BSN 266 HESI MED SURGE (Latest 2025/
2026 Update) Questions and Verified
Answers |100% Correct| Grade A-
Nightingale
Question 1 of 55
The nurse is evaluating a client's understanding about the DASH
(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which
behavior indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?
- A Uses only lactose-free dairy products.
- B Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables.
- C No longer incudes grains in daily diet.
- D Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack food. -
ANSWER - D Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional
snack food.
Question 2 of 55
A client who has a history of hypothyroidism was initially
admitted with lethargy and confusion. Which additional finding
warrants the most immediate action by the nurse? [Hematocrit
(Reference Range: Male: 42% to 52% (0.42 to 0.52 volume
fraction)]
- A Further decline in level of consciousness.
- B Hematocrit of 30% (0.30 volume fraction)
,- C Cold and dry skin.
- D Facial puffiness and periorbital edema - ANSWER
- A Further decline in level of consciousness.
Question 3 of 55
The nurse is caring for a client with a burn that is severely
edematous with a wound bed that is brown and yellow in
appearance. The client expresses feeling no pain. Which
classification of burn depth should the nurse document?
- A Deep full-thickness.
- B Full thickness.
- C Deep partial-thickness.
- D Superficial partial-thickness. - ANSWER -B
Full thickness.
Question 4 of 55
An older client who is agitated, dyspneic, orthopneic, and using
accessory muscles to breathe is admitted for further treatment.
Initial assessment includes a heart rate 128 beats/minute and
irregular, respirations 38 breaths/minute, blood pressure 168/100
mm Hg, wheezes and crackles in all lung fields. An hour after
the administration of furosemide 60 mg intravenous (IV), which
assessment(s) should the nurse obtain to determine the client's
response to treatment? (Select all that apply.)
- A Urinary output.
,- B Oxygen saturation.
- C Pain scale.
- D Lung sounds.
- E Skin elasticity. - ANSWER - A Urinary output.
- B Oxygen saturation.
- D Lung sounds.
Orthopneic position, sometimes called tripod position, is a
sitting position where an individual leans slightly forward with
their arms propped up on an overbed table or their knees.
Orthopnea is the sensation of breathlessness in the recumbent
(lying down) position, relieved by sitting or standing.
Question 5 of 55
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to
begin dialysis. Which condition entered on the client's medical
record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for
peritoneal dialysis?
- A Nephrotic syndrome history.
- B Crohn's disease with colectomy.
- C Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- D Latent hepatitis C. - ANSWER - B Crohn's
disease with colectomy.
Question # 5
Rationale - B Crohn's disease with colectomy.
, The nurse should recognize that clients with extensive intra-
abdominal surgical history are not candidates for peritoneal
dialysis, as these clients may have decreased peritoneal
membrane surface areas and scar tissue formation, which would
make it insufficient for adequate dialysis exchange.
Question 6 of 55
The nurse assesses a client with cirrhosis and finds 4+ pitting
edema of the feet and legs, and massive ascites. Which
mechanism contributes to edema and ascites in clients with
cirrhosis?
- A Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral
circulation.
- B Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium
reabsorption in renal tubules.
- C Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase
in renal blood flow.
- D Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal
oncotic pressure. - ANSWER -D
Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic
pressure.
The three main things that the liver produces are albumin, bile
(digestive enzymes), and prothrombin (clotting factors).
Albumin plays many important roles including maintenance of
appropriate osmotic pressure, binding and transport of various
substances like hormones, drugs etc. in blood, and neutralisation
of free radicals. It prevents fluid from leaking out of blood
vessels into your tissues. Albumin is also responsible for
2026 Update) Questions and Verified
Answers |100% Correct| Grade A-
Nightingale
Question 1 of 55
The nurse is evaluating a client's understanding about the DASH
(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which
behavior indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?
- A Uses only lactose-free dairy products.
- B Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables.
- C No longer incudes grains in daily diet.
- D Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack food. -
ANSWER - D Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional
snack food.
Question 2 of 55
A client who has a history of hypothyroidism was initially
admitted with lethargy and confusion. Which additional finding
warrants the most immediate action by the nurse? [Hematocrit
(Reference Range: Male: 42% to 52% (0.42 to 0.52 volume
fraction)]
- A Further decline in level of consciousness.
- B Hematocrit of 30% (0.30 volume fraction)
,- C Cold and dry skin.
- D Facial puffiness and periorbital edema - ANSWER
- A Further decline in level of consciousness.
Question 3 of 55
The nurse is caring for a client with a burn that is severely
edematous with a wound bed that is brown and yellow in
appearance. The client expresses feeling no pain. Which
classification of burn depth should the nurse document?
- A Deep full-thickness.
- B Full thickness.
- C Deep partial-thickness.
- D Superficial partial-thickness. - ANSWER -B
Full thickness.
Question 4 of 55
An older client who is agitated, dyspneic, orthopneic, and using
accessory muscles to breathe is admitted for further treatment.
Initial assessment includes a heart rate 128 beats/minute and
irregular, respirations 38 breaths/minute, blood pressure 168/100
mm Hg, wheezes and crackles in all lung fields. An hour after
the administration of furosemide 60 mg intravenous (IV), which
assessment(s) should the nurse obtain to determine the client's
response to treatment? (Select all that apply.)
- A Urinary output.
,- B Oxygen saturation.
- C Pain scale.
- D Lung sounds.
- E Skin elasticity. - ANSWER - A Urinary output.
- B Oxygen saturation.
- D Lung sounds.
Orthopneic position, sometimes called tripod position, is a
sitting position where an individual leans slightly forward with
their arms propped up on an overbed table or their knees.
Orthopnea is the sensation of breathlessness in the recumbent
(lying down) position, relieved by sitting or standing.
Question 5 of 55
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to
begin dialysis. Which condition entered on the client's medical
record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for
peritoneal dialysis?
- A Nephrotic syndrome history.
- B Crohn's disease with colectomy.
- C Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- D Latent hepatitis C. - ANSWER - B Crohn's
disease with colectomy.
Question # 5
Rationale - B Crohn's disease with colectomy.
, The nurse should recognize that clients with extensive intra-
abdominal surgical history are not candidates for peritoneal
dialysis, as these clients may have decreased peritoneal
membrane surface areas and scar tissue formation, which would
make it insufficient for adequate dialysis exchange.
Question 6 of 55
The nurse assesses a client with cirrhosis and finds 4+ pitting
edema of the feet and legs, and massive ascites. Which
mechanism contributes to edema and ascites in clients with
cirrhosis?
- A Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral
circulation.
- B Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium
reabsorption in renal tubules.
- C Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase
in renal blood flow.
- D Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal
oncotic pressure. - ANSWER -D
Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic
pressure.
The three main things that the liver produces are albumin, bile
(digestive enzymes), and prothrombin (clotting factors).
Albumin plays many important roles including maintenance of
appropriate osmotic pressure, binding and transport of various
substances like hormones, drugs etc. in blood, and neutralisation
of free radicals. It prevents fluid from leaking out of blood
vessels into your tissues. Albumin is also responsible for
