ATI PHARMACOLOGY LPN PROCTORED EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

ATI PHARMACOLOGY LPN PROCTORED EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS “What is/are the action(s) of the drug metformin? a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption b. Increases sensitivity to insulin c. Short term sedation d. Both A and - CORRECT ANSWER d. Both A and B a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption b. Increases sensitivity to insulin" "What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply. A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines. E. Anorexia - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. E. Migraine" "What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply. A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself. C. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug. - A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. - CORRECT ANSWER B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself." "ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT: a. Hypertension b. Heart Failure c. Hypotension d. Diabetic nephropathy - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Hypotension" "Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? a. Beta-blockers b. Cholinesterase Inhibitors c. ACE inhibitors d. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) - - CORRECT ANSWER a. Beta-blockers" "What patient could potentially take the drug Senna? A. A patient with an eating disorder B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days B. A patient with anal fissures C. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids D. A patient who has hypersensitivity - - CORRECT ANSWER B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days" "What is the category class of Lithium? A. Antidiabetics, biguanides B. Mood stabilizers C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants D. Vascular headache suppressants - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Mood stabilizers" "What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That Apply. A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used - CORRECT ANSWER -A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used" "What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin? A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of existing thrombi - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias" "Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that apply) a. Daily weight b. Intake and output c. Amount and location of edema d. Appetite Lung sounds - a. Daily weight - CORRECT ANSWER b. Intake and output c. Amount and location of edema Lung sounds" "Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac output and slows heart rate? . a. Heparin b. Alprazolam c. Digoxin d. Levothyroxine - CORRECT ANSWER - c. Digoxin" "Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic? a. Furosemide b. Spironolactone c. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Bumetanide - - CORRECT ANSWER b. Spironolactone" "What is the antidote for Warfarin? a. Vitamin D b. Vitamin C c. Vitamin K d. Vitamin B6 - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Vitamin K" "What is a common side effect of Albuterol? A.)Paradoxical Bronchospasm B.)Diarrhea C.) Seizures D.) Vision loss - - CORRECT ANSWER A.)Paradoxical Bronchospasm" "What is the therapeutic use of Albuterol? • A) Bronchodilation • B) Anti-coagulant • C) Anti-arrhythmic • D) Proton-pump inhibitor - - CORRECT ANSWER A) Bronchodilation •" "What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin • A) Hydrochloroquinone B) Methylprednisolone C) Phenazopyridine D) Erectile dysfunction drugs - - CORRECT ANSWER D ) Erectile dysfunction drugs" "What is the classification of Ondansetron? a. Antihypertensive b. Antiarrthymia c. Antiemetic d. Antiulcer agent - CORRECT ANSWER c. Antiemetic" "Before administering Digoxin, the nurse should complete which task? A. Obtain an ECG B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute C. Take temperature D. Obtain I/O - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute" "What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide? A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome B. GI bleeding C. Hypertension D. Bradycardia - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome" "If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema which include? A. Vomiting B. Dyspnea C. Constipation D. Epistaxis - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Dyspnea" "Ace Inhibitors often end in? A) -ale B) -olol C) -pril D) -ide - - CORRECT ANSWER C) -pril" "What is a side effect for Phenytoin? a) Suicidal thoughts b) Dry mouth c) Blood in urine d) Tremor - - CORRECT ANSWER a) Suicidal thoughts" "A patient with_____ should stop taking NSAIDs A. Peptic Ulcers B. Headaches C. Cramps D. Nausea - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Peptic Ulcers" "When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours c. 1-2mg every 8 hours d. 25 mg every 6 hours - - CORRECT ANSWER a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours" "When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours c. 1-2mg every 8 hours d. 25 mg every 6 hours - - CORRECT ANSWER a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours" "If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should you avoid? a. Opioids b. NSAIDs c. Nonopioids d. Short-acting analgesics - - CORRECT ANSWER b. NSAIDs" "A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is a. Suicidal thoughts b. Toxic epidermal necrosis c. Heart failure d. cough - d. cough - CORRECT ANSWER d. cough" "How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply. A. PO B. IV C. Subcutaneous D. IM - A. PO - CORRECT ANSWER B. IV D. IM" "Drug used for v-fib, flutter, unstable tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Epinephrine" "Drug used to increase cardiac output in heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER dobutamine" "Drug used to maintain adequate blood pressure during shock and to maintain kidney perfusion - CORRECT ANSWER dopamine" "Drug used for symptomatic bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER atropine" "A pt taking prednisone for immunosupression after a kidney transplant wants to know what lifestyle changes he needs to make. The nurse instructs him to eat a diet low in what nutrient while taking prednisone? Protein Potassium Calcium Sodium - CORRECT ANSWER Sodium" "Fluid retention, edema, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, protein catabolism, and hypokalemia are side effects of what type of drug? - CORRECT ANSWER corticosteroids" "A pt has suffered from a traumatic brain injury and is scheduled to undergo surgery. The physician requests that the pt be coma-induced. The nurse would expect to administer which of the following meds for an induced coma of a neurosurgery pt? Diazepam Pentobarbital Lorazepam Propofol - CORRECT ANSWER pentobarital" "An elderly man is prescribed morphine sulfate for acute pain management. The pt is on bed rest and is NPO. Which of the following side effects is the nurse most concerned about? Dizziness Constipation Hypertension Nausea - CORRECT ANSWER constipation" "A pt receiving triamterene is admitted to the hospital due to severe metabolic imbalances. Which of the following abnormal findings would the nurse most expect due to a side effect of this med? Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia Hypocalcemia Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER hyperkalemia" "A pt prescribed furosemide 60 mg PO bid, is being instructed on admin and side effects. The nurse should instruct the pt to eat which foods while taking furosemide? (multiple answers) Beans and bananas Vanilla and bread spinach and potatoes Appleauce and rice Tomatoes and squash Dried apricots and raisins - CORRECT ANSWER beans, bananas, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, squash, dried apricots and raisins" "A pt taking bisacodyl (dulcolax) asks the nurse how the medication works. The nurse knows that bisocodyl: Is bulk-producing Is an osmotic laxative Stimulates the myenteric plexus Reduces stool surface tension - CORRECT ANSWER stimulates the myenteric plexus" "A pt with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed glipizide, a sulfonylurea. Which common side effect should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? Weight gain Liver failure Ecchymosis Jaundice - CORRECT ANSWER weight gain" "A pt diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse was given Quinidine IV for an arrhythmia. The nurse understands that the patient is experiencing a common adverse reaction when: The pt reports muscle weakness The pt is having frequent watery diarrhea The pt complains of back pain The pt reports ringing in the ears - CORRECT ANSWER The pt is having frequent watery diarrhea" "A pt is prescribed gentamicin ophthalmic drops for the treatment of conjunctivitis. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the pt requires additional instruction? "I should never touch the tip of the applicator to my eye" "I should contact the physician if the eye drops cause burning or itching" "I should avoid sharing the drops with my spouse" "I should wash my hands before and after admin" - CORRECT ANSWER I should contact the physician if the eye drops cause burning or itching" "A pt has been diagnosed with Klinefelter Syndrome. The nurse, understanding the effects of this disorder, would expect the physician to prescribe: Desogestral/Ethinyl estradoil Spironolactone Finasteride Testosterone topical - CORRECT ANSWER testosterone topical" "A pt with hypertension is being treated with clonidine, 0.1 mg PO twice a day. The nurse understands that this med is lipid-soluble so it can cause vasodilation by acting on: Alpha-2 receptors in the brain Beta-2 receptors in the brain Beta-2 receptors in the blood vessels Alpha-1 receptors in the blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWER alpha-2 receptors in the brain" "The nurse is assessing a pt receiving epidural analgesia after a total knee replacement. Which of the following nursing assessments is the priority? Assessing the epidural site every 12 hrs Assessing peripheral pulses Assessing the pt's legs for sensation Keeping the patient on flat bed rest - CORRECT ANSWER assessing the pt's legs for sensation" "A pt is prescribed levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The nurse should assess the pt for which side effect?(multiple) Dizziness Diarrhea Excessive secretions Hypertension Psychosis - CORRECT ANSWER dizziness, psychosis" "A nurse is caring for a critical burn patient. The pt is suffering from intense pain and required medication. The nurse should expect the physician to prescribe which of the following? Morphine sulfate, IV Oxycodone via NG tube Fentanyl patch Hydromorphone, Intranasal - CORRECT ANSWER morphine" "A pt on Digoxin accidentally ingested two doses of it. He is now in the hospital and is being treated for possible drug toxicity. Since the pt is stable, which of the following treatments is indicated? Charcoal Digoxin immune FAB Atropine Symptomatic treatment - CORRECT ANSWER symptomatic treatment" "A client is prescribed nitroglycerin IV infusion to control blood pressure and chest pain. How does the nurse administer this drug? (select all that apply) Use a glass bottle Use 15 ggts macrodrip tubing Use a special tubing designated for the drug Hang the drug as a piggy-back Dilute the drug in a 250 mL plastic bag - CORRECT ANSWER Use glass bottle and special tubing designated for the drug" "A pt is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Due to colchicine's effects on the intestinal mucosa, the pt should be instructed to increase his intake of which vitamin? Vitamin K B1 C B12 - CORRECT ANSWER B12" "A pt recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. The nurse should include which of the following in her teaching plan? Take at bedtime Take with antacids Take at meal time Take in the morning, on an empty stomach - CORRECT ANSWER Take in the morning, on an empty stomach" "A pt is admitted to the intensive care unit after sustaining a closed head injury. The physician orders mannitol IV. The nurse would expect which of the following after admin of mannitol? Increased intracranial pressure Increased urinary output Decreased WBC count Decreased body temperature - CORRECT ANSWER increased urinary output" "A pt is admitted to the hospital after taking penicillin antibiotics for 25 days. The nurse should assess the pt for which side effect of long-term antibiotic therapy? C. difficile colitis Constipation Arrhythmias Respiratory distress - CORRECT ANSWER c. diff" "A hospitalized pt has been prescribed aspart to replace his metformin. The nurse should administer this med: 30 min before meals Before bedtime Twice a day 15 min before meals - CORRECT ANSWER 15 min before meals" "The physician orders a dose of procainimide to be administered to a pt. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to assess before administering this medication? Hemoglobin Urine output BUN and creatinine Blood pressure and heart rate - CORRECT ANSWER blood pressure and heart rate" "A pt with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the patient to take this med: 30 min before meals With the first bite First thing in the morning Before bed - CORRECT ANSWER with the first bite" "A nurse administers 15 units of glargine at bedtime because it peaks after: 4 hrs 12 hrs 8 hrs It does not peak - CORRECT ANSWER It does not peak" "Medicines that treat heart, blood vessel, and kidney problems. Side effects: hypotension, acute renal failure, and hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors" "A pt with liver disease is prescribed colestipol, a bile acid suquestrant, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Which of the following common side effects should the nurse include in the pt's medication instructions? Tinnitus Elevated liver enzymes Jaundice Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER constipation" "A nauseated pt has been prescribed promethazine. Which of the following side effects should the nurse assess for? Drooling Diarrhea Insomnia Tardive dyskinesia - CORRECT ANSWER tardive dyskinesia" "Class of medications known for effects on the CNS, autonomic nervous system, and extrapyramidal system. Side effects: confusion, blurred vision, drowsiness, dry mouth, tinnitus, constipation, dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia - CORRECT ANSWER phenothiazines" "A pt is receiving IV ceftriaxone for the treatment of pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the patient for which severe side effect? Seizures Diarrhea Arrhythmias Nausea - CORRECT ANSWER seizures" "A pt in severe respiratory distress is prescribed continuous albuterol nebulizers. Which of the following side effects should the nurse expect? (multiple) Excessive salivation Dizziness Tremors Bradycardia Urticaria Hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER dizziness and tremors" "The nurse is assessing a pt on Niacin for hyperlipidemia. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect as a possible side effect? Flushing of the face and neck Hypoglycemia Hypertension Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER flushing of the face and neck" "An immunocompromised pt with herpes zoster is administered a high dose of IV acyclovir. Which of the following, if reported or observed, would be an adverse effect of the drug? Ototoxicity Arrhythmias Hallucinations Tinnitus - CORRECT ANSWER hallucinations" "A nurse is gathering health history info from a newly admitted pt. The pt denies any known diseases but gives the nurse a bottle of gemfibrozil that she has been taking for a year. The nurse should question the pt about what disease? Atrial fibrillation Type 2 diabetes Hypertension Hyperlipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER hyperlipidemia" "This is used for the treatment of hypertension and edema - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrochlorothiazide" "A pt is prescribed a high dose of aspirin for osteoarthritis. The nurse should instruct the pt to contact the physician if which of the following symptoms develop? Tinnitus Cold extremities Diarrhea Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER tinnitus" "A pt is prescribed tamoxifen, 20 mg PO bid for newly diagnosed metastatic breast cancer. While reinforcing education to the patient, the nurse should emphasize which possible side effect? Ototoxicity Hyperglycemia Arrhythmias Hot flashes - CORRECT ANSWER hot flashes" "A pt is prescribed benztropine for Parkinson's disease. The nurse should closely monitor which of the following to assess for a common side effect? Hemoglobin O2 saturation Intake and Output Respirations - CORRECT ANSWER intake and output" "A pt recently prescribed with ezetimibe asks the nurse why he needs this medication. Understanding the mechanism of action, the nurse knows ezetimibe is used to treat: Osteoporosis CHF Hyperlipidemia Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER hyperlipidemia" "A nurse is preparing a pt for a procedure requiring conscious sedation. The nurse will administer which short acting benzodiazepine? Midazolam Diazepam Chlordiazepoxide Lorazepam - CORRECT ANSWER Midazolam" "A nurse is preparing an insulin infusion for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse should prepare: Regular insulin in normal saline Glargine in normal saline Regular insulin in 5% dextrose in water NPH in normal saline - CORRECT ANSWER regular insulin in normal saline" "A pt is admitted to the hospital for glyburide overdose. The nurse expects the physician to order the parenteral administration of: Insulin Glucagon Naloxone Dextrose - CORRECT ANSWER dextrose" "A nurse is administering O2 via a NRB, which of the following would help facilitate ventilation? Secure the mask tightly Apply gauze to the straps to decrease skin breakdown Keep the flow rate under 4 LPM Place the head of the bed in an upright position - CORRECT ANSWER Place the head of the bed in an upright position" "A pt is prescribed allopurinol for the long term treatment of gout. The nurse should include which of the following in the teaching plan?(multiple) Avoid an alkaline diet Increase sodium intake Avoid the use of alcohol Increase fluid intake to 3L per day Take the drug 30 min after meals Avoid excessive calcium intake - CORRECT ANSWER avoid the use of alcohol, increase fluid intake, take the drug 30 min after meals, and avoid excessive calcium" "A diabetic pt receives insulin aspart, 4 units SQ at 12:30 pm for meal coverage. The nurse would most likely see signs of hypoglycemia at what time? 1-2 1:30-3:30 1-1:30 1:30-2:30 - CORRECT ANSWER 1:30-3:30" "A pt has been prescribed sitagliptin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Which of the following is an added benefit to the use of this medication? Improved BPH symptoms Improved GERD symptoms Less weight gain Lowered blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER less weight gain" "A nursing student assesses the pain of a patient suffering from pancreatitis. The nursing student would refer to this type of pain as: Visceral pain Phantom limb pain Somatic pain Cutaneous pain - CORRECT ANSWER visceral" "Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat hypertension. The use of ARBs may be beneficial for patients who cannot tolerate the side effects of which class of medications? - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors" "A pt with heart disease is taking nitrates. Which of the following actions of nitrates has the greatest impact on cardiac workload? Coronary artery dilation Venous dilation Bronchodilation Systemic arterial dilation - CORRECT ANSWER venous dilation" "A pt is prescribed to doxycycline, 100 mg PO to be taken daily for acne vulgaris. During a follow up, the pt reports GI irritation. The nurse should recommend which of the following? Take the medication on an empty stomach Take the medication with food Take the medication with milk Take the doses 12 hrs apart - CORRECT ANSWER take the medication with food" "A pt who began taking Metformin one week ago reports diarrhea and GI discomfort. The nurse reassures the pt by stating which fact about metformin? "the benefits of metformin outweigh the GI side effects" "GI symptoms usually resolve within 2 weeks of starting the dose" "There are more severe side effects to worry about" "Most patients learn to live with the adverse effects" - CORRECT ANSWER GI symptoms usually resolve within 2 weeks of starting the dose" "A nurse is questioning a pt about her medical history and she states that she takes acarbose. The nurse should question the patient about which disease? Type 2 diabetes CHF Hypertension Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER type 2 diabetes" "The pt has been prescribed enalapril for hypertension. The pt asks the nurse how the med lowers blood pressure. The nurse understands that ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by: Inhibiting epinephrine Increasing vasoconstriction Preventing sodium resorption Decreasing heart rate Decreasing systemic vascular resistance - CORRECT ANSWER preventing sodium resorption, decreasing systemic vascular resistance" "A nurse is caring for a patient taking moxifloxacin for the treatment of endocarditis. The nurse should monitor the pt's heart rhythm for: PR prolongation ST elevation QT prolongation ST depression - CORRECT ANSWER QT prolongation" "The nurse is reviewing the lab results of an elderly woman that has been taking propylthiouracil for 3 months. The nurse will most likely not which abnormality? Hypokalemia Seizures Agranulocytosis Hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER agranulocytosis" "A pt has been taking bismuth subsalicylate for the treatment of acute diarrhea. He tells the nurse he is concerned about black stool and the possibility of GI bleed. What should the nurse do? Tell the pt that black stools are normal Assess the pt for symptoms of anemia Immediately inform the physician Ask the pt if he has had a colonoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER tell the pt that black stools are normal" "A pt has been prescribed nateglinide for the treatment of postprandial hyperglycemia. The pt should take this medication: 30 min or less before each meal Every morning After each meal Before bedtime - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min or less before each meal" "A nurse administers diazepam for a pt on mechanical ventilation. The nurse should be alert for which possible side effect? Respiratory depression Lethargy Hypotension Sedation - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension" "A pt with Parkinson's disease switched from levodopa to ropinirole. The nurse should be alert for which side effect unique to ropinirole? Psychosis Sleep attacks Postural hypotension Dry mouth - CORRECT ANSWER sleep attacks" "A 55 y/o male is prescribed labetalol for hypertension. The pt discontinued his medication due to side effects. Which of the following pt statements is the most probable statement that describes the reason for his noncompliance? "I can't have sex" "I get agitated" "I become confused" "I can't fall asleep" - CORRECT ANSWER I can't have sex" "A pt is prescribed sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. The nurse should include which of the following potentially serious side effects on the teaching plan? Flushing Hypotension Headache Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension" "A nurse is preparing to administer regular insulin, 10 units SQ before mealtime. How long before mealtime should the nurse administer the insulin? 60 min 30 min 15 min 45 min - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min" "A nurse is administering IV ondansetron for the treatment of nausea. Which of the following indicates that the pt is experiencing a side effect of this medication? Bradycardia Hypertension Hyperkalemia Headache - CORRECT ANSWER headache" "A nurse is gathering health history info from a newly admitted pt. The pt denies any known diseases but states she has been taking cholestyramine for three years. The nurse should question the pt about the presence of what disease? Atrial fibrillation Type 2 diabetes Hyperlipidemia Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER hyperlipidemia" "The nurse is administering a Kayexalate enema to a pt with an elevated potassium level. The pt asks how long he will have to retain the enema. Which of the following responses is correct? 5 min a few min, then you will have diarrhea 60 min, then you will have diarrhea 30 min - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min" "An elderly woman is admitted to the hospital for a hip fracture related to osteoporosis. Which of the following pt meds decreases bone density? Levothyroxine Propylthiouracil Lispro Risedronate - CORRECT ANSWER levothyroxine" "A physician prescribes atenolol, 50 mg PO BID to a pt with hypertension. Atenolol primarily inhibits beta-1 receptors. Where are the beta-1 receptors primarily located? arterioles bronchi heart arteries - CORRECT ANSWER heart" "A pt experiencing an acute gout attack is prescribed antigout med to reduce inflammation and pain. The physician prescribes colchicine, 1.2 mg PO as a loading dose, followed by 0.6 mg every hr (up to 16 doses) until relief is obtained or until adverse reactions develop. When can the pt expect relief from pain and inflammation? 5 hrs 3 hrs 12 hrs 10 hrs - CORRECT ANSWER 12 hrs" "The nurse monitors a pt taking alendronate for which common side effect? Hypercalcemia Confusion GI irritation Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER GI irritation" "What symptoms are associated with digoxin toxicity? Diarrhea Abdominal cramps urinary retention Taste alterations Nausea/vomiting Visual disturbances - CORRECT ANSWER Diarrhea, visual disturbances, abdominal cramps, nausea/vomiting" "When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the patient of which of the following A. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other antihypertensives b. This drug is not intended for long term use c. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake d. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of orthostatic hypotension - - CORRECT ANSWER b. This drug is not intended for long term use" "When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various signs and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to give which of the following to reverse digoxin toxicity a. Naloxone b. Vitamin K c. Digibind d. Fluemanzil - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Digibind" "While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks 4. what the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the action of an ACE inhibitor is a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II b. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing urine output and lowering blood pressure c. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and Beta2 receptors in the heart and lungs d. To lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin - - CORRECT ANSWER a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II" "Which of the following types of insulin is "long-acting"? a. Lispro (Humalog) b. NPH (Humulin N) c. Regular insulin (Humulin R) d. Glargine (Lantus) - - CORRECT ANSWER d. Glargine (Lantus)" "What is the therapeutic use of metformin? A. Lower blood pressure. B. To diminish seizure activity. C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose. D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions. - - CORRECT ANSWER C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose." "What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs. C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter. D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body" "When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for a. Intake and output b. Mental status changes c. Respiratory rate d. Anorexia - - CORRECT ANSWER b. Mental status changes" "Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin? a. Protamine sulfate b. Vitamin K c. Naloxone d. Toradol - - CORRECT ANSWER a. Protamine sulfate" "A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as the antidote if they experience toxicity? A. Naloxone B. N-acetylcysteine C. Atropine D. Digoxin immune Fab - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Naloxone" "A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid activity. What should you include in their education? A. Don't bother your health care professionals if you experience side effects B. Take this at the same time every day C. Thyroid tests are unnecessary while taking this drug D. It is okay to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial infarction - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Take this at the same time every day" "A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Lithium C. Alprazolam (Xanax) D. Spironolactone - - CORRECT ANSWER C. Alprazolam (Xanax)" "Which of the following is NOT an opioid or NSAID? A. Morphine B. Ibuprofen C. Hydromorphone D. Acetaminophen - - CORRECT ANSWER D. Acetaminophen" "Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors? A. To assess for renal impairment B. You must make sure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure D. You must assess for NSAID use To assess for decreased blood pressure - - CORRECT ANSWER C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure" "Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism? A. Heparin B. Insulin C. Propranolol D. Nitroglycerine Warfarin - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Propranolol" "What nursing interventions should you do when a patient is on Albuterol (select all that apply) A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering B. Monitor for changes in behavior C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms C. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture - A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering D. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms Note sputum color and texture - CORRECT ANSWER C. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture - A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering" "At what amount does Acetaminophen stop controlling pain? A. Over 1,000 mg B. 750 mg C. Over 1,500 mg D. 150 mg - A. Over 1,000 m - CORRECT ANSWER A. Over 1,000 m" "When should the drug Montelukast be taken A. Use at least two hours before exercise B. Daily in evening C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening D. None of the above - C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening - CORRECT ANSWER C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening" "How should the oral form of albuterol be taken A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation B. Administer before meals with water C. Administer after meals with water D. Administer in the morning with milk - A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation - CORRECT ANSWER A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation" "What should a Client taking Omeprazole report to the Heath Care Provider A. Black, tarry stools B. Diarrhea C. Abdominal pain D. All of the above - - CORRECT ANSWER D. All of the above" "When administering an Antiulcer Agents, you should be more cautious when administering it to A. A healthy 27 year old patient B. Patient with renal failure C. Elderly patients D. All of the above E. Choices B & C - E. Choices B & C - CORRECT ANSWER E. Choices B & C B. Patient with renal failure C. Elderly patients" "What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of Nitroglycerine due to increased vasodilation? a. Abdominal cramps b. Calf pain c. Headache d. Blurred vision - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Headache" "Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two tests? Select ALL that apply. a. PT b. aPTT c. INR d. BMP - a. PT - CORRECT ANSWER c. INR" "Which of the following diuretics inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys while saving K+ and Hydrogen ions? a. Spironolactone b. Furosemide c. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Bumetanide - CORRECT ANSWER - a. Spironolactone" "A nurse is about to administer Propanolol to a patient. The nurse takes the patient's apical pulse and documents it as 58 bmp. How should the nurse continue? a. Administer the medication as normal b. Cut the tablet in half and administer half of the normal dose c. Give the XR form of the medication c. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician - d. d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician - CORRECT ANSWER d. d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician" "A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch." B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly." C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair." D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch. - CORRECT ANSWER - C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."" "A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a long-term use of oral prednisone for chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A. Weight Gain B. Nervousness C. Bradycardia D. Constipation - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Weight Gain" "A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the patient to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects? ( select all the apply) A. Fatigue B. Constipation C. Anorexia D. RashDiplopia - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Fatigue C. Anorexia E. Diplopia" "What is the antidote for Heparin? A. Atropine b. Protamine sulfate C. Calcium Carbonate D. Ferrous Sulfate - CORRECT ANSWER - b. Protamine sulfate" "Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for: A. headaches B. cold remedy C. neuropathic pain D. antianxiety - - CORRECT ANSWER C. neuropathic pain" "Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for: A. headaches B. cold remedy C. neuropathic pain D. antianxiety - - CORRECT ANSWER C. neuropathic pain" "When taking Digoxin, low levels of what can cause toxicity? A. potassium B. calcium C. sodium D. magnesium - - CORRECT ANSWER A. potassium" "When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours nitrate free each day? A. 1-2 hours B. 5-10 hours C. 3-4 hours D. 10-12 hours - D. 10-12 hours - CORRECT ANSWER D. 10-12 hours" "Lithium is used to? A. Lower blood glucose B. slow the heart rate C. stabilize mood D. heal ulcers - - CORRECT ANSWER C. stabilize mood" "Lithium is used to? A. Lower blood glucose B. slow the heart rate C. stabilize mood D. heal ulcers - - CORRECT ANSWER C. stabilize mood" "When administering Phenytoin you should monitor? A. behavior B. therapeutic blood levels C. for Steven Johnson syndrome D. all of the above - D. all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER D. all of the above" "What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium? A.) Prevents/decreases incidence of acute manic episodes B.) Maintenance of blood glucose C.) Control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients C.) Diminished seizure activity - - CORRECT ANSWER A.) Prevents/decreases the incidence of acute manic episodes" "What is the action of Metformin? A.)Decrease intestinal glucose absorption B.) Increase sensitivity to insulin C.) Decrease hepatic glucose production D.) All of the above - - CORRECT ANSWER D.) All of the above" "What is the medication effectiveness of Propranolol? Select all that apply. A.) Decrease in BP B.) Prevention of MI C.) Decrease tremors D.) Decrease in GI pain and irritation - CORRECT ANSWER - A.) Decrease in BP B.) Prevention of MI C.) Decrease tremors" "Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms: a. extended-release b. inhalation c. intravenously d. orally - CORRECT ANSWER - c. intravenously" "A side effect given off by omeprazole is: a. bloody stools b. change in stomach pH c. thirst d. constipation - CORRECT ANSWER a. bloody stool" "The classification of digoxin is: a. antithrombic b. nitrates c. antiplatelet agent d. cardiac glycosides - - CORRECT ANSWER d. cardiac glycosides" "66 - CORRECT ANSWER " A nurse gathering health history on a pt without any known diseases. The pt informs the nurse he takes Glimepiride. The nurse should question the pt about the presence of what disease? - CORRECT ANSWER type 2 diabetes" "stimulates the release of insulin of beta cells - CORRECT ANSWER sulfonylureas" "An elderly pt is is prescribed Ciproflaxin for the treatment of a UTI. The nurse should inform the pt of which potentially serious adverse side effects? - CORRECT ANSWER tendon rupture" "A pt is taking spironolactone for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse notices EKG changes on the patient's heart monitor. What blood abnormality should the nurse suspect as the cause of such changes? hypokalemia leukocytosis hyperkalemia hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER hyperkalemia" "potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause hyperkalemia, potentially resulting in cardiac arrhythmias - CORRECT ANSWER spironolactone" "A pt is admitted to the hospital after a severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin. Which of the following classes of antibiotics should the pt avoid in the future? Tetracyclines Macrolides Cephalosporins Fluroquinolones - CORRECT ANSWER Cephalosporins" "A nurse is obtaining med history from a pt with GERD. The pt claims to take omeprazole and warfarin at bedtime. The nurse should be concerned because: - CORRECT ANSWER omeprazole magnifies the effects of coumadin" "Diltiazem is used for the treatment of: - CORRECT ANSWER arrhythmias/hypertension" "A pt has been prescribed nateglinide for the treatment of hyperglycemia. The patient should take this medication: Before bedtime 30 min - CORRECT ANSWER " "A pt diagnosed with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. Which of the following can interact with the effects of warfarin? Carrots Ferrous sulfate Furosemide Dark leafy green veggies - CORRECT ANSWER dark leafy green veggies" "The pt tells the nurse he takes antacids after every meal. What should the nurse tell the pt regarding antacid administration? Do not take antacids within 2 hrs of other meds Do not take more than once per day Take antacids before meals Do not take at bedtime - CORRECT ANSWER do not take within 2 hrs of other meds" "A 64 y/o pt is found unresponsive. After attaching a heart monitor, his EKG reveals ventricular fibrillation. What drug should the nurse prepare to administer? Epinephrine Dobutamine Dopamine Atropine - CORRECT ANSWER Epinephrine" "Psychosis, nausea, dizziness, postural hypotension, constipation, and dry mouth are side effects of what type of medication? - CORRECT ANSWER dopaminergic" "A pt is admitted to the hospital after taking an iverdose of imipramine. The nurse administers activated charcoal knowing that the charcoal will: bind with the drug neutralize all gastric content induce vomiting compete for receptor sites - CORRECT ANSWER bind with the drug" "A pt with testicular cancer is administered Cisplatin. The nurse concludes that the pt is having a side effect based on which finding? Increased appetite Hypertension Confusion Increased creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER increased creatinine" "A pt recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. The nurse should include which adverse reactions in the patient's discharge instructions? (multiple) Anxiety Lethargy Flushing Hypertension Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER anxiety, flushing, hypertension" "A pt is receiving an IV infusion of metronidazole for the treatment of c. difficile. The nurse should monitor for which rare, but serious side effect? Torsades de pointes constipation hallucinations seizures - CORRECT ANSWER seizures" "A pt suffering from status epilepticus is put on mechanical ventilation and is sedated with high dose propofol on order to reduce brain activity. Which of the following deficiencies is the pt at risk for? Zinc Potassium Lipids Calcium - CORRECT ANSWER zinc" "A pt is prescribed mupirocin topical ointment for the treatment of impetigo. While applying this med, the nurse should instruct the pt to: Warm ointment before application Apply a generous amount to both affected and unaffected areas Overapplication is not a concern Apply sparingly, only to affected areas - CORRECT ANSWER apply sparingly" "A pt with severe sepsis is at risk for pseudomembranous colitis when taking taking which of the following medications?(multiple) Clindamycin Ceftriaxone Miconazole Ampicillin Amoxicillin - CORRECT ANSWER clindamycin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin, amoxicillin" "A nurse caring for a pt prescribed cyclosporine should monitor for which common side effect? Hypotension Acne Muscle pain Hirsutism - CORRECT ANSWER Hirsutism" "A pt is administered morphine, 20 mg PO, for the management of post-operative pain. How long after the administration should the nurse expect the pt's pain to improve? 45-60 min 5-15 min 15-60 min 30-60 min - CORRECT ANSWER 15-60 min" "A pt with severe rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methylprednisolone to control inflammation. The nurse is creating a teaching plan to include common side effects of long-term corticosteroid use. Which of the following should be included? Poor wound handling Peptic ulcer disease Skin atrophy Osteoporosis Hyperglycemia Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER poor wound healing, peptic ulcer disease, skin atrophy, osteoporosis, and hyperglycemia" "A pt is taking triamterene as part of a multidrug regiment for congestive heart failure. What should the nurse assess when the patient has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L? Level of consciousness Telemetry monitor readings Bowel function Reflexes - CORRECT ANSWER Telemetry monitor readings" "A nurse has initiated an IV infusion of vancomycin. During the first 10 min, the nurse should monitor for which of the following indications of a severe drug reaction? Bradycardia Apnea Hypertension Flushing - CORRECT ANSWER flushing" "A pt has been taking betamethasone for the treatment of COPD. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further instruction? " I will immediately discontinue this med if I experience skin thinning" "I should stay alert to symptoms of a high blood sugar" "I will continue my blood pressure medication" "If I want to get pregnant I should talk to my physician first" - CORRECT ANSWER "I will immediately discontinue this med if I experience skin thinning""