FULL REVIEW CRT/RRT (NBRC)
2025/2026 Exam Questions and Verified
Answers | Already Graded A+
Ascites - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔accumulation of fluid in the abdomen caused by LIVER
FAILURE
Venous distention - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-occurs with CHF
-seen with obstructive patients (seen in exhalation phase)
Capillary refill - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-indication of peripheral circulation
-Normal < 3 seconds
Jaundice skin color - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increase in bilirubin.
-mostly in face and trunk
Bradypnea (oligopnea) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-decreased respiratory rate (<12bpm)
variable depth and irregular rhythm
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Hyperpnea - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate, depth, with regular rhythm
Cheyne-Stokes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-gradually increasing then decreasing rate and
depth in a cycle lasting from 30 - 180 secs, with apnea up to 60 secs
-increased ICP, meningitis, overdose
Biots - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea
-CNS problem, head/brain injury
Kussmaul's - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate, depth, irregular rhythm, breathing
sounds labored
-Raspy voice
Apneustic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔prolonged gasping inspiration followed by extremely
short, insufficient expiration
-respiratory center problems, trauma, tumor
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,cachectic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔muscle atrophy/loss of muscle tone
retractions - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-chest moves inward during inspiratory efforts instead
of outward
-blocked airway in adults = INTUBATE
-RDS in infants
Character of cough - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-dry, non-productive cough may indicate
tumor in the lungs or asthma
-productive cough may indicate infection
evidence of difficult airway - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-short receding mandible (chin)
-enlarged tongue (macroglossia)
-bull neck
-limited neck range-of-motion
pulsus paradoxus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-pulse/blood pressure varies with respiration.
may indicate severe air trapping (status asthmaticus or cardiac tamponade)
tactile fremitus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-vibrations felt by hand on chest wall
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, -vocal fremitus: voice vibrations on the chest wall
-pleural rub fremitus: grating sensation due to roughened pleural spaces
-Rhonchial fremitus(palpable rhonchi): secretions in airways
Crepitus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-bubbles of air under skin that can be palpated and
indicates subcutaneous emphysema
Resonant percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-hollow sound
-normal lungs
Flat percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over sternum, muscles, or areas of
atelectasis
Dull percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over fluid-filled organs such as heart or
liver (thudding)
-pleural effusion or pneumonia
Tympanic percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over air-filled stomach.
-drum-like sound and when heard over lung = increased volume
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2025/2026 Exam Questions and Verified
Answers | Already Graded A+
Ascites - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔accumulation of fluid in the abdomen caused by LIVER
FAILURE
Venous distention - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-occurs with CHF
-seen with obstructive patients (seen in exhalation phase)
Capillary refill - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-indication of peripheral circulation
-Normal < 3 seconds
Jaundice skin color - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increase in bilirubin.
-mostly in face and trunk
Bradypnea (oligopnea) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-decreased respiratory rate (<12bpm)
variable depth and irregular rhythm
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Hyperpnea - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate, depth, with regular rhythm
Cheyne-Stokes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-gradually increasing then decreasing rate and
depth in a cycle lasting from 30 - 180 secs, with apnea up to 60 secs
-increased ICP, meningitis, overdose
Biots - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea
-CNS problem, head/brain injury
Kussmaul's - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-increased rate, depth, irregular rhythm, breathing
sounds labored
-Raspy voice
Apneustic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔prolonged gasping inspiration followed by extremely
short, insufficient expiration
-respiratory center problems, trauma, tumor
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,cachectic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔muscle atrophy/loss of muscle tone
retractions - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-chest moves inward during inspiratory efforts instead
of outward
-blocked airway in adults = INTUBATE
-RDS in infants
Character of cough - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-dry, non-productive cough may indicate
tumor in the lungs or asthma
-productive cough may indicate infection
evidence of difficult airway - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-short receding mandible (chin)
-enlarged tongue (macroglossia)
-bull neck
-limited neck range-of-motion
pulsus paradoxus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-pulse/blood pressure varies with respiration.
may indicate severe air trapping (status asthmaticus or cardiac tamponade)
tactile fremitus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-vibrations felt by hand on chest wall
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, -vocal fremitus: voice vibrations on the chest wall
-pleural rub fremitus: grating sensation due to roughened pleural spaces
-Rhonchial fremitus(palpable rhonchi): secretions in airways
Crepitus - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-bubbles of air under skin that can be palpated and
indicates subcutaneous emphysema
Resonant percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-hollow sound
-normal lungs
Flat percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over sternum, muscles, or areas of
atelectasis
Dull percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over fluid-filled organs such as heart or
liver (thudding)
-pleural effusion or pneumonia
Tympanic percussion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-heard over air-filled stomach.
-drum-like sound and when heard over lung = increased volume
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
