,Chapter 01: Health Defined: Objectives for Promotion and Prevention
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Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 10th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE gf
1. Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive health care?
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a. Clinical model gf
b. Role performance model gf gf
c. Adaptive model gf
d. Eudaimonistic model gf
ANS: A
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative of health.
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People whouse this model wait until they are very sick to seek care.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 3 gf
2. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as
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well as receivesacupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
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a. Clinical model gf
b. Role performance model gf gf
c. Adaptive model gf
d. Eudaimonistic model gf
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical, social,
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psychological,and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and creating meaning in
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life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for someone who believes
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in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic model often look for alternative
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providers of care.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 3 gf
3. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person‘s potential and is
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experienced within a developmental context is known as:
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a. growth and development. gf gf
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-level wellness. gf
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person‘s
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potentialand is experienced within a developmental context.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 5 gf
4. Which of the following best describes a client who has an illness?
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a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes gf gf gf g f
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia gf gf
c. Someone with a headache gf gf gf
d. Someone with coronary artery g f gf gf
g f disease withoutangina ANS: Cgf gf g f
, Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
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subjective experiencerof the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a
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response characterized by amismatch between a person‘s needs and the resources available to meet those needs.
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A person can have a diseaserwithout feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) gf gf gf REF: p. 6 gf
5. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
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a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
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b. Healthy People 2020 gf g f
c. Healthy People 2000 gf g f
d. The U.S. Surgeon General Report gf gf gf gf
ANS: C
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark documents in which a
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consortium of people representing national organizations worked with US Public Health Service officials
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to create a more global approach to health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 6 gf
6. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
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a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles gf gf gf gf
b. Blood pressure screening gf gf
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization g f g f
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization gf gf
ANS: A
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and specific protection and
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encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy lifestyles fits this definition. Blood
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pressurescreening does not prevent disease, but instead identifies it.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 11 gf
7. Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
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a. Self–breast examination education gf g f
b. Yearly mammograms gf
c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer gf gf gf gf
d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer gf g f gf gf
ANS: B
Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to identify individuals
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in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram is a screening tool for breast cancer
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and thus is considered a method of secondary prevention.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
8. Which of the following represents a method of tertiary prevention?
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a. Drunk driving campaign gf gf
b. Road blocks for drunk driving gf gf gf gf
c. Emergency surgery for head trauma after a motor vehicle accident gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
d. Physical and occupational therapy after a motor vehicle accident with
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head trauma ANS: D
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, Physical therapy and occupational therapy are considered tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention occurs
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when adefect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effect of disease and
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disability. Theobjective of tertiary prevention is to maximize remaining capacities.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
9. In reviewing a person‘s medical claims, a nurse realizes that the individual with moderate persistent asthma
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has had several emergency department visits and is not on inhaled steroids as recommended by the
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NHLBI asthmamanagement guidelines. The nurse discusses this with the person‘s primary care provider.
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In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: B
Care managers act to prevent duplication of service and reduce cost. Care managers base
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recommendationon reliable data sources such as evidence-based practices and protocols.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
10. During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability
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services. The nurseis acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: A
The advocacy role of the nurse helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive from the health
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caresystem, tries to make the system more responsive to individuals‘ community needs, and assists
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individuals in developing skills to advocate for themselves.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
11. During a home visit, a nurse discusses the dangers of smoking with an individual. In this
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scenario the nurseis acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: D
Health education is a primary prevention technique available to avoid major causes of disease. Teaching
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canrrange from a chance remark to a planned lesson.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 16 gf
12. A nurse is asked to provide an expert opinion about the development of an education
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program forrnewly diagnosed diabetics. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
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Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 10th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE gf
1. Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive health care?
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a. Clinical model gf
b. Role performance model gf gf
c. Adaptive model gf
d. Eudaimonistic model gf
ANS: A
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative of health.
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People whouse this model wait until they are very sick to seek care.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 3 gf
2. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
well as receivesacupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
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a. Clinical model gf
b. Role performance model gf gf
c. Adaptive model gf
d. Eudaimonistic model gf
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical, social,
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psychological,and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and creating meaning in
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for someone who believes
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in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic model often look for alternative
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providers of care.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 3 gf
3. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person‘s potential and is
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
experienced within a developmental context is known as:
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a. growth and development. gf gf
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-level wellness. gf
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person‘s
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potentialand is experienced within a developmental context.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 5 gf
4. Which of the following best describes a client who has an illness?
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a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes gf gf gf g f
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia gf gf
c. Someone with a headache gf gf gf
d. Someone with coronary artery g f gf gf
g f disease withoutangina ANS: Cgf gf g f
, Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
g f g f g f g f g f g f g f g f g f gf g f g f g f g f g f g f
subjective experiencerof the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a
g f gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
response characterized by amismatch between a person‘s needs and the resources available to meet those needs.
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A person can have a diseaserwithout feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) gf gf gf REF: p. 6 gf
5. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
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a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
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b. Healthy People 2020 gf g f
c. Healthy People 2000 gf g f
d. The U.S. Surgeon General Report gf gf gf gf
ANS: C
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark documents in which a
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consortium of people representing national organizations worked with US Public Health Service officials
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to create a more global approach to health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) gf gf g f REF: p. 6 gf
6. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
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a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles gf gf gf gf
b. Blood pressure screening gf gf
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization g f g f
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization gf gf
ANS: A
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and specific protection and
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encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy lifestyles fits this definition. Blood
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
pressurescreening does not prevent disease, but instead identifies it.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 11 gf
7. Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
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a. Self–breast examination education gf g f
b. Yearly mammograms gf
c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer gf gf gf gf
d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer gf g f gf gf
ANS: B
Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to identify individuals
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in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram is a screening tool for breast cancer
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and thus is considered a method of secondary prevention.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level:Apply (Application) gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
8. Which of the following represents a method of tertiary prevention?
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a. Drunk driving campaign gf gf
b. Road blocks for drunk driving gf gf gf gf
c. Emergency surgery for head trauma after a motor vehicle accident gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
d. Physical and occupational therapy after a motor vehicle accident with
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head trauma ANS: D
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, Physical therapy and occupational therapy are considered tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention occurs
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when adefect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effect of disease and
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disability. Theobjective of tertiary prevention is to maximize remaining capacities.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
9. In reviewing a person‘s medical claims, a nurse realizes that the individual with moderate persistent asthma
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf g f gf g f
has had several emergency department visits and is not on inhaled steroids as recommended by the
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
NHLBI asthmamanagement guidelines. The nurse discusses this with the person‘s primary care provider.
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In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: B
Care managers act to prevent duplication of service and reduce cost. Care managers base
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recommendationon reliable data sources such as evidence-based practices and protocols.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
10. During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
services. The nurseis acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: A
The advocacy role of the nurse helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive from the health
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caresystem, tries to make the system more responsive to individuals‘ community needs, and assists
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
individuals in developing skills to advocate for themselves.
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 15 gf
11. During a home visit, a nurse discusses the dangers of smoking with an individual. In this
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
scenario the nurseis acting as a(n):
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a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: D
Health education is a primary prevention technique available to avoid major causes of disease. Teaching
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canrrange from a chance remark to a planned lesson.
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DIF: g f g f g f Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) gf gf gf REF: p. 16 gf
12. A nurse is asked to provide an expert opinion about the development of an education
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
program forrnewly diagnosed diabetics. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf gf
a. advocate.
b. care manager. gf
c. consultant.
d. educator.
