BIOLOGY 301 ECOLOGY AND
EVOLUTION- EXAM 1
Ecology - Correct Answers -· The study of the interactions of organisms with one
another and with their environment
ecology - Correct Answers -· The study of the distribution and abundance of organisms
evolution - Correct Answers -· Change in a population's gene pool over time
evolution - Correct Answers -· Science of the origins of biological diversity and its
distribution
individual - Correct Answers -the most fundamental unit of ecology (membrane that
separates internal processes from the external environment
population - Correct Answers -individuals of the same species living in a particular area
and interbreeding (geographic range, abundance, density, change in size, composition)
community - Correct Answers -populations of species living together in a particular area
ecosystem - Correct Answers -one or more communities of living organisms interacting
with their nonliving physical and chemical environments (cycling of matter within and
between ecosystems)
biosphere - Correct Answers -all ecosystems on earth (linked together by exchanges of
wind and water and by the movement of organisms)
individua approach - Correct Answers -understands how adaptations or characteristics
of an individual's morphology, physiology, and behavior enable it to survive in an
environment
population approach - Correct Answers -examines variation in the number, density, and
composition of individuals over time and space.
community approach - Correct Answers -understands the diversity and interactions of
organisms living together in the same place
, ecosystem approach - Correct Answers -describes the storage and transfer of energy
and matter
biosphere approach - Correct Answers -examines movements of energy and chemicals
over the Earth's surface
natural selection - Correct Answers -a change in the frequency of alleles in a population
through differential survival and reproduction of individuals that possess certain
phenotypes (individuals with higher fitness will pass more copies of their genes to the
next generation, and that phenotype will come to dominate
Darwin's 4 Postulates - Correct Answers -1. Individuals in a population vary in their traits
2. Some of these differences are heritable; they are passed on to offspring
3. variation in traits causes some individuals to experience higher fitness
predation - Correct Answers -when an organism kills and consumes individuals
Paraistism - Correct Answers -when one organism lives in or on another organism
herbivory - Correct Answers -when one organism consumes producers
competition - Correct Answers -when two organisms that depend on the same
resources have a negative effect on each other
delayed density dependence (discrete) - Correct Answers -the amount of cycling in a
population depends on r in a discrete model
deterministic model - Correct Answers -a model that is designed to predict a result
without accounting for random variation in population growth rate.
stochastic model - Correct Answers -a model that incorporates random variation in
population growth rate; assumes that variation in birth and death rates is due to random
chance.
mutualism - Correct Answers -· when two species benefit from each other
Commensalism - Correct Answers -when two species live in close association and one
receives a benefit, whereas the other is unaffected
habitat - Correct Answers -· the place or physical setting, where an organism lives,
distinguished by physical features such as dominant plant type
niche - Correct Answers -· the range of abiotic and biotic conditions as organism can
tolerate
hypothese - Correct Answers -ideas that potentially explain a repeated observation
EVOLUTION- EXAM 1
Ecology - Correct Answers -· The study of the interactions of organisms with one
another and with their environment
ecology - Correct Answers -· The study of the distribution and abundance of organisms
evolution - Correct Answers -· Change in a population's gene pool over time
evolution - Correct Answers -· Science of the origins of biological diversity and its
distribution
individual - Correct Answers -the most fundamental unit of ecology (membrane that
separates internal processes from the external environment
population - Correct Answers -individuals of the same species living in a particular area
and interbreeding (geographic range, abundance, density, change in size, composition)
community - Correct Answers -populations of species living together in a particular area
ecosystem - Correct Answers -one or more communities of living organisms interacting
with their nonliving physical and chemical environments (cycling of matter within and
between ecosystems)
biosphere - Correct Answers -all ecosystems on earth (linked together by exchanges of
wind and water and by the movement of organisms)
individua approach - Correct Answers -understands how adaptations or characteristics
of an individual's morphology, physiology, and behavior enable it to survive in an
environment
population approach - Correct Answers -examines variation in the number, density, and
composition of individuals over time and space.
community approach - Correct Answers -understands the diversity and interactions of
organisms living together in the same place
, ecosystem approach - Correct Answers -describes the storage and transfer of energy
and matter
biosphere approach - Correct Answers -examines movements of energy and chemicals
over the Earth's surface
natural selection - Correct Answers -a change in the frequency of alleles in a population
through differential survival and reproduction of individuals that possess certain
phenotypes (individuals with higher fitness will pass more copies of their genes to the
next generation, and that phenotype will come to dominate
Darwin's 4 Postulates - Correct Answers -1. Individuals in a population vary in their traits
2. Some of these differences are heritable; they are passed on to offspring
3. variation in traits causes some individuals to experience higher fitness
predation - Correct Answers -when an organism kills and consumes individuals
Paraistism - Correct Answers -when one organism lives in or on another organism
herbivory - Correct Answers -when one organism consumes producers
competition - Correct Answers -when two organisms that depend on the same
resources have a negative effect on each other
delayed density dependence (discrete) - Correct Answers -the amount of cycling in a
population depends on r in a discrete model
deterministic model - Correct Answers -a model that is designed to predict a result
without accounting for random variation in population growth rate.
stochastic model - Correct Answers -a model that incorporates random variation in
population growth rate; assumes that variation in birth and death rates is due to random
chance.
mutualism - Correct Answers -· when two species benefit from each other
Commensalism - Correct Answers -when two species live in close association and one
receives a benefit, whereas the other is unaffected
habitat - Correct Answers -· the place or physical setting, where an organism lives,
distinguished by physical features such as dominant plant type
niche - Correct Answers -· the range of abiotic and biotic conditions as organism can
tolerate
hypothese - Correct Answers -ideas that potentially explain a repeated observation
