Correct Answers(Latest
Version)Updated.
Anemia - Answer Reduction in rbc ans hgb. Occurs when insult is severe enough to exceed the
reserves
Causes of anemia - Answer Acute blood loss
Chronic blood loss
Reduced RBC production
Premature destruction
Acute rhinosinusitis - Answer Inflammation of mucosal passages lasting greater then 4 weeks
Most common pathogen in ABRS, CAP and AOM? - Answer S. Pneumo
H. influenza
M. Catarrahalis
What are the risk for DRSP in ABRS? - Answer Age less then 2 or greater then 65
Daycare
Prior abx in 1 month
Prior hospitalization in 5 days
Comorbidities
Immune compromised
First line empiric therapy for ABRS? - Answer Augmentin 500/125 BID
Secondary
doxycycline 200mg Po daily or 2000mg augmentin BID
,Which medication are CYP450 3A4 inhibitors? - Answer Macrolides except Azithromycin
Erythromycin and Clarithromycin
Causes substrate level to increase and cause toxicity
Which medication is cyp450 inducer? - Answer St. John's wart
Reduced drug levels and makes medication ineffective
Ex. Warfarin and St. John's wart reduces warfarin levels
What is conductive hearing loss? - Answer Local hearing loss caused by earwax, foreign object
or ruptured ear drum, ear infection.
Weber test sound lateralize to affected ear
Rinne test negative resulting in bone conduction better then air conduction
sensorineural hearing loss - Answer hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea's receptor
cells or to the auditory nerves.
allergic rhinitis and treatment? - Answer an allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes
an increased flow of mucus.
Avoid allergen
1st line therapy = intranasal corticosteroids such as Fluticasone and adjunctively LTM can be
added such as singulair
Reliever therapy = second Generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) or cetrizine
(Zyrtec)
Syphilitic chancre - Answer Mostly occurs in anogential area and goes away in 3 weeks
Apathaous stomatitis - Answer Also known as canker sore... very tender and painful
Cranial nerves mnemonic? - Answer Oh oh oh towering tops A Finn and German viewed some
Hops!
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girls' Vaginas and Hymens.
, Trochlear = eye movement in and out
Trigeminal = chewing, face and mouth, touch and pain
Abducens = look side to side
Facial = controls most facial expressions secretions of tears saliva and taste 2/3 of tongue taste
Acoustic = hearing and equilibrium
Gossopharyngeal = taste and senses carotid BP
Vagus = slowed heart rate,
Spinal accessor = shoulder shrug
Hypoglossal = move tongue
Triad of opthamalogic emergency? - Answer Redness, pain, vision changes of eye
macular degeneration? - Answer Central vision loss
open angle glaucoma - Answer Peripheral vision loss
Floating spots in visual field - Answer Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Which test is used to evaluate the anterior eye structure including cornea, conjunctiva, sclera
and iris? - Answer Slit- lamp examination
General visual acuity screen test? - Answer Snellen chart
Early detection of macular degeneration? - Answer Amsler grid test.... remember the wavy
lines and dot as hole on graph paper
Which equipment is used to measure the IOP in glaucoma screening test? - Answer Tonometry
What is angle closure glaucoma? - Answer Increase IOP... opthalmic emergency... increase
redness, pain and vision change... halos around lights
What is Anosmia? - Answer Loss of smell or taste... accelerated by tobacco use.