Complete Solutions
◦Areas within and across the lobes are classified as follows:
Motor, sensory, association Correct Answers ◦Motor:
stimulates muscle activity
◦Sensory: receives sensory information
◦Association: integrates information and initiates coordinated
responses
◦Cerebral Palsy (CP) Correct Answers ◦A group of
nonprogressive disorders that appear in infancy or early
childhood and permanently affect motor movement and muscle
coordination
◦Irreversible brain damage that can occur before, during, or after
birth or infancy
◦Spina Bifida Correct Answers ◦Posterior spinous processes on
the vertebrae fail to fuse, permitting the meninges and spinal
cord to herniate
◦Complications: physical and neurologic impairments,
hydrocephalus, meningitis, and learning problems
Arachnoid layer Correct Answers is the middle layer with a
spider web-like vascular system
Autonomic Nervous System Correct Answers ◦Controls
smooth muscles and is responsible for the fight-or-flight
response
◦Unconscious response that affects such activities as heart rate,
blood pressure, and intestinal motility
, Axon Correct Answers ◦extends away from the cell body,
carrying impulses to another neuron, muscle cell, or organ cell
Basal ganglia Correct Answers ◦lies deep within the cerebrum,
diencephalon, and midbrain
◦plays a pivotal role in coordination, motor movement, and
posture
Brainstem Correct Answers ◦Connects the brain to the spinal
cord
◦Includes the pons, midbrain, and medulla
◦Crucial for many basic body functions
◦Maintaining heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
◦Injury to brainstem can easily result in death
◦Collaborates with the hypothalamus to regulate vital activities
◦10 of 12 cranial nerves exit from brainstem
Central nervous system (CNS) contains Correct Answers brain
and spinal cord
Cerebellum Correct Answers ◦located at the base of the brain
◦Communicates with other regions of the brain to coordinate the
synergistic motion of muscle movement and balance as well as
cognition
cerebral cortex Correct Answers A thin layer of gray matter,
◦surrounds the cerebrum