BIOD 101 FINAL EXAM
1. During the gram stain procedure, gram-positive bacteria retain a dye that is
______ in color, while gram-negative bacteria retain a dye that is _______ in
color.
Violet; pink
2. Match each of the following terms with the correct description.
Neutrophils – characterized by grainy, multi-lobed nuclei.
Lymphocytes – Include NK cells, B cells, and T cells
Monocytes – Macrophages and dendritic cells are differentiated versions of
this immune cells
Eosinophils – Fight parasitic infections by releasing damaging enzymes
3. True or false. If false, explain why it is false.
Barrier defenses fall under the adaptive arm of the immune system
FALSE, barrier defenses fall under the innate arm of the immune system.
4. Matter can exist in which state?
Gaseous, solid, liquid, and plasma
5. The foundational building blocks of proteins and the organic compounds
_____, which are held together by ________ bonds.
Aminoacids; peptide
6. What are the two distinct methods by which particles cross a selectively
permeable membrane?
Active and passive transport
7. What type of lipid is made up of four, fused carbon rings with attached
functional groups that often contain an alcohol?
Steroids
8. What type of ion carries a positive charge?
Cation
9. Which double membrane-enclosed organelles are the site of cellular
respiration?
Mitochondria
10.What type of transport requires energy to move substances through the cell
membrane? Provide an example of this type of transport.
Active transport, sodium-potassium pump.
, 11.Which of the following is/are a type of organic compound that
biomacromolecules are comprised of?
Nucleic acids; lipids; proteins; carbohydrates
12.What type of cell junctions lock together along the longitudinal edge of a cell
to enable many cells to be linked together in sheets?
Desmosomes
13.What chemical molecules carry genetic information within the cell?
Nucleic acids
14.Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells possess a nuclear membrane
15.True or false; If false, make the statement true. Trace elements are required
only in small quantities.
TRUE
16.As part of the cytoskeleton, what role do microtubules serve?
Provide structure and support
17.What are the two main components of phospholipids?
Polar head group, non-polar tail group
18.________ is the diffusion of lipid-soluble molecules across a membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
19.What type of reaction is responsible for the formation of starch and
glycogen?
Dehydration
20.What type of passive transport relies on the tendency of solutes to move
from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Simple diffusion
21.Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nuclear membrane
22.What model of membrane structure proposes that the membrane is a
phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are either partially or entirely
embedded?
Fluid-mosaic model
23.Which of the following bonds are generated based on the attraction between
oppositely charged particles?
Ionic
1. During the gram stain procedure, gram-positive bacteria retain a dye that is
______ in color, while gram-negative bacteria retain a dye that is _______ in
color.
Violet; pink
2. Match each of the following terms with the correct description.
Neutrophils – characterized by grainy, multi-lobed nuclei.
Lymphocytes – Include NK cells, B cells, and T cells
Monocytes – Macrophages and dendritic cells are differentiated versions of
this immune cells
Eosinophils – Fight parasitic infections by releasing damaging enzymes
3. True or false. If false, explain why it is false.
Barrier defenses fall under the adaptive arm of the immune system
FALSE, barrier defenses fall under the innate arm of the immune system.
4. Matter can exist in which state?
Gaseous, solid, liquid, and plasma
5. The foundational building blocks of proteins and the organic compounds
_____, which are held together by ________ bonds.
Aminoacids; peptide
6. What are the two distinct methods by which particles cross a selectively
permeable membrane?
Active and passive transport
7. What type of lipid is made up of four, fused carbon rings with attached
functional groups that often contain an alcohol?
Steroids
8. What type of ion carries a positive charge?
Cation
9. Which double membrane-enclosed organelles are the site of cellular
respiration?
Mitochondria
10.What type of transport requires energy to move substances through the cell
membrane? Provide an example of this type of transport.
Active transport, sodium-potassium pump.
, 11.Which of the following is/are a type of organic compound that
biomacromolecules are comprised of?
Nucleic acids; lipids; proteins; carbohydrates
12.What type of cell junctions lock together along the longitudinal edge of a cell
to enable many cells to be linked together in sheets?
Desmosomes
13.What chemical molecules carry genetic information within the cell?
Nucleic acids
14.Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells possess a nuclear membrane
15.True or false; If false, make the statement true. Trace elements are required
only in small quantities.
TRUE
16.As part of the cytoskeleton, what role do microtubules serve?
Provide structure and support
17.What are the two main components of phospholipids?
Polar head group, non-polar tail group
18.________ is the diffusion of lipid-soluble molecules across a membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
19.What type of reaction is responsible for the formation of starch and
glycogen?
Dehydration
20.What type of passive transport relies on the tendency of solutes to move
from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Simple diffusion
21.Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nuclear membrane
22.What model of membrane structure proposes that the membrane is a
phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are either partially or entirely
embedded?
Fluid-mosaic model
23.Which of the following bonds are generated based on the attraction between
oppositely charged particles?
Ionic
