MARINE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pterocladia lucida is used in New Zealand for the production of high quality __________
- Answers :Agar
Undaria pinnatifida is found throughout New Zealand, but it is an _______________
species - Answers :invasive
Planktonic organisms that spend their entire life-history in the water colum are known as
_______________ - Answers :Holoplankton
The three major zones of a rocky shore are called the ______________ fringe, the
___________ zone and the _______________ fringe - Answers :intertidal, midlittoral,
infralittoral
In the deep sea, the region where some light is still present is called the __________
zone, while the region with no light is called the ________________ zone - Answers
:dysphotic, aphotic
The three major environmental problems experienced by organisms living at a
hydrothermal vent are high temperature, toxic chemicals and low levels of __________
- Answers :oxygen
In muddy substrates, the transition layer between the upper oxygenated region and the
lower anoxic region is known as the _____________________ layer - Answers :Redox
potential discontinuity (RDP)
Sandy shores are characterised by a ______ biomass and _________ diversity of
species - Answers :low, low
The two major types of roots or root sructures used by mangroves to tolerate anoxic
sediment are called __________ roots and ____________________ - Answers :prop,
pnuematophores
Seagrasses anchor themselves into sediment by means of underground stems called
_______________, and _________ that arise from these underground stems - Answers
:rhizomes, roots
Zonation on mudflats is largely determined by ________________ - Answers :predation
The upper distribution of rocky shore organisms tends to be determined by
____________ factors - Answers :abiotic
The lower limit of the rocky shore organisms tends to be determined by __________
factors - Answers :biotic
, A hydrothermal vent where the metal sulphides are depositied before rather than after,
is known as a ____________ smoker - Answers :white
Which is an abiotic component of a marine ecosystem? - Answers :Sand on the ocean
floor
Loggerhead sea turtles, like all marine turtle populations, have suffered due to harmful
biotic and abiotic factors. In looking at the following graph of loggerhead turtle nests in
Florida during the years 1989 to 2015, when do you predict regulations were put into
place to protect sea turtle populations? - Answers :2005-2007
The interaction between seagrass and its environment impacts its distribution and
abundance. What do you predict are three abiotic causes of declines in seagrass
communities? - Answers :Industrial and agricultural runoff, coastal infrastructure
development, and dredging
In a typical marine food chain, which role do small, herbivorous fish occupy? - Answers
:Primary consumer
The diagram below shows a marine food chain with the amount of energy available to
each trophic level in parentheses. Why does the amount of energy decrease as you
move up the chain? - Answers :Some energy is lost as heat or not consumed by
organisms at the next trophic level.
Why would scientists use the model of a food web shown in the diagram? - Answers
:They would use it to show the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Which of the choices below is the best description of how commensalism differs from
mutualism? - Answers :Only one organism benefits in commensalism, while both benefit
in mutualism.
Some "cleaner fish" consume parasites and mucus from the skin of larger fish. What
would be a reasonable argument for why this could be a mutualism rather than a
commensal relationship? - Answers :The cleaner fish reduce the number of parasites on
the larger fish.
Some sponges produce toxins that harm other sponges. What is the best explanation
for why they do this? - Answers :They produce toxins to help them claim physical space
for which they compete with other sponges.
Changes to rivers and streams can happen naturally, but has increased over the years
due to which kind of human activity? - Answers :Humans build dams and redirect water
flow.
Pterocladia lucida is used in New Zealand for the production of high quality __________
- Answers :Agar
Undaria pinnatifida is found throughout New Zealand, but it is an _______________
species - Answers :invasive
Planktonic organisms that spend their entire life-history in the water colum are known as
_______________ - Answers :Holoplankton
The three major zones of a rocky shore are called the ______________ fringe, the
___________ zone and the _______________ fringe - Answers :intertidal, midlittoral,
infralittoral
In the deep sea, the region where some light is still present is called the __________
zone, while the region with no light is called the ________________ zone - Answers
:dysphotic, aphotic
The three major environmental problems experienced by organisms living at a
hydrothermal vent are high temperature, toxic chemicals and low levels of __________
- Answers :oxygen
In muddy substrates, the transition layer between the upper oxygenated region and the
lower anoxic region is known as the _____________________ layer - Answers :Redox
potential discontinuity (RDP)
Sandy shores are characterised by a ______ biomass and _________ diversity of
species - Answers :low, low
The two major types of roots or root sructures used by mangroves to tolerate anoxic
sediment are called __________ roots and ____________________ - Answers :prop,
pnuematophores
Seagrasses anchor themselves into sediment by means of underground stems called
_______________, and _________ that arise from these underground stems - Answers
:rhizomes, roots
Zonation on mudflats is largely determined by ________________ - Answers :predation
The upper distribution of rocky shore organisms tends to be determined by
____________ factors - Answers :abiotic
The lower limit of the rocky shore organisms tends to be determined by __________
factors - Answers :biotic
, A hydrothermal vent where the metal sulphides are depositied before rather than after,
is known as a ____________ smoker - Answers :white
Which is an abiotic component of a marine ecosystem? - Answers :Sand on the ocean
floor
Loggerhead sea turtles, like all marine turtle populations, have suffered due to harmful
biotic and abiotic factors. In looking at the following graph of loggerhead turtle nests in
Florida during the years 1989 to 2015, when do you predict regulations were put into
place to protect sea turtle populations? - Answers :2005-2007
The interaction between seagrass and its environment impacts its distribution and
abundance. What do you predict are three abiotic causes of declines in seagrass
communities? - Answers :Industrial and agricultural runoff, coastal infrastructure
development, and dredging
In a typical marine food chain, which role do small, herbivorous fish occupy? - Answers
:Primary consumer
The diagram below shows a marine food chain with the amount of energy available to
each trophic level in parentheses. Why does the amount of energy decrease as you
move up the chain? - Answers :Some energy is lost as heat or not consumed by
organisms at the next trophic level.
Why would scientists use the model of a food web shown in the diagram? - Answers
:They would use it to show the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Which of the choices below is the best description of how commensalism differs from
mutualism? - Answers :Only one organism benefits in commensalism, while both benefit
in mutualism.
Some "cleaner fish" consume parasites and mucus from the skin of larger fish. What
would be a reasonable argument for why this could be a mutualism rather than a
commensal relationship? - Answers :The cleaner fish reduce the number of parasites on
the larger fish.
Some sponges produce toxins that harm other sponges. What is the best explanation
for why they do this? - Answers :They produce toxins to help them claim physical space
for which they compete with other sponges.
Changes to rivers and streams can happen naturally, but has increased over the years
due to which kind of human activity? - Answers :Humans build dams and redirect water
flow.
