PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 NEWEST TEST BANK
UPDATE 2025\2026 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/WELL ANALYSED ALL
GRADED +
A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in
which of the following fluid compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Intravascular fluid
A 35-year-old male weighs 70 kg. Approximately how much of this weight is
ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER-42 L- the total volume of body water for a 70 kg
person is about 42 L (60%)
While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly
are at a higher risk for developing dehydration because they have a(n): -
CORRECT ANSWER-decreased muscle mass
Which of the following patients should the nurse assess for a decreased oncotic
pressure in the capillaries? A patient with: - CORRECT ANSWER-liver failure
Water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments is determined by: -
CORRECT ANSWER-osmotic forces
,The most common cause of pure water deficit is: - CORRECT ANSWER-A.
renal water loss
Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER-
Hypertonic hyponatremia
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and
depressed reflexes. His wife indicates that he does not follow the prescribed
diet and takes his medication sporadically. Lab results indicate hyperglycemia.
Which assessment finding is most likely to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-
decreased sodium
When taking care of a patient with hyperkalemia, which principle is priority?
Hyperkalemia causes a(n) _____ in resting membrane potential with _____
excitability of cardiac muscle. - CORRECT ANSWER-increase, increased
Which of the following patients is most prone to hypochloremia? A patient
with: - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased bicarbonate intake
Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for
hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Acute acidosis
Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term
potassium deficits? - CORRECT ANSWER-kidneys
A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle
weakness and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is
hypokalemic. Which of the following could be the cause of her condition? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Primary hyperaldosteronism
,A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness,
muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which
of the following could have caused his condition? - CORRECT ANSWER-
acidosis
A 60-year-old female is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment
finding should the nurse expect to observe? - CORRECT ANSWER-oliguria
Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering
system? - CORRECT ANSWER-carbonic acid and bicarbonate
A nurse recalls regulation of acid-base balance through removal or retention of
volatile acids is accomplished by the: - CORRECT ANSWER-lungs
Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 because carbonic acid and bicarbonate
exist in a ratio of: - CORRECT ANSWER-20:1
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Excessive loss of chloride (Cl)
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic
acidosis? A patient diagnosed with: - CORRECT ANSWER-renal failure
For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by: -
CORRECT ANSWER-hyperventilating
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT
ANSWER-pneumonia
, A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive
tiredness, shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal
decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help
to confirm the diagnosis of: - CORRECT ANSWER-respiratory acidosis
For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will
include: - CORRECT ANSWER-Kidney excretion of H+
A 55-year-old female presents to her primary care provider and reports
dizziness, confusion, and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal an
elevated pH, decreased PCO2, and slightly decreased HCO3. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Respiratory
alkalosis with renal compensation
Outcomes of laboratory tests include an elevated level of natriuretic peptides.
Which organ is the priority assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER-heart
A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a
hormone-secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor
secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse
expect? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER--Confusion
-Weakness
-Nausea
-Muscle twitching
The nurse would anticipate the patient with syndrome of inappropriate ADH
(SIADH) to demonstrate which of the following symptoms? (Select all that
apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER--Weakness
-Nausea
-Headache
UPDATE 2025\2026 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/WELL ANALYSED ALL
GRADED +
A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in
which of the following fluid compartments? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Intravascular fluid
A 35-year-old male weighs 70 kg. Approximately how much of this weight is
ICF? - CORRECT ANSWER-42 L- the total volume of body water for a 70 kg
person is about 42 L (60%)
While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly
are at a higher risk for developing dehydration because they have a(n): -
CORRECT ANSWER-decreased muscle mass
Which of the following patients should the nurse assess for a decreased oncotic
pressure in the capillaries? A patient with: - CORRECT ANSWER-liver failure
Water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments is determined by: -
CORRECT ANSWER-osmotic forces
,The most common cause of pure water deficit is: - CORRECT ANSWER-A.
renal water loss
Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia are associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER-
Hypertonic hyponatremia
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and
depressed reflexes. His wife indicates that he does not follow the prescribed
diet and takes his medication sporadically. Lab results indicate hyperglycemia.
Which assessment finding is most likely to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-
decreased sodium
When taking care of a patient with hyperkalemia, which principle is priority?
Hyperkalemia causes a(n) _____ in resting membrane potential with _____
excitability of cardiac muscle. - CORRECT ANSWER-increase, increased
Which of the following patients is most prone to hypochloremia? A patient
with: - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased bicarbonate intake
Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for
hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Acute acidosis
Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term
potassium deficits? - CORRECT ANSWER-kidneys
A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle
weakness and cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is
hypokalemic. Which of the following could be the cause of her condition? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Primary hyperaldosteronism
,A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness,
muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which
of the following could have caused his condition? - CORRECT ANSWER-
acidosis
A 60-year-old female is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment
finding should the nurse expect to observe? - CORRECT ANSWER-oliguria
Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering
system? - CORRECT ANSWER-carbonic acid and bicarbonate
A nurse recalls regulation of acid-base balance through removal or retention of
volatile acids is accomplished by the: - CORRECT ANSWER-lungs
Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 because carbonic acid and bicarbonate
exist in a ratio of: - CORRECT ANSWER-20:1
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Excessive loss of chloride (Cl)
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic
acidosis? A patient diagnosed with: - CORRECT ANSWER-renal failure
For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by: -
CORRECT ANSWER-hyperventilating
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT
ANSWER-pneumonia
, A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive
tiredness, shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal
decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help
to confirm the diagnosis of: - CORRECT ANSWER-respiratory acidosis
For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will
include: - CORRECT ANSWER-Kidney excretion of H+
A 55-year-old female presents to her primary care provider and reports
dizziness, confusion, and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal an
elevated pH, decreased PCO2, and slightly decreased HCO3. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Respiratory
alkalosis with renal compensation
Outcomes of laboratory tests include an elevated level of natriuretic peptides.
Which organ is the priority assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER-heart
A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a
hormone-secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor
secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse
expect? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER--Confusion
-Weakness
-Nausea
-Muscle twitching
The nurse would anticipate the patient with syndrome of inappropriate ADH
(SIADH) to demonstrate which of the following symptoms? (Select all that
apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER--Weakness
-Nausea
-Headache
