, Solution manual for Electricity for Refrigeration,
Heating, and Air Conditioning, 11th Edition Russell
E. Smith
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
Solution and Answer Guide
Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2023,
9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
Table of Contents
End of Chapter Review Questions .......................................................................................................................... 1
End of Chapter Review Questions
1. True or False: A heating and air-conditioning service technician can usually troubleshoot heating
and air-conditioning systems without the voltage being supplied to the equipment.
Answer: False
2. What is a live electrical circuit?
Solution
a circuit that is being supplied with electrical potential (voltage)
3. Which of the following voltages will a refrigeration, heating, and air-conditioning technician
come in contact with in the industry?
a. 24 volts
b. 120 volts
c. 240 volts
d. All of the choices are correct
Answer: d
4. Electrical shock occurs when a person _________.
a. touches an insulated wire
b. touches an electric motor
c. becomes part of an electric circuit
d. touches a conductor that has power applied to it, but is making contact with a ground
Answer: c
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
5. What are the important elements of electrical safety when working around live circuits?
Solution
• Respect electricity.
• Do not be careless.
• Make sure electrical power is disconnected from circuits that are being worked on if
possible.
• Learn the safety rules in section 1.7 of this chapter.
6. Which of the following conditions is the most dangerous and likely to cause serious injury?
a. The technician touches a ground with his thumb and a live wire with his index finger.
b. The technician touches a live wire with his hand but is standing on an insulated platform.
c. The technician touches a live wire with his right hand and accidentally touches his right
elbow on the metal part of the same unit.
d. The technician touches a live conductor with his right hand and touches a ground with
his left hand.
Answer: d
7. Which of the following is the standard by which electrical installations are measured in the
United States?
a. National Electrical Code®
b. United Electrical Code®
c. Basic Electrical Code®
d. none of the choices are correct
Answer: a
8. True or False: A current flow of 0.1 ampere or less could be fatal.
Answer: True
9. What type of ladder would be the best choice for the technician to use on the job?
a. aluminum
b. wood
c. fiberglass
d. steel
Answer: c
10. What precautions should be taken when you see a coworker receiving an electrical shock?
Solution
Never touch a person who is receiving an electrical shock.
11. True or False: It is recommended that at least one person on a truck know CPR.
Answer: True
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
12. True or False: The correct fuse size for an electrical circuit is one that is sized twice as large as
needed for circuit protection.
Answer: False
13. What is the difference between a two-prong plug and a three-prong plug?
Solution
A three-prong plug has a ground, while a two-prong plug does not.
14. Which prong on a three-prong plug is the ground?
a. the left flat prong
b. the right flat prong
c. the center semicircular prong
d. none of the choices are correct
Answer: c
15. True or False: A grounding adapter does no good if it is not connected to an electrical ground.
Answer: True
16. An electrical device that will open an electrical circuit, preventing current flow to the circuit if a
small leak to ground is detected, is called a _________.
a. GFCI
b. common circuit breaker
c. fuse
d. receptacle
Answer: a
17. True or False: Receptacles used on the job site should be protected with a GFCI.
Answer: True
18. What precautions should you use when working in an area with a large number of people and
you must disconnect the power from an appliance you are working on?
Solution
Lock out circuit being serviced.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
19. What is the difference between a fuse and a circuit breaker?
Solution
A fuse will have to be replaced when an overload occurs, while a circuit breaker will only
have to be reset.
20. List at least five electrical safety rules that should be followed by refrigeration, heating, and air-
conditioning technicians.
Solution
Answer should contain five rules from section 1.7 (Electrical Safety Guidelines)
21. Which of the following Injuries could be caused by an electrical shock?
a. burns
b. ventricular fibrillation of the heart
c. Injury to body parts caused by reaction of an electrical shock
d. all the choices are correct
Answer: d
22. What is the danger when the path of an electron flow is passed near or through the heart?
Solution
When the path of electrical flow crosses the heart, the risk of serious injury increases. Most
fatal electrical accidents happen when the electrical flow passes near or through the heart.
When the electrical path crosses near or through the heart for only a short period of time, it
can cause ventricular fibrillation of the heart, in which the heart only flutters instead of beats
and the blood flow to the body stops. Unless the heartbeat is returned to normal quickly
with immediate medical attention, the person will usually die.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Solution and Answer Guide
Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2023,
9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Table of Contents
End of Chapter Review Questions .......................................................................................................................... 1
End of Chapter Review Questions
1. All physical objects are composed of __________.
a. substances
b. matter
c. neutrons
d. solids
Answer: b
2. What is an atom?
Solution
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone or in combination.
3. Which of the following is a part of the atom?
a. electron
b. proton
c. neutron
d. all of the choices are correct
Answer: d
4. What is static electricity?
Solution
a flow of electrons by permanently displacing an electron from an atom
5. Name three ways electricity can be produced.
Solution
• friction
• chemical
• magnetic (induction)
6. What part do protons and electrons play in the production of electricity?
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Solution
The charge of an atom is determined by the number of electrons (negatively charged
particles) and the protons (positively charged particles) in the atom. When there is an
unbalance in the number of electrons and protons in an atom, electrons will flow to the
atom in an attempt to balance the charge.
7. Which of the following is the simplest atom that exists?
a. carbon
b. hydrogen
c. oxygen
d. sulfur
Answer: b
8. What are the four most important characteristics of an electric circuit?
Solution
• pressure (voltage)
• current (amperage)
• resistance (ohms)
• power (watts)
9. What is electromotive force?
Solution
electrical pressure (voltage)
10. Electromotive force is commonly measured in __________.
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: c
11. What is current?
Solution
Current is the quantity of electrons flowing in an electrical circuit.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
12. How is current measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: a
13. What is resistance?
Solution
the opposition to the flow of electrons in an electrical circuit
14. How is resistance commonly measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: b
15. What is electrical power?
Solution
Electrical power is the rate at which electrons do work.
16. How is electrical power commonly measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: d
17. Where do electrons exist in an atom, and what is their charge?
Solution
Electrons orbit around the nucleus of the atom in shells and their charge is negative.
18. True or False: All atoms tend to lose electrons.
Answer: True
19. State the law of electric charges.
Solution
like charges repel and unlike charges attract
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
20. What is a proton? Where does it normally exist in an atom, and what is its charge?
Solution
A proton is a positively charged particle of an atom and exists in the nucleus.
21. Describe briefly the method a dry cell battery uses to produce voltage.
Solution
A dry cell battery produces an electron flow by a chemical reaction that causes a transfer of
electrons between the two electrodes.
22. What is a conductor?
Solution
an element that conducts electricity
23. Which of the following is the best conductor?
a. wood
b. thermoplastic
c. copper
d. cast iron
Answer: c
24. What is an insulator?
Solution
an element that retards the flow of electrons
25. Which of the following is the best insulator?
a. wood
b. thermoplastic
c. copper
d. cast iron
Answer: b
26. Why do metals make the best conductors?
Solution
The electrons of most metals are easily given up from the outer electron orbits of the atom.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
Heating, and Air Conditioning, 11th Edition Russell
E. Smith
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
Solution and Answer Guide
Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2023,
9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
Table of Contents
End of Chapter Review Questions .......................................................................................................................... 1
End of Chapter Review Questions
1. True or False: A heating and air-conditioning service technician can usually troubleshoot heating
and air-conditioning systems without the voltage being supplied to the equipment.
Answer: False
2. What is a live electrical circuit?
Solution
a circuit that is being supplied with electrical potential (voltage)
3. Which of the following voltages will a refrigeration, heating, and air-conditioning technician
come in contact with in the industry?
a. 24 volts
b. 120 volts
c. 240 volts
d. All of the choices are correct
Answer: d
4. Electrical shock occurs when a person _________.
a. touches an insulated wire
b. touches an electric motor
c. becomes part of an electric circuit
d. touches a conductor that has power applied to it, but is making contact with a ground
Answer: c
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
5. What are the important elements of electrical safety when working around live circuits?
Solution
• Respect electricity.
• Do not be careless.
• Make sure electrical power is disconnected from circuits that are being worked on if
possible.
• Learn the safety rules in section 1.7 of this chapter.
6. Which of the following conditions is the most dangerous and likely to cause serious injury?
a. The technician touches a ground with his thumb and a live wire with his index finger.
b. The technician touches a live wire with his hand but is standing on an insulated platform.
c. The technician touches a live wire with his right hand and accidentally touches his right
elbow on the metal part of the same unit.
d. The technician touches a live conductor with his right hand and touches a ground with
his left hand.
Answer: d
7. Which of the following is the standard by which electrical installations are measured in the
United States?
a. National Electrical Code®
b. United Electrical Code®
c. Basic Electrical Code®
d. none of the choices are correct
Answer: a
8. True or False: A current flow of 0.1 ampere or less could be fatal.
Answer: True
9. What type of ladder would be the best choice for the technician to use on the job?
a. aluminum
b. wood
c. fiberglass
d. steel
Answer: c
10. What precautions should be taken when you see a coworker receiving an electrical shock?
Solution
Never touch a person who is receiving an electrical shock.
11. True or False: It is recommended that at least one person on a truck know CPR.
Answer: True
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
12. True or False: The correct fuse size for an electrical circuit is one that is sized twice as large as
needed for circuit protection.
Answer: False
13. What is the difference between a two-prong plug and a three-prong plug?
Solution
A three-prong plug has a ground, while a two-prong plug does not.
14. Which prong on a three-prong plug is the ground?
a. the left flat prong
b. the right flat prong
c. the center semicircular prong
d. none of the choices are correct
Answer: c
15. True or False: A grounding adapter does no good if it is not connected to an electrical ground.
Answer: True
16. An electrical device that will open an electrical circuit, preventing current flow to the circuit if a
small leak to ground is detected, is called a _________.
a. GFCI
b. common circuit breaker
c. fuse
d. receptacle
Answer: a
17. True or False: Receptacles used on the job site should be protected with a GFCI.
Answer: True
18. What precautions should you use when working in an area with a large number of people and
you must disconnect the power from an appliance you are working on?
Solution
Lock out circuit being serviced.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 1: Electrical Safety
19. What is the difference between a fuse and a circuit breaker?
Solution
A fuse will have to be replaced when an overload occurs, while a circuit breaker will only
have to be reset.
20. List at least five electrical safety rules that should be followed by refrigeration, heating, and air-
conditioning technicians.
Solution
Answer should contain five rules from section 1.7 (Electrical Safety Guidelines)
21. Which of the following Injuries could be caused by an electrical shock?
a. burns
b. ventricular fibrillation of the heart
c. Injury to body parts caused by reaction of an electrical shock
d. all the choices are correct
Answer: d
22. What is the danger when the path of an electron flow is passed near or through the heart?
Solution
When the path of electrical flow crosses the heart, the risk of serious injury increases. Most
fatal electrical accidents happen when the electrical flow passes near or through the heart.
When the electrical path crosses near or through the heart for only a short period of time, it
can cause ventricular fibrillation of the heart, in which the heart only flutters instead of beats
and the blood flow to the body stops. Unless the heartbeat is returned to normal quickly
with immediate medical attention, the person will usually die.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Solution and Answer Guide
Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2023,
9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Table of Contents
End of Chapter Review Questions .......................................................................................................................... 1
End of Chapter Review Questions
1. All physical objects are composed of __________.
a. substances
b. matter
c. neutrons
d. solids
Answer: b
2. What is an atom?
Solution
An atom is the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone or in combination.
3. Which of the following is a part of the atom?
a. electron
b. proton
c. neutron
d. all of the choices are correct
Answer: d
4. What is static electricity?
Solution
a flow of electrons by permanently displacing an electron from an atom
5. Name three ways electricity can be produced.
Solution
• friction
• chemical
• magnetic (induction)
6. What part do protons and electrons play in the production of electricity?
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
Solution
The charge of an atom is determined by the number of electrons (negatively charged
particles) and the protons (positively charged particles) in the atom. When there is an
unbalance in the number of electrons and protons in an atom, electrons will flow to the
atom in an attempt to balance the charge.
7. Which of the following is the simplest atom that exists?
a. carbon
b. hydrogen
c. oxygen
d. sulfur
Answer: b
8. What are the four most important characteristics of an electric circuit?
Solution
• pressure (voltage)
• current (amperage)
• resistance (ohms)
• power (watts)
9. What is electromotive force?
Solution
electrical pressure (voltage)
10. Electromotive force is commonly measured in __________.
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: c
11. What is current?
Solution
Current is the quantity of electrons flowing in an electrical circuit.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
,Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
12. How is current measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: a
13. What is resistance?
Solution
the opposition to the flow of electrons in an electrical circuit
14. How is resistance commonly measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: b
15. What is electrical power?
Solution
Electrical power is the rate at which electrons do work.
16. How is electrical power commonly measured?
a. amperes
b. ohms
c. volts
d. watts
Answer: d
17. Where do electrons exist in an atom, and what is their charge?
Solution
Electrons orbit around the nucleus of the atom in shells and their charge is negative.
18. True or False: All atoms tend to lose electrons.
Answer: True
19. State the law of electric charges.
Solution
like charges repel and unlike charges attract
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Smith/Simmons, Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating and Air Conditioning, ©2003, 9780357618707, Chapter 2: Basic Electricity
20. What is a proton? Where does it normally exist in an atom, and what is its charge?
Solution
A proton is a positively charged particle of an atom and exists in the nucleus.
21. Describe briefly the method a dry cell battery uses to produce voltage.
Solution
A dry cell battery produces an electron flow by a chemical reaction that causes a transfer of
electrons between the two electrodes.
22. What is a conductor?
Solution
an element that conducts electricity
23. Which of the following is the best conductor?
a. wood
b. thermoplastic
c. copper
d. cast iron
Answer: c
24. What is an insulator?
Solution
an element that retards the flow of electrons
25. Which of the following is the best insulator?
a. wood
b. thermoplastic
c. copper
d. cast iron
Answer: b
26. Why do metals make the best conductors?
Solution
The electrons of most metals are easily given up from the outer electron orbits of the atom.
© 2023 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
