A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 11TH EDITION
nn nn nn nn nn nn
Patrick J. Hurley
nn nn
,Chapter 1 Test A
nn nn nn
MULTIPLE nnCHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS: nnThe nnfollowing nnselections nnrelate nnto nndistinguishing nnarguments nnfrom
nnnonarguments nnand nnidentifying nnconclusions. nnSelect nnthe nnbest nnanswer nnfor nneach.
1. There nnappears nnto nnbe nna nngrowing nnhappiness nngap nnbetween nnmen nnand nnwomen. nnWomen nntoday
nnare nnworking nnmore nnand nnrelaxing nnless, nnwhile nnmen nnare nnworking nnless nnand nnrelaxing nnmore.
nnForty nnyears nnago nna nntypical nnwoman nnspent nn40 nnminutes nnmore nnper nnweek nnthan nnthe nntypical
nnman nnperforming nnan nnactivity nnconsidered nnunpleasant. nnToday, nnwith nnmen nnworking nnless, nnthe
nngap nnis nn90 nnminutes nnand nngrowing.
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnToday nn... nnthe nngap nnis nn90 nnminutes nnand
nngrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnForty nnyears nnago nn... nnan nnactivity nnconsidered
nnunpleasant.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThere nnappears nnto nnbe nn... nnbetween nnmen nnand
nnwomen.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnWomen nntoday nnare nnworking nnmore nnand nnrelaxing
nnless.
ANS: n n D PTS: nn n n 2
2. Lead nnis nntoxic, nnbut nndo nnyou nnknow nnwhy? nnLead nnis nntoxic nnmainly nnbecause nnit nnpreferentially
nnreplaces nnother nnmetals nnin nnbiochemical nnreactions. nnIn nnso nndoing nnit nninterferes nnwith nnthe nnproteins
nnthat nnregulate nnblood nnpressure nn(which nncan nncause nndevelopment nndelays nnin nnchildren nnand nnhigh
nnblood nnpressure nnin nnadults), nnheme nnproduction nn(which nncan nnlead nnto nnanemia), nnand nnsperm
nnproduction. nnLead nnalso nndisplaces nncalcium nnin nnthe nnreactions nnthat nntransmit nnelectrical nnimpulses
nnin nnthe nnbrain, nnwhich nndiminishes nnthe nnability nnto nnthink nnand nnrecall nninformation.
Anne nnMarie nnHelmstine, nn"Your nnGuide nnto
nnChemistry"
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIt nninterferes nnwith nnthe nnproteins nn... nnand nnsperm nnproduction.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnLead nnis nntoxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIt nnpreferentially nnreplaces nnother nnmetals nnin nnbiochemical
nnreactions.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnLead nnalso nndisplaces nncalcium nn... nnrecall nninformation.
ANS: n n C PTS: nn n n 2
3. Aristotle nnfocused nnon nnclarifying nnthe nnconcept nnof nnvirtue nnitself. nnHe nnargued nnthat nnit nnwas nnvirtuous
nnto nnchoose nnthe nnproper nnamount nnof nnemotion nnand/or nnaction nncalled nnfor nnin nna nnparticular
nnsituation nnand nnthat nnextremes nnof nnemotion nnand nnaction nnwere nnvices. nnIn nnall nncommunities nnthere
nnare nnsome nnmen nnof nnpractical nnwisdom nnwho nnhave nnthe nncapacity nnto nnjudge nnwisely. nnAristotle
nnargued nnthat nnthey nnhave nnthe nncapacity nnto nnfollow nnthe nn"right nnrule" nnwhatever nnthe nnsituation.
David nnCooper, nnValue nnPluralism nnand nnEthical
nnChoice
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIn nnall nncommunities nn... nncapacity nnto nnjudge nnwisely.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnAristotle nnfocused nnon nnclarifying nnthe nnconcept nnof
nnvirtue nnitself.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThey nnhave nnthe nncapacity nnto nnfollow nn... nnthe nnsituation.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnHe nnargued nnthat nnit nnwas nnvirtuous nn... nnwere nnvices
e. Nonargument.
1
, ANS: n n E PTS: nn n n 2
4. Illegal nnimmigrants nnpay nnlocal nnsales nntaxes, nnand nnmany nnof nnthem nnalso nnpay nnstate, nnlocal, nnand
nnfederal nnincome nntax nnand nnSocial nnSecurity nntax. nnThey nnalso nnpurchase nnitems nnfrom nnlocal
nnmerchants, nnincreasing nnthe nnamount nnthese nnmerchants nnpay nnin nntaxes. nnIn nnaddition, nnthey nnwork
nnfor nnlow nnsalaries, nnwhich nnincreases nnthe nnearnings nnof nntheir nnemployers nnand nnthe nnamount nnof
nntaxes nnthese nnemployers nnpay. nnThus, nnit nnis nnnot nncorrect nnto nnsay nnthat nnillegal nnimmigrants
nncontribute nnnothing nnto nnthe nncommunities nnin nnwhich nnthey nnlive.
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIt nnis nnnot nncorrect nnto nnsay nn... nncommunities nnin nnwhich
nnthey nnlive.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThey nnwork nnfor nnlow nnsalaries nn... nnthese
nnemployers nnpay.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIllegal nnimmigrants nnpay nn... nnSocial nnSecurity
nntax.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThey nnalso nnpurchase nnitems nn... nnpay nnin nntaxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: n n A PTS: nn n n 2
5. Numerous nnstudies nnhave nnindicated nnthat nnwomen nnof nncolor, nnblack nnwomen nnin nnparticular, nnare
nnover-arrested, nnover-indicted, nnand nnover-sentenced. nnAfrican-American nnwomen nnare nnseven nntimes
nnmore nnlikely nnto nnbe nnarrested nnfor nnprostitution nnthan nnwomen nnof nnother nnethnic nngroups. nnBlack
nnwomen nnhave nnreceived nnsignificantly nnlonger nnsentences nnfor nncrimes nnagainst nnproperty nnand
nnserved nnlonger nnperiods nnin nnprison. nnFor nnboth nnmurder nnand nndrug nnoffenses, nnEuroamerican
nnwomen nnended nnup nnserving nnone-third nnless nntime nnfor nnthe nnsame nnoffenses nnthan nnblack nnwomen.
Nancy nnKurshan, nn"Women nnand nnImprisonment nnin nnthe
nnU.S."
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnAfrican-American nnwomen nn... nnother nnethnic nngroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnFor nnboth nnmurder nnand nndrug nnoffenses nn... nnblack
nnwomen.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnNumerous nnstudies nnhave nnindicated nn... nnover-
sentenced.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnBlack nnwomen nnhave nnreceived nn... nnlonger nnperiods nnin
nnprison.
ANS: n n B PTS: nn n n 2
6. It's nneven nnmore nnimportant nnthese nndays nnthat nnyour nncomputer nnbe nnprotected nnby nna nnfirewall.
nnThere nnare nncriminal nnelements nnlurking nnin nnthe nnshadows nnof nncyberspace nnwho nnsend nnout nnprobes
nnto nndetect nnunprotected nnPCs. nnOnce nna nnvulnerable nncomputer nnis nnfound, nnthese nncriminals nninstall
nnsoftware nnthat nnassists nnthem nnin nncommitting nnidentity nntheft nnand nnfencing nnstolen nnIDs. nnThey
nnalso nndefraud nnonline nnadvertisers nnby nnusing nnthese nnzombie nncomputers nnto nnvisit nnpay-per-click
nnads.
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThere nnare nncriminal nnelements nn... nnto nndetect
nnunprotected nnPCs.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnOnce nna nnvulnerable nncomputer nn... nnfencing nnstolen
nnIDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThey nnalso nndefraud nn... nnto nnvisit nnpay-per-click nnads.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnIt's nneven nnmore nnimportant nn... nnprotected nnby nna
nnfirewall.
ANS: n n E PTS: nn n n 2
7. The nnearth nnis nnof nninterest nnto nnastronomy nnfor nnmany nnreasons. nnNearly nnall nnobservations nnmust nnbe
2
, nnmade nnthrough nnthe nnatmosphere, nnand nnthe nnphenomena nnof nnthe nnupper nnatmosphere nnand nnthe
nnmagnetosphere nnreflect nnthe nnstate nnof nninterplanetary nnspace. nnThe nnearth nnis nnalso nnthe nnmost
nnimportant nnobject nnof nncomparison nnfor nnplanetologists.
Hannu nnKarttunen, nnet nnal., nnFundamental
nnAstronomy
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThe nnphenomena nn... nnstate nnof nninterplanetary
nnspace.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThe nnearth nnis nnalso nn... nnfor nnplanetologists.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThe nnearth nnis nnof nninterest nnto nnastronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnNearly nnall nnobservations nn... nnthrough nnthe
nnatmosphere.
ANS: n n C PTS: nn n n 2
8. If nnthe nntrade nnin nntiger nnproducts nnis nnbanned, nntiger nnreserves nnare nnguarded nnby nnwell nnequipped
nnstaff, nncommunities nnabutting nntiger nnhabitat nnare nngiven nna nnstake nnin nnprotecting nntigers, nnand nnthe
nnmakers nnof nntraditional nnmedicines nncan nnbe nnpersuaded nnthat nntiger nnparts nnare nnnot nnneeded, nnthen
nntiger nnpoaching nnwill nnbe nnhalted, nnhabitat nnand nnlife nnsustaining nnprey nnwill nnbe nnrestored, nnand nnthe
nnimmanent nnextinction nnof nntigers nnin nnthe nnwild nnwill nnbe nnaverted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThe nntrade nnin nntiger nnproducts nnis nnbanned.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnTiger nnpoaching nnwill nnbe nnhalted.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThe nnmakers nnof nntraditional nnmedicines nn... nnnot
nnneeded.
e. Argument; nnconclusion: nnTiger nnpoaching nnwill nnbe nnhalted nn... nnwill nnbe
nnaverted.
ANS: n n A PTS: nn n n 2
9. Humans nnare nnbiological nnorganisms. nnTo nnunderstand nnour nnbehavior nnand nnmental nnprocesses, nnwe
nnneed nnto nnunderstand nntheir nnbiological nnunderpinnings, nnstarting nnwith nnthe nncellular nnlevel, nnthe
nnneuron. nnHow nnwe nnfeel, nnlearn, nnremember, nnand nnthink nnall nnstem nnfrom nnneuronal nnactivity. nnSo,
nnhow nna nnneuron nnworks nnand nnhow nnneurons nncommunicate nnare nncrucial nnpieces nnof nninformation
nnin nnsolving nnthe nnpuzzle nnof nnhuman nnbehavior nnand nnmental nnprocessing.
Richard nnGriggs, nnPsychology: nnA nnConcise
nnIntroduction
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnTo nnunderstand nnour nnbehavior nn... nnthe
nnneuron.
b. Argument; nnconclusion: nnHumans nnare nnbiological nnorganisms.
c. Argument; nnconclusion: nnHow nnwe nnfeel nn... nnneuronal nnactivity.
d. Argument; nnconclusion: nnHow nna nnneuron nnworks nn... nnmental
nnprocessing.
e. Nonargument.
ANS: n n D PTS: nn n n 2
10. Viruses nnare nnacellular nnentities nntoo nnsmall nnto nnbe nnseen nnwith nna nnlight nnmicroscope. nnThey nnare
nncomposed nnof nna nnnucleic nnacid nnand nna nnfew nnproteins. nnViruses nnreplicate nnthemselves nnand
nndisplay nnother nnproperties nnof nnliving nnorganisms nnonly nnwhen nnthey nnhave nninvaded nnliving nncells.
nnIndeed, nnsome nnviruses nncan nnbe nncrystallized nnand nnstored nnin nna nncontainer nnon nna nnshelf nnfor
nnyears, nnbut nnthey nnretain nnthe nncapacity nnto nninvade nncells nnand nncause nndisease.
Jacquelyn nnC. nnBlack, nnMicrobiology: nnPrinciples nnand
nnExplorations
a. Argument; nnconclusion: nnThey nnare nncomposed nnof nna nnnucleic nnacid nnand nna nnfew
nnproteins.
3