MN 502 – Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025 Q&A | Instant Download PDF Purdue
Global University
1. Which cellular process results in energy production in the form of ATP?
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Cellular respiration
D. Mitosis
Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation to produce ATP.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely in a patient with severe
diarrhea?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Excessive GI losses from diarrhea commonly lead to potassium loss and
hypokalemia.
,3. Which organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptide chains, producing proteins.
4. Which hormone increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis?
A. Insulin
B. Calcitonin
C. Glucagon
D. Parathyroid hormone
Glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
5. Which acid-base imbalance is expected in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes
mellitus with ketoacidosis?
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory acidosis
In diabetic ketoacidosis, ketone accumulation causes metabolic acidosis.
6. What is the initial response of the kidney to hypovolemia?
A. Decrease renin secretion
B. Increase GFR
C. Activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
D. Increase sodium excretion
, The RAAS is activated to conserve sodium and water, restoring blood
volume.
7. Which of the following is an example of active immunity?
A. Placental transfer of antibodies
B. Administration of immunoglobulin
C. Immunization with a vaccine
D. Antibody infusion therapy
Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce its own antibodies.
8. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis?
A. Type II
B. Type III
C. Type I
D. Type IV
Anaphylaxis is an IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
9. Which neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson’s disease?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Dopamine
C. GABA
D. Serotonin
Dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra causes Parkinsonian symptoms.
10.Which WBC type is most involved in bacterial infections?
A. Eosinophils
B. Basophils
C. Monocytes
Pathophysiology Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025 Q&A | Instant Download PDF Purdue
Global University
1. Which cellular process results in energy production in the form of ATP?
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Cellular respiration
D. Mitosis
Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation to produce ATP.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely in a patient with severe
diarrhea?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Excessive GI losses from diarrhea commonly lead to potassium loss and
hypokalemia.
,3. Which organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptide chains, producing proteins.
4. Which hormone increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis?
A. Insulin
B. Calcitonin
C. Glucagon
D. Parathyroid hormone
Glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
5. Which acid-base imbalance is expected in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes
mellitus with ketoacidosis?
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory acidosis
In diabetic ketoacidosis, ketone accumulation causes metabolic acidosis.
6. What is the initial response of the kidney to hypovolemia?
A. Decrease renin secretion
B. Increase GFR
C. Activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
D. Increase sodium excretion
, The RAAS is activated to conserve sodium and water, restoring blood
volume.
7. Which of the following is an example of active immunity?
A. Placental transfer of antibodies
B. Administration of immunoglobulin
C. Immunization with a vaccine
D. Antibody infusion therapy
Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce its own antibodies.
8. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis?
A. Type II
B. Type III
C. Type I
D. Type IV
Anaphylaxis is an IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
9. Which neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson’s disease?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Dopamine
C. GABA
D. Serotonin
Dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra causes Parkinsonian symptoms.
10.Which WBC type is most involved in bacterial infections?
A. Eosinophils
B. Basophils
C. Monocytes
