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1. Chapter v01-01
Hematology vis vthe vstudy vof:
*a. vblood vcells.
b. serum velectrolytes.
c. plasma vhormone vlevels.
d. bacteria vin vthe vblood.
General vFeedback:
Hematology vis vthe vstudy vof vblood vcells—red vblood vcells, vwhite
vblood vcells, vand vplatelets. vPlasma vand vserum velectrolytes vand vhormone
vlevels vare vevaluated vin vvarious vsubdivisions vof vclinical vchemistry, vand
vbacteria vare vevaluated vin vclinical vmicrobiology.
2. Chapter v01-02
The vmorphology vof vblood vcells vis vimportant vto vevaluate:
a. every vtime va vcomplete vblood vcount v(CBC) vis vrequested von va
vpatient.
b. when van vinstrument-generated vflag vis vobtained.
*c. vwhen va vprofiling vinstrument vresult vis vabnormal.
d. vwhen vthe vwhite vcount vis velevated.
General vFeedback:
Every vlaboratory vmust vdetermine—based von vits vinstrumentation,
vneeds vof vthe vclinician vand vother vparameter vflags vthat valert vthe vmedical
vlaboratory vscientist vto vthe vnecessity vfor vfurther vevaluation—when vit vis
vnecessary vto vevaluate vcell vmorphology. vMany vinstrument-generated vflags,
valthough vuseful, vmay vnot vrequire vreview. vIf van vautomated vCBC vdoes vnot
vsuggest vthe vneed, vno vreason vexists vto vevaluate vthe vblood vfilm, veven vif
vthe vwhite vcount vis velevated.
3. Chapter v01-03
Who vis vultimately vresponsible vfor vdetermining vthe vspecimen vintegrity
vbefore vanalysis?
*a. vMedical vlaboratory vprofessional
b. Nursing vstaff
c. Phlebotomist
d. Specimen-processing vpersonnel
General vFeedback:
The vmedical vlaboratory vscientist vis vresponsible vfor vensuring
vthe vintegrity vof va vspecimen vbefore vanalysis. vOnly vhe vor vshe vcan vjudge
vwhether vthe vspecimen vis vacceptable vso vthat vvalid vresults vcan vbe
vobtained. vAcceptable vcriteria vinclude vsuch vthings vas vtype vof vspecimen
vfor vthe vtest vordered v(e.g., vblood, vserum, vurine); vappropriate vadditive
vpresent v(if vneeded) vand vamount vof vspecimen vrelative vto vthe vadditive;
vtime vinterval vsince vobtained; vand vpresence vor vabsence vof vhemolysis,
vlipemia, vand vother vsimilar vconditions. vNone vof vthe vother vpersonnel
vnamed vhave vthe veducation vand vunderstanding vto vfully vmake vthat vjudgment.
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4. Chapter v01-04
vHematocrit vis valso vcalled:
a. white vcell vcount.
b. bone vmarrow vexamination.
c. red vblood vcell v(RBC) vcount.
*d. vpacked vred vcell vvolume.
General vFeedback:
Historically vthe vhematocrit vwas vdetermined vby vcentrifuging van
valiquot vof vanticoagulated vwhole vblood vunder vspecified vconditions v(e.g.,
vcentrifugal vforce, vcapillary vtube vlength, vand vbore vdiameter) vand vthen
vdetermining vthe vratio vof vthe vspace voccupied vby vthe vpacked vred vcells
vcompared vwith vthat vof vthe ventire vblood vvolume vin vthe vcapillary vtube,
voften vexpressed vas va vpercentage. vHence, vit vis valso vcalled vthe vpacked
vred vcell vvolume.
5. Chapter v01-05
The vprimary vfunction vof vplatelets vis vto:
a. defend vthe vbody vagainst vbacterial vinvasion.
b. carry voxygen vto vtissues.
*c. vfacilitate vblood vclotting.
d. vregulate vacid-base vbalance.
General vFeedback:
Whenever vdisruption voccurs vto va vblood vvessel vso vthat vbleeding
vresults, vplatelets vrespond vinitially vto vstop vthe vbleeding vin vsmall
vvessels; vthey valso vplay van vintegral vrole vin vfacilitating vthe vformation
vof va vblood vclot. vWhite vcells vdefend vagainst vbacterial vinvasion; vred
vcells v(i.e., vhemoglobin) vcarry voxygen vto vtissues; vand va vcomplex
vinteraction vof vplasma velectrolytes, vproteins, vand vcarbon vdioxide
vparticipates vin vacid-base vbalance.
6. Chapter v01-06
Which vof vthe vfollowing vcan vbe vevaluated vonly vthrough vthe vmicroscopic
vexamination vof va vstained vblood vfilm?
a. White vblood vcell v(WBC) vcount
b. Reticulocyte vcount
c. Hemoglobin vconcentration
*d. vPresence vor vabsence vof vcytoplasmic vinclusions
General vFeedback:
Making vand vstaining va vblood vfilm vand vthen vplacing vit vunder va
vmicroscope vallow vthe vmedical vlaboratory vscientist vto vevaluate vthe
vmorphology vof vblood vcells vand vexamine vthem vfor vthe vpresence vor vabsence
vof vblood vcell vinclusions. vThese vinclusions vare vimportant vfor vcell
videntification vand, vwhen vabnormal vinclusions vare vpresent, vsometimes
vprovide v―clues‖ vas vto vthe vcause vof vdisease. vAll vthe vother vparameters
vmentioned vare vor vcan vbe vperformed vusing van vautomated vhematology
vinstrument, vincluding vreticulocyte vcounting.
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7. Chapter v01-07
Upon vcentrifugation vof va vblood vspecimen, vthe vlayer vbetween vthe vred
vblood vcells vand vplasma vis vcalled vthe:
a. hematocrit.
*b. vbuffy vcoat.
c. serum.
d. platelet vpellet.
General vFeedback:
When vblood vis vcentrifuged, vthe vlayer vbetween vthe vred vcells vand
vplasma vis vcalled vthe vbuffy vcoat. vThis vlayer vconsists vof vboth vwhite
vblood vcells vand vplatelets. vThe vhematocrit vis vthe vpacked vcell vvolume
vthat vreflects vthe vnumber vof vred vblood vcells. vThe vserum vis vthe vliquid
vportion vof vthe vblood vformed vfrom va vclotted vblood vsample. vThe vplatelet
vpellet vis va vspecial vlayer vof vplatelets vthat vis vrequired vfor vplatelet
vfunction vstudies. vThis vlayer vof vplatelets vis vprepared vfrom va vwhole
vblood vspecimen vusing vspecific vcentrifugation vtime vand vspeed.
8. Chapter v01-08
Select vthe vterm vthat vdescribes va vlow vwhite vblood vcell vcount.
*a. vLeukopenia
b. Leukocytosis
c. Neutropenia
d. Leukemia
General vFeedback:
The vterm vleukopenia vrefers vto va vlow vtotal vwhite vblood vcell
vcount. vLeukocytosis vis va vterm vthat vdescribes van vincrease vin vwhite vblood
vcell vcount. vNeutropenia vis va vlow vcell vcount vthat vis vspecific vto vthe
vneutrophils. vLeukemia vis vcancer vof vthe vblood vcells, vmost voften vwhite
vblood vcells.
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1. Chapter v01-01
Hematology vis vthe vstudy vof:
*a. vblood vcells.
b. serum velectrolytes.
c. plasma vhormone vlevels.
d. bacteria vin vthe vblood.
General vFeedback:
Hematology vis vthe vstudy vof vblood vcells—red vblood vcells, vwhite
vblood vcells, vand vplatelets. vPlasma vand vserum velectrolytes vand vhormone
vlevels vare vevaluated vin vvarious vsubdivisions vof vclinical vchemistry, vand
vbacteria vare vevaluated vin vclinical vmicrobiology.
2. Chapter v01-02
The vmorphology vof vblood vcells vis vimportant vto vevaluate:
a. every vtime va vcomplete vblood vcount v(CBC) vis vrequested von va
vpatient.
b. when van vinstrument-generated vflag vis vobtained.
*c. vwhen va vprofiling vinstrument vresult vis vabnormal.
d. vwhen vthe vwhite vcount vis velevated.
General vFeedback:
Every vlaboratory vmust vdetermine—based von vits vinstrumentation,
vneeds vof vthe vclinician vand vother vparameter vflags vthat valert vthe vmedical
vlaboratory vscientist vto vthe vnecessity vfor vfurther vevaluation—when vit vis
vnecessary vto vevaluate vcell vmorphology. vMany vinstrument-generated vflags,
valthough vuseful, vmay vnot vrequire vreview. vIf van vautomated vCBC vdoes vnot
vsuggest vthe vneed, vno vreason vexists vto vevaluate vthe vblood vfilm, veven vif
vthe vwhite vcount vis velevated.
3. Chapter v01-03
Who vis vultimately vresponsible vfor vdetermining vthe vspecimen vintegrity
vbefore vanalysis?
*a. vMedical vlaboratory vprofessional
b. Nursing vstaff
c. Phlebotomist
d. Specimen-processing vpersonnel
General vFeedback:
The vmedical vlaboratory vscientist vis vresponsible vfor vensuring
vthe vintegrity vof va vspecimen vbefore vanalysis. vOnly vhe vor vshe vcan vjudge
vwhether vthe vspecimen vis vacceptable vso vthat vvalid vresults vcan vbe
vobtained. vAcceptable vcriteria vinclude vsuch vthings vas vtype vof vspecimen
vfor vthe vtest vordered v(e.g., vblood, vserum, vurine); vappropriate vadditive
vpresent v(if vneeded) vand vamount vof vspecimen vrelative vto vthe vadditive;
vtime vinterval vsince vobtained; vand vpresence vor vabsence vof vhemolysis,
vlipemia, vand vother vsimilar vconditions. vNone vof vthe vother vpersonnel
vnamed vhave vthe veducation vand vunderstanding vto vfully vmake vthat vjudgment.
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4. Chapter v01-04
vHematocrit vis valso vcalled:
a. white vcell vcount.
b. bone vmarrow vexamination.
c. red vblood vcell v(RBC) vcount.
*d. vpacked vred vcell vvolume.
General vFeedback:
Historically vthe vhematocrit vwas vdetermined vby vcentrifuging van
valiquot vof vanticoagulated vwhole vblood vunder vspecified vconditions v(e.g.,
vcentrifugal vforce, vcapillary vtube vlength, vand vbore vdiameter) vand vthen
vdetermining vthe vratio vof vthe vspace voccupied vby vthe vpacked vred vcells
vcompared vwith vthat vof vthe ventire vblood vvolume vin vthe vcapillary vtube,
voften vexpressed vas va vpercentage. vHence, vit vis valso vcalled vthe vpacked
vred vcell vvolume.
5. Chapter v01-05
The vprimary vfunction vof vplatelets vis vto:
a. defend vthe vbody vagainst vbacterial vinvasion.
b. carry voxygen vto vtissues.
*c. vfacilitate vblood vclotting.
d. vregulate vacid-base vbalance.
General vFeedback:
Whenever vdisruption voccurs vto va vblood vvessel vso vthat vbleeding
vresults, vplatelets vrespond vinitially vto vstop vthe vbleeding vin vsmall
vvessels; vthey valso vplay van vintegral vrole vin vfacilitating vthe vformation
vof va vblood vclot. vWhite vcells vdefend vagainst vbacterial vinvasion; vred
vcells v(i.e., vhemoglobin) vcarry voxygen vto vtissues; vand va vcomplex
vinteraction vof vplasma velectrolytes, vproteins, vand vcarbon vdioxide
vparticipates vin vacid-base vbalance.
6. Chapter v01-06
Which vof vthe vfollowing vcan vbe vevaluated vonly vthrough vthe vmicroscopic
vexamination vof va vstained vblood vfilm?
a. White vblood vcell v(WBC) vcount
b. Reticulocyte vcount
c. Hemoglobin vconcentration
*d. vPresence vor vabsence vof vcytoplasmic vinclusions
General vFeedback:
Making vand vstaining va vblood vfilm vand vthen vplacing vit vunder va
vmicroscope vallow vthe vmedical vlaboratory vscientist vto vevaluate vthe
vmorphology vof vblood vcells vand vexamine vthem vfor vthe vpresence vor vabsence
vof vblood vcell vinclusions. vThese vinclusions vare vimportant vfor vcell
videntification vand, vwhen vabnormal vinclusions vare vpresent, vsometimes
vprovide v―clues‖ vas vto vthe vcause vof vdisease. vAll vthe vother vparameters
vmentioned vare vor vcan vbe vperformed vusing van vautomated vhematology
vinstrument, vincluding vreticulocyte vcounting.
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7. Chapter v01-07
Upon vcentrifugation vof va vblood vspecimen, vthe vlayer vbetween vthe vred
vblood vcells vand vplasma vis vcalled vthe:
a. hematocrit.
*b. vbuffy vcoat.
c. serum.
d. platelet vpellet.
General vFeedback:
When vblood vis vcentrifuged, vthe vlayer vbetween vthe vred vcells vand
vplasma vis vcalled vthe vbuffy vcoat. vThis vlayer vconsists vof vboth vwhite
vblood vcells vand vplatelets. vThe vhematocrit vis vthe vpacked vcell vvolume
vthat vreflects vthe vnumber vof vred vblood vcells. vThe vserum vis vthe vliquid
vportion vof vthe vblood vformed vfrom va vclotted vblood vsample. vThe vplatelet
vpellet vis va vspecial vlayer vof vplatelets vthat vis vrequired vfor vplatelet
vfunction vstudies. vThis vlayer vof vplatelets vis vprepared vfrom va vwhole
vblood vspecimen vusing vspecific vcentrifugation vtime vand vspeed.
8. Chapter v01-08
Select vthe vterm vthat vdescribes va vlow vwhite vblood vcell vcount.
*a. vLeukopenia
b. Leukocytosis
c. Neutropenia
d. Leukemia
General vFeedback:
The vterm vleukopenia vrefers vto va vlow vtotal vwhite vblood vcell
vcount. vLeukocytosis vis va vterm vthat vdescribes van vincrease vin vwhite vblood
vcell vcount. vNeutropenia vis va vlow vcell vcount vthat vis vspecific vto vthe
vneutrophils. vLeukemia vis vcancer vof vthe vblood vcells, vmost voften vwhite
vblood vcells.
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