Biomedical Statistics 322 (BST 322) Exam with ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
accurate detailed solutions ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Qualitative - correct answer✔✔Consists of verbal, narrative pieces of info. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Quantitative - correct answer✔✔Consists of info in numerical form. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
independent variable - correct answer✔✔Characteristics that the researcher controls or ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
manipulates according to the purpose of the study. What's changing. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Dependent variable - correct answer✔✔The outcome of interest, which should change in
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response to some intervention. The outcome. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Discrete Variable - correct answer✔✔Consists of separate, indivisible categories, with a
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finite number of values between any two points. Counted.
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Continuous variable - correct answer✔✔Is one that, at least in theory, can assume an ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
infinite number of values between any two points. Measured.
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Measurement - correct answer✔✔Involves assigning numbers to qualities of people or ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
objects to designate the quality of the attribute, according to a set of rules.
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Nominal Measurement - correct answer✔✔Lowest form of measurement, involves using
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numbers (or less frequently, alphabetical codes) as labels to name attributes and classify
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them into categories.
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, Ordinal measurement - correct answer✔✔Uses numbers to designate ordering on an
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attribute.
Interval measurement - correct answer✔✔Involves assigning numbers that indicate both
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ordering on an attribute, and the distance between score values on the attribute.
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ratio measurement - correct answer✔✔Similar to interval-level measurements, with in
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additional characteristic: the presence of a naturals, meaningful zero point. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Descriptive statistics - correct answer✔✔Used to describe and summarize data, help to ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
make data more comprehensible.
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Inferential statistics - correct answer✔✔Uses laws of probability to help researchers draw ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
objective conclusions about population characteristics, based on information samples.
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Population - correct answer✔✔The entire group of people with the real vent characteristics. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Sample - correct answer✔✔Subset of people with characteristics that are real want to the
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research question. ||/|\|||
Frequency distribution - correct answer✔✔Systematic arrangement of data values-from ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
lowest to highest or vice versa.
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Absolute frequencies - correct answer✔✔ ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Relative frequency - correct answer✔✔ ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Class Interval - correct answer✔✔Grouping together values in a set
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accurate detailed solutions ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Qualitative - correct answer✔✔Consists of verbal, narrative pieces of info. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Quantitative - correct answer✔✔Consists of info in numerical form. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
independent variable - correct answer✔✔Characteristics that the researcher controls or ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
manipulates according to the purpose of the study. What's changing. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Dependent variable - correct answer✔✔The outcome of interest, which should change in
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
response to some intervention. The outcome. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Discrete Variable - correct answer✔✔Consists of separate, indivisible categories, with a
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
finite number of values between any two points. Counted.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Continuous variable - correct answer✔✔Is one that, at least in theory, can assume an ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
infinite number of values between any two points. Measured.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Measurement - correct answer✔✔Involves assigning numbers to qualities of people or ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
objects to designate the quality of the attribute, according to a set of rules.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Nominal Measurement - correct answer✔✔Lowest form of measurement, involves using
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
numbers (or less frequently, alphabetical codes) as labels to name attributes and classify
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
them into categories.
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, Ordinal measurement - correct answer✔✔Uses numbers to designate ordering on an
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
attribute.
Interval measurement - correct answer✔✔Involves assigning numbers that indicate both
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
ordering on an attribute, and the distance between score values on the attribute.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
ratio measurement - correct answer✔✔Similar to interval-level measurements, with in
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
additional characteristic: the presence of a naturals, meaningful zero point. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Descriptive statistics - correct answer✔✔Used to describe and summarize data, help to ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
make data more comprehensible.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Inferential statistics - correct answer✔✔Uses laws of probability to help researchers draw ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
objective conclusions about population characteristics, based on information samples.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Population - correct answer✔✔The entire group of people with the real vent characteristics. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Sample - correct answer✔✔Subset of people with characteristics that are real want to the
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research question. ||/|\|||
Frequency distribution - correct answer✔✔Systematic arrangement of data values-from ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
lowest to highest or vice versa.
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Absolute frequencies - correct answer✔✔ ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Relative frequency - correct answer✔✔ ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
Class Interval - correct answer✔✔Grouping together values in a set
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