NURS 2400 TEST 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NURS 2400 TEST 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hyperglycemia Ps (test) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- polyuria

- polydipsia

- polyphagia



What are rapid acting insulin types - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- aspart (NovoRapid)

- Glulisine (Apidra)

- Lispro (Humalog)



What is the onset of rapid acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅10-15min



What is the peak of rapid acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-1.5hr



what is the duration of rapid acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3-5hr



What is a short acting insulin type? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Regular

(Humilin-R)

(Novolin grToronoto)



What is the onset of short acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅30-45min



What is the peak of short acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅2-3h



What is the duration of short acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅6.5hr



What is a a type of intermediate insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NPH

(Humilin-N)

(Novolin ge NPH)

,What is the onset of intermediate insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-3hr



What is the peak of intermediate insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅5-8hr



What is the duration of intermediate insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅14-18hr



What are the types of long acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅detemir (levemir)

glargine (lantus)



What is the onset of long acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1-2hr



What is the peak of long acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅levemir - 8-10hr

lantus - no peak



What is the duration of long acting insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅levemir - 12-24hr

lantus - 22-24hr



What are risk factors of hyperglycemia? (test) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- infection (biggest)

- sepsis

- steroid use

- stress (physical, emotional, surgical)

- skip their insulin



What is the 15-15 rule? (test) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅15 grams of carbs if sugar is low and then check
blood sugar 15min later



What are sick day rules? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅S (sugar):

,Check blood glucose level every 4hrs (even more frequently for pregnant women and children)



I (insulin):

Always continue to take your insulin even when you are sick to avoid DKA



C (carbs):

Make sure you take in enough carbs and drink enough fluids. If your glucose level is high, stick with
sugar-free drinks. If your glucose level is low, drink carb-containing drinks.



K (ketones):

Check your blood or urine ketone levels Q4H. Take a rapid-acting insulin if ketones are present.
Remember to drink plenty of water to flush ketones out of your system.



What is DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NO INSULIN



What are symptoms of DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- n/v

- fatigue

- weight loss

- hunger

- increased urination

- drowsiness

- thirst

-abdominal pain

- severe dehydration (fluid shifts due to body attempting to compensate for high blood sugar)



What acid base imbalance is DKA usually? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Metabolic acidosis typically



- ph to be low

- co2 to be high

, - bicarb low



What can cause abdominal pain in someone with DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ketones



What type of breathing pattern is typically seen in someone experiencing DKA? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Kussmaul Respirations



What are characteristics of kussmaul respirations? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- fast/shallow breathing

- smells fruity



What is needed to treat DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H. I. E.

H - hydration

I - insulin

E - electrolyte replacement



What are we specifically wanting to treat for DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- ketones (if there)

- dehydrations

- electrolyte levels

* Fix the cause and this will fix the blood sugar*



What is the order of fluid treatment for DKA? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Give 2-3L of 0.9% NS over 1-
3hr

2. Step down to 0.45% NS at 250-500mL/hr

3. When blood glucose level is equal to 250... add 5% glucose to 0.45% NS at 150-250mL/hr



What are DKA unintended consequences? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The 6 Ls

1. Lethargy

2. Leg cramps

3. Limp muscles