Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam
Questions And Answers
Phospholipase n- nAnswer n- nPhospholipids nare nmade ninto narachidonic nacid nby nwhat nenzymes?
Cyclooxygenase n- nAnswer n- nArachidonic nacid nis nmade ninto nPGG2 nby nwhat nenzyme?
Anti-inflammatory, nanalgesic nand nantipyretic n- nAnswer n- nWhat nare nthe n3 npharmacological neffects nof
nNSAIDs?
Anti-inflammatory n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nmodifications nof ninflammatory nreactions
- ndecrease nin ninflammatory nprostaglandin nproduction
Analgesic n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nreduction nof npain
Antipyretic n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nlowering nof nraised ntemperature
- npartly ndue nto ndecreased nrelease nof nprostaglandins nin nresponse nto ninterleukin-1 n(IL-1)
TXA2 n- nAnswer n- nThe nantithrombotic neffect nis na nside neffect nof nNSAIDs nbecause nthey ninhibit n____
nsynthesis
False n(causes nstomach nulcers nand ninternal nbleeding) n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Concurrent nuse nof ncorticosteroids nand nNSAIDs nshould nbe navoided ndue nto nincreased nrisk nof nrenal
nfailure?
COX2 n- nAnswer n- nWhich nCOX nis nthe ninducible nform? nAlso nit nsynthesizes nprostaglandins nresponsible nfor
ninflammation nand npain
COX1 n- nAnswer n- nWhich nCOX nis nthe nbasal nform? nAlso nit nsynthesizes nprostaglandins nfor nmaintenance
nand nprotection nof nthe nGI ntract
Aspirin n- nAnswer n- n____ nanti-inflammatory nMechanism, npermanently ninactivates nprostaglandin
nsynthase nuntil nit nis nreplaced nby nnew nsynthesis, ngranulocytes n(neutrophils, neosinophils, nmast ncells, nand
nbasophils) nalso neffected
Rimadyl n(Carprofen) n- nAnswer n- n- nWorld's nmost nfrequently nprescribed ncanine nNSAID
- nIndicated nfor nthe nrelief nof npain nand ninflammation nassociated nwith nosteoarthritis nin ndogs
,- nReceived napproval nfor ncontrolling npost noperative npain nassociated nwith nsoft ntissue nand northopedic
nsurgery nin ndogs
- nLower nincidence nof nGI ndisturbance
False n(NEVER) n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
You ncan nsometimes nadminister ncats nCarprofen n(Rimadyl) nfor nOA
injectable n- nAnswer n- nThe n____ nform nof nRimadyl nis nindicated nfor nthe ncontrol nof npain nand ninflammation
nassociated nwith nosteoarthritis nand nboth nsoft ntissue nand northopedic nsurgeries
phenobarbital n- nAnswer n- nConcurrent nuse nof ncarprofen nand n____ ncan nalter nthe nactivity nof none nor nboth
ndrugs
Zubrin n(Tepoxalin) n- nAnswer n- n___ nmechanism nof naction nis ninhibition nof ncyclooxygenase nactivity nand
nlipoxygenase nand nis nthus nclassified nas na ndual ninhibitor nof narachidonic nacid nmetabolism
True n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Zubrin nis nnot napproved nin ncats
leukotrienes n- nAnswer n- nBy nusing nZubrin nin ndogs nyou nare ninhibiting nlipoxygenase nwhich nis nused nto
nproduced ninflammatory n_____
Previcox n(firocoxib) n- nAnswer n- n- nApproved nto ntreat npain nand ninflammation nin ndogs nsuffering nfrom
nosteoarthritis nand nreported nto nhave n24-hour ntherapeutic npain nrelief
- nselectively ninhibit nCOX-2 ncyclooxygenase nactivity
False n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Previcox nis nindicated nfor nuse nin ncats
Anorexia n- nAnswer n- nWhat nis nthe ncommon ninitial nsign nin nanimals nwho nhave na nrisk nof nhepatotoxicity
nwhen non nan nNSAID
ALT n- nAnswer n- n3-4 nfold nincreases nin n___ n(a nlab ntest) nabove nnormal nrange nmay nbe nan nindication nof
nacute nhepatopathy nwhen na ndog nis non nan nNSAID
Cosequin n(glucosamine nand nchondroitin nsulfate) n- nAnswer n- nis nmarketed nas na nveterinary nnutraceutical,
nand nclaims nto nstimulate nthe nsynthesis nof nsynovial nfluid nand ninhibits ndegradation nof nthe narticular
ncartilage
Adequan n- nAnswer n- n- nis nan nFDA-approved nglycosaminoglycan npolysulfate nester nand nis ncommonly
ncalled nP-GAGS
- none nclinical nstudy nof ndogs nwith nhip ndysplasia nfound ngreatest nimprovement nin northopedic nscores nat
ndosages nof n4.4 nmg/kg, nIM nevery n3-5 ndays nfor n8 ninjections
broad n- nAnswer n- n____ nspectrum nantibacterials nare nactive nagainst nboth nGram-positive nand nGram-
negative norganisms. n
, - nExamples ninclude: ntetracyclines, nphenicols, nfluoroquinolones, n"third-generation" nand n"fourth-
generation" ncephalosporins.
narrow n- nAnswer n- n____ nspectrum nantibacterials nhave nlimited nactivity nand nare nprimarily nonly nuseful
nagainst nparticular nspecies nof nmicroorganisms. n
- nFor nexample, nglycopeptides nand nbacitracin nare nonly neffective nagainst nGram-positive nbacteria,
nwhereas npolymixins nare nusually nonly neffective nagainst nGram nnegative nbacteria. nAminoglycosides nand
nsulfonamides nare nonly neffective nagainst naerobic norganisms, nwhile nnitroimidazoles nare ngenerally nonly
neffective nfor nanaerobes.
Positive n- nAnswer n- nGram n___ nbacteria
- nStreptococcus nspp.
- nStaphylococcus nspp.
- nClostridium nperfringens
- nCorynebacterium
Negative n- nAnswer n- nGram n___ nbacteria
Escherichia ncoli
Proteus nspp.
Pseudomonas nspp.
Salmonella nspp.
Brucella
Vibrio
Pasterurella nspp.
Penicillins nand ncephalosporins n- nAnswer n- nInhibition nof nCell nWall nSynthesis n(bactericidal)
Polymixin nB n- nAnswer n- nAlter ncell nmembrane npermeability n(bactericidal)
Aminoglycosides, nTetracyclines, nFlorfenicol, nmacrolides nand nlincomycin n- nAnswer n- nInhibition nof
nprotein nsynthesis n(Bactericidal nor nBacteriostatic) n---- n[what n5 ndrug nclasses]
Sulfonamides n- nAnswer n- nInterfere nwith nmetabolism n(bacteriostatic)
Quinolones n- nAnswer n- nNucleic nacid nimpairment n(bactericidal)
Beta-lactams n- nAnswer n- nWhat nClass nof nCell nWall nAgents?
- nIncludes nPenicillins nand nCephalosporins
- nBind nto nPenicllin-binding nproteins n(PBP's)
Questions And Answers
Phospholipase n- nAnswer n- nPhospholipids nare nmade ninto narachidonic nacid nby nwhat nenzymes?
Cyclooxygenase n- nAnswer n- nArachidonic nacid nis nmade ninto nPGG2 nby nwhat nenzyme?
Anti-inflammatory, nanalgesic nand nantipyretic n- nAnswer n- nWhat nare nthe n3 npharmacological neffects nof
nNSAIDs?
Anti-inflammatory n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nmodifications nof ninflammatory nreactions
- ndecrease nin ninflammatory nprostaglandin nproduction
Analgesic n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nreduction nof npain
Antipyretic n- nAnswer n- nWhat npharmacological neffects nof nNSAIDs?
- nlowering nof nraised ntemperature
- npartly ndue nto ndecreased nrelease nof nprostaglandins nin nresponse nto ninterleukin-1 n(IL-1)
TXA2 n- nAnswer n- nThe nantithrombotic neffect nis na nside neffect nof nNSAIDs nbecause nthey ninhibit n____
nsynthesis
False n(causes nstomach nulcers nand ninternal nbleeding) n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Concurrent nuse nof ncorticosteroids nand nNSAIDs nshould nbe navoided ndue nto nincreased nrisk nof nrenal
nfailure?
COX2 n- nAnswer n- nWhich nCOX nis nthe ninducible nform? nAlso nit nsynthesizes nprostaglandins nresponsible nfor
ninflammation nand npain
COX1 n- nAnswer n- nWhich nCOX nis nthe nbasal nform? nAlso nit nsynthesizes nprostaglandins nfor nmaintenance
nand nprotection nof nthe nGI ntract
Aspirin n- nAnswer n- n____ nanti-inflammatory nMechanism, npermanently ninactivates nprostaglandin
nsynthase nuntil nit nis nreplaced nby nnew nsynthesis, ngranulocytes n(neutrophils, neosinophils, nmast ncells, nand
nbasophils) nalso neffected
Rimadyl n(Carprofen) n- nAnswer n- n- nWorld's nmost nfrequently nprescribed ncanine nNSAID
- nIndicated nfor nthe nrelief nof npain nand ninflammation nassociated nwith nosteoarthritis nin ndogs
,- nReceived napproval nfor ncontrolling npost noperative npain nassociated nwith nsoft ntissue nand northopedic
nsurgery nin ndogs
- nLower nincidence nof nGI ndisturbance
False n(NEVER) n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
You ncan nsometimes nadminister ncats nCarprofen n(Rimadyl) nfor nOA
injectable n- nAnswer n- nThe n____ nform nof nRimadyl nis nindicated nfor nthe ncontrol nof npain nand ninflammation
nassociated nwith nosteoarthritis nand nboth nsoft ntissue nand northopedic nsurgeries
phenobarbital n- nAnswer n- nConcurrent nuse nof ncarprofen nand n____ ncan nalter nthe nactivity nof none nor nboth
ndrugs
Zubrin n(Tepoxalin) n- nAnswer n- n___ nmechanism nof naction nis ninhibition nof ncyclooxygenase nactivity nand
nlipoxygenase nand nis nthus nclassified nas na ndual ninhibitor nof narachidonic nacid nmetabolism
True n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Zubrin nis nnot napproved nin ncats
leukotrienes n- nAnswer n- nBy nusing nZubrin nin ndogs nyou nare ninhibiting nlipoxygenase nwhich nis nused nto
nproduced ninflammatory n_____
Previcox n(firocoxib) n- nAnswer n- n- nApproved nto ntreat npain nand ninflammation nin ndogs nsuffering nfrom
nosteoarthritis nand nreported nto nhave n24-hour ntherapeutic npain nrelief
- nselectively ninhibit nCOX-2 ncyclooxygenase nactivity
False n- nAnswer n- nTrue/False
Previcox nis nindicated nfor nuse nin ncats
Anorexia n- nAnswer n- nWhat nis nthe ncommon ninitial nsign nin nanimals nwho nhave na nrisk nof nhepatotoxicity
nwhen non nan nNSAID
ALT n- nAnswer n- n3-4 nfold nincreases nin n___ n(a nlab ntest) nabove nnormal nrange nmay nbe nan nindication nof
nacute nhepatopathy nwhen na ndog nis non nan nNSAID
Cosequin n(glucosamine nand nchondroitin nsulfate) n- nAnswer n- nis nmarketed nas na nveterinary nnutraceutical,
nand nclaims nto nstimulate nthe nsynthesis nof nsynovial nfluid nand ninhibits ndegradation nof nthe narticular
ncartilage
Adequan n- nAnswer n- n- nis nan nFDA-approved nglycosaminoglycan npolysulfate nester nand nis ncommonly
ncalled nP-GAGS
- none nclinical nstudy nof ndogs nwith nhip ndysplasia nfound ngreatest nimprovement nin northopedic nscores nat
ndosages nof n4.4 nmg/kg, nIM nevery n3-5 ndays nfor n8 ninjections
broad n- nAnswer n- n____ nspectrum nantibacterials nare nactive nagainst nboth nGram-positive nand nGram-
negative norganisms. n
, - nExamples ninclude: ntetracyclines, nphenicols, nfluoroquinolones, n"third-generation" nand n"fourth-
generation" ncephalosporins.
narrow n- nAnswer n- n____ nspectrum nantibacterials nhave nlimited nactivity nand nare nprimarily nonly nuseful
nagainst nparticular nspecies nof nmicroorganisms. n
- nFor nexample, nglycopeptides nand nbacitracin nare nonly neffective nagainst nGram-positive nbacteria,
nwhereas npolymixins nare nusually nonly neffective nagainst nGram nnegative nbacteria. nAminoglycosides nand
nsulfonamides nare nonly neffective nagainst naerobic norganisms, nwhile nnitroimidazoles nare ngenerally nonly
neffective nfor nanaerobes.
Positive n- nAnswer n- nGram n___ nbacteria
- nStreptococcus nspp.
- nStaphylococcus nspp.
- nClostridium nperfringens
- nCorynebacterium
Negative n- nAnswer n- nGram n___ nbacteria
Escherichia ncoli
Proteus nspp.
Pseudomonas nspp.
Salmonella nspp.
Brucella
Vibrio
Pasterurella nspp.
Penicillins nand ncephalosporins n- nAnswer n- nInhibition nof nCell nWall nSynthesis n(bactericidal)
Polymixin nB n- nAnswer n- nAlter ncell nmembrane npermeability n(bactericidal)
Aminoglycosides, nTetracyclines, nFlorfenicol, nmacrolides nand nlincomycin n- nAnswer n- nInhibition nof
nprotein nsynthesis n(Bactericidal nor nBacteriostatic) n---- n[what n5 ndrug nclasses]
Sulfonamides n- nAnswer n- nInterfere nwith nmetabolism n(bacteriostatic)
Quinolones n- nAnswer n- nNucleic nacid nimpairment n(bactericidal)
Beta-lactams n- nAnswer n- nWhat nClass nof nCell nWall nAgents?
- nIncludes nPenicillins nand nCephalosporins
- nBind nto nPenicllin-binding nproteins n(PBP's)
