Bio 181 Grand Canyon University Quiz 6 LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 EXAM with COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SURE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GRADED AT A+ SCORE!! SURE GUARANTEED PASS!!

Bio 181 Grand Canyon University Quiz 6 LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 EXAM with COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SURE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GRADED AT A+ SCORE!! SURE GUARANTEED PASS!! In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe? - ANSWER b. Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form. Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine? - ANSWER a. 8% Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction? A) primase B) DNA ligase C) DNA polymerase III D) topoisomerase E) helicase - ANSWER DNA polymerase III An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements? A) primase, polymerase, ligase B) 3' RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 5' C) 5' RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3' D) DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III E) 5' DNA to 3' - ANSWER DNA polymerase I, DNA polymera At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is resent where the chain opens to form a replication fork: 3' C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5'. An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the following represents the primer sequence? - ANSWER d. 5' A C G U U A G G 3' The leading and the lagging strands differ in that - ANSWER a. the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction Which of the following helps to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated? - ANSWER d. single-strand binding proteins What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene? - ANSWER c. it introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA A frameshift mutation could result from - ANSWER e. either an insertion or a deletion of a base Hershey and Chase set out to determine what molecule served as the unit of inheritance. They completed a series of experiments in which E. coli was infected by a T2 virus. Which molecular component of the T2 virus actually ended up inside the cell? - ANSWER d. DNA Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of the following reasons? - ANSWER b. prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many release factor (RF) - ANSWER binds the stop codon in the A site in place of tRNA Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic eukaryotic gene expression, but does in eukaryotic gene expression? A) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are transcribed. B) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. C) A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end. D) Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun even a little. E) RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule. - ANSWER A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end. Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the A) binding of ribosomes to mRNA. B) shape of the A and P sites of ribosomes. C) bonding of the anticodon to the codon. D) attachment of amino acids to tRNAs. E) bonding of the anticodon to the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNAs. - ANSWER E bonding of the anticodon to the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNAs What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? A) It synthesizes RNA nucleotides to make a primer. B) It catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres. C) It joins Okazaki fragments together. D) It unwinds the parental double helix. E) It stabilizes the unwound parental DNA. - ANSWER It joins Okazaki fragments together What is the function of DNA polymerase III? A) to unwind the DNA helix during replication B) to seal together the broken ends of DNA strands C) to add nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand D) to degrade damaged DNA molecules E) to rejoin the two DNA strands (one new and one old) after replication - ANSWER to add nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand A new DNA strand elongates only in the 5' to 3' direction because A) DNA polymerase begins adding nucleotides at the 5' end of the template. B) Okazaki fragments prevent elongation in the 3' to 5' direction. C) the polarity of the DNA molecule prevents addition of nucleotides at the 3' end. D) replication must progress toward the replication fork. E) DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free 3' end. - ANSWER DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free 3' end. How do we describe transformation in bacteria? A) the creation of a strand of DNA from an RNA molecule B) the creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA molecule C) the infection of cells by a phage DNA molecule D) the type of semiconservative replication shown by DNA E) assimilation of external DNA into a cell - ANSWER assimilation of external DNA into a cell What is the function of topoisomerase? A) relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork B) elongating new DNA at a replication fork by adding nucleotides to the existing chain C) adding methyl groups to bases of DNA D) unwinding of the double helix E) stabilizing single-stranded DNA at the replication fork - ANSWER relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork se III