WGU D115 VOCABULARY UNIT 2(13-15) GENETIC INFLUENCE ON PATIENT OUTCOMES 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS FIRST CLASS PASS

WGU D115 VOCABULARY UNIT 2(13-15) GENETIC INFLUENCE ON PATIENT OUTCOMES 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS FIRST CLASS PASS 2025 EXAM  WGU D115 VOCABULARY UNIT 2(13-15) GENETIC INFLUENCE ON PATIENT OUTCOMES 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS FIRST CLASS PASS Locus - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the particular location, or position, of a segment of DNA; can refer to the position of a single gene or to the position of a segment of DNA containing many genes such as the β-globin locus on chromosome 11 which contains five functional genes and one pseudogene Gene - CORRECT ANSWER The term that defines a unit of heredity; there are both coding (protein-coding genes) and noncoding genes Allele - CORRECT ANSWER All humans inherit a copy of their DNA from each parent and each parental set of chromosomes contains different versions (approximately 3-5 million different bases) termed alleles; for any given gene there are two alleles: the maternal and the paternal versions; for any given gene there is a common allele referred to as the wild-type allele Variant (Mutant) - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the sequence differences in a gene relative to that of the wild-type gene due to the presence of a mutation; can refer to mutation causing disease but does not necessarily imply difference in function Polymorphism - CORRECT ANSWER Denotes variant alleles of a particular DNA sequence; the most common polymorphisms are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) but the term can refer to much larger sequences of DNA Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the overall genetic composition of a genome in an organism Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the observable characteristics resulting from an organism's genotype; genotype does not always specifically control phenotype due to the processes of epigenetics Homozygous/homozygote - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to having the same allele on both homologous chromosomes at a particular locus Heterozygous/heterozygote - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to having different alleles on both homologous chromosomes at a particular locus Compound heterozygote - CORRECT ANSWER Defines the genotype in which two different mutant alleles of a gene are present as opposed to one wild-type allele and one mutant allele; an individual that inherit a sickle cell anemia allele (HbS) from one parent and a hemoglobin C allele from the other is an example of a compound heterozygote; designated HbSC Hemizygous/hemizygote - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the situation where there is only one copy of a gene such as in males with respect to the X chromosome or likewise in Turner syndrome females resulting from loss of one of the two X chromosomes Dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER represents a variant of a gene that will produce a phenotype even in the presence of other alleles Recessive allele - CORRECT ANSWER Represents a variant of a gene that will not produce a phenotype on its own; two copies of these types of alleles are required to manifest a phenotype Allelic heterogeneity - CORRECT ANSWER Represents the situation where multiple different mutations in the same gene result in the same clinical disorder, possibly with variable phenotypic expression; cystic fibrosis, of varying severity, results from over 1500 different mutations in the CFTR gene Locus heterogeneity - CORRECT ANSWER represents the situation where the same, or highly similar, clinical phenotype arises due to mutations in different genes; osteogenesis imperfecta is a generalized fragile bone disease that results from mutations in at least 13 different genes Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the situation where a chromosome has lost an entire gene or an entire section of a chromosome; LOH is common in the development of many cancers