle of the jaw
midcervical area
base of the neck
how do you distinugish the internal jugular pulse from the carotid pulse? - correct answer it is
lower and more lateral, varies with respiration, not palpable, and drops/disappears when a
person sits up.
what is a heave? - correct answer More prominent thrust of the heart against the chest wall
during systole (ventricular hypertrophy-->increased workload)
where can you find the apical pulse? - correct answer 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line
what conditions cause the apical pulse to become unpalpable? - correct answer pulmonary
emphysema (overriding lungs), position, obsesity, and thick chest walls
what conditions cause the apical pulse to become stronger? - correct answer anxiety, fever,
hyperthyroidism, and anemia
What is a thrill? - correct answer palpable vibration, which signifies turbulent blood flow
where is the aortic valve area? - correct answer second right interspace at the right sternal
border
where is the pulmonic valve area? - correct answer second left intercostal space at the left
sternal border
where is the tricuspid valve area? - correct answer left lower sternal border
where is the mitral valve area? - correct answer fifth interspace at around left midclavicular line
what part of the stethoscope should you use to listen for bruits? - correct answer the bell
in what age group(s) is sinus arrhythmia normal? - correct answer young adults and children
what is a premature beat? - correct answer either an isolated beat is early, or when a pattern
occurs in which every third or fourth beat sounds early
what does it mean to be irregularly irregular? - correct answer no pattern to the heart sounds
(ex atrial fibrillation)
how do you check for a pulse deficit? - correct answer Auscultate the apical beat while
simultaneously palpating the radial pulse
, -Count of apical beat and radial pulse; every beat heard at the apex should perfuse the
periphery and be palpable; counts should be identical
If not, apical rate - radial rate = pulse deficit
what does a pulse deficit signify? - correct answer weak contraction of the ventricles (ex atrial
fibrillation, premature beats, and heart failure)
at which part of the heart is the S1 sound loudest? - correct answer the apex
at which part of the heart is the S2 sound loudest? - correct answer the base
what conditions cause S1 and S2 to be diminished? - correct answer emphysema, obesity, and
pericardial fluid
what location is normal to have a split S2 sound? - correct answer pulmonic valve area (due to
the closure of the two valves)
what is a fixed split? - correct answer unaffected by respiration
what is a paradoxical split? - correct answer when the sounds fuse on inspiration and split on
expiration
Is a split S1 sound normal? - correct answer yes, but rare
What does a midsystolic click indicate? - correct answer mitral valve prolapse
what do you call a murmur that is heard during systole? - correct answer pansystolic
what do you call a murmur that can be heard during diastole? - correct answer
pandiastolic/holosystolic
what do you call a murmur that can be heard throughout the cardiac event? - correct answer
holodiastolic
which murmur always indicates heart disease? - correct answer diastolic murmur
how do you describe the loudness of a murmur? - correct answer grade 1- barely audible,
heard only in a quiet room with difficulty
grade 2- clearly audible but faint
grade 3- moderately loud, easy to hear
grade 4- loud, associated with a thrill palpable on the chest wall
grade 5- very loud, heard with one corner of the stethoscope lifted off the chest wall,
associated thrill
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!
what does the first heart sound indicate? - correct answer closure of the AV valves (beginning
of systole)
what does the second heart sound indicate? - correct answer closure of the semilunar valves
(end of systole)
what does the third heart sound indicate? - correct answer ventricular gallop, occurs with heart
failure and volume overload
what does the fourth heart sound indicate? - correct answer atrial gallop, occurs with coronary
artery disease
what conditions create a murmur? - correct answer increased velocity of blood, decreased
blood viscosity (ex anemia), unusual openings occur in the chambers (ex dilated
chamber/septal defect), and structural defects in the valves (ex stenotic/narrowed valve, or an
incompetent/regurgitant valve)
what does the P wave indicate? - correct answer atrial depolarization
what happens during the PR interval? - correct answer atrial depolarization and the impulse
travels through the AV node to the ventricles
what happens during the QRS complex? - correct answer depolarization of the ventricles
what happens during the T wave? - correct answer repolarization of the ventricles
What is cardiac output? - correct answer the volume of blood in each systole times the number
of beats per minute
what lifestyle factors could affect the development of cardiovascular disease? - correct answer
smoking, diet, alcohol use, exercise, and stress
what is the term for the thickening/stiffening of the large arteries? - correct answer
arteriosclerosis
What is angina pectoris? - correct answer chest pain caused by inadequate flow of blood and
oxygen to the heart
what is dyspnea? - correct answer difficulty breathing/shortness of breath
What is orthopnea? - correct answer difficulty breathing while lying down
,what is a bruit? - correct answer blowing, swishing sound indicating blood flow turbulence and
is a marker for atherosclerosis
where do you place your stethoscope to listen for bruits on the carotid artery? - correct answer
angle of the jaw
midcervical area
base of the neck
how do you distinugish the internal jugular pulse from the carotid pulse? - correct answer it is
lower and more lateral, varies with respiration, not palpable, and drops/disappears when a
person sits up.
what is a heave? - correct answer More prominent thrust of the heart against the chest wall
during systole (ventricular hypertrophy-->increased workload)
where can you find the apical pulse? - correct answer 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line
what conditions cause the apical pulse to become unpalpable? - correct answer pulmonary
emphysema (overriding lungs), position, obsesity, and thick chest walls
what conditions cause the apical pulse to become stronger? - correct answer anxiety, fever,
hyperthyroidism, and anemia
What is a thrill? - correct answer palpable vibration, which signifies turbulent blood flow
where is the aortic valve area? - correct answer second right interspace at the right sternal
border
where is the pulmonic valve area? - correct answer second left intercostal space at the left
sternal border
where is the tricuspid valve area? - correct answer left lower sternal border
where is the mitral valve area? - correct answer fifth interspace at around left midclavicular line
what part of the stethoscope should you use to listen for bruits? - correct answer the bell
in what age group(s) is sinus arrhythmia normal? - correct answer young adults and children
what is a premature beat? - correct answer either an isolated beat is early, or when a pattern
occurs in which every third or fourth beat sounds early
what does it mean to be irregularly irregular? - correct answer no pattern to the heart sounds
(ex atrial fibrillation)
how do you check for a pulse deficit? - correct answer Auscultate the apical beat while
simultaneously palpating the radial pulse
, -Count of apical beat and radial pulse; every beat heard at the apex should perfuse the
periphery and be palpable; counts should be identical
If not, apical rate - radial rate = pulse deficit
what does a pulse deficit signify? - correct answer weak contraction of the ventricles (ex atrial
fibrillation, premature beats, and heart failure)
at which part of the heart is the S1 sound loudest? - correct answer the apex
at which part of the heart is the S2 sound loudest? - correct answer the base
what conditions cause S1 and S2 to be diminished? - correct answer emphysema, obesity, and
pericardial fluid
what location is normal to have a split S2 sound? - correct answer pulmonic valve area (due to
the closure of the two valves)
what is a fixed split? - correct answer unaffected by respiration
what is a paradoxical split? - correct answer when the sounds fuse on inspiration and split on
expiration
Is a split S1 sound normal? - correct answer yes, but rare
What does a midsystolic click indicate? - correct answer mitral valve prolapse
what do you call a murmur that is heard during systole? - correct answer pansystolic
what do you call a murmur that can be heard during diastole? - correct answer
pandiastolic/holosystolic
what do you call a murmur that can be heard throughout the cardiac event? - correct answer
holodiastolic
which murmur always indicates heart disease? - correct answer diastolic murmur
how do you describe the loudness of a murmur? - correct answer grade 1- barely audible,
heard only in a quiet room with difficulty
grade 2- clearly audible but faint
grade 3- moderately loud, easy to hear
grade 4- loud, associated with a thrill palpable on the chest wall
grade 5- very loud, heard with one corner of the stethoscope lifted off the chest wall,
associated thrill
