Test Bank For Biology
206 OpenStax
Microbiology - Chapter 7:
Microbial
Biochemistry
, BIOLOGY 206 OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank- Chapter
7: Microbial Biochemistry
Chapter 7: Microbial Biochemistry
* = Correct answer
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is the best definition of a macronutrient?
A. a trace element
B. a vitamin
C. an organic molecule necessary for life
D. the most abundant elements found in living cells*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
2. Amino groups are an important component of which of the following macromolecules?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
3. The building blocks of polymers are called which of the following?
A. inorganic molecules
B. macromolecules
C. monomers*
D. nucleic acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
4. Which of the following is not one of the four major types of carbon-based macromolecules
found in cells?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. macronutrients*
D. nucleic acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
https://www.stuvia.com/user/angelinas
, 5. In which form do plants generally store sugar molecules?
A. cellulose
B. chitin
C. glycogen
D. starch*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
6. Which term specifically describes fatty acids that do not have any double bonds, triple bonds,
or rings?
A. esterified
B. polyunsaturated
C. saturated*
D. unsaturated
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
7. Which of the following best describes the difference between steroids and sterols?
A. Steroids are the most common type of sterol.
B. Steroids contain rings, whereas sterols do not.
C. Sterols are a type of steroid with an OH group.*
D. Sterols are present in prokaryotes and steroids are not.
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
8. Which best describes oligopeptides?
A. a molecule consisting of two amino acids
B. long chains of amino acids
C. polymers of about 20 amino acids*
D. polymers of about 50 amino acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
9. Which of the following is not a lipid?
A. a fatty acid
B. a glyceraldehyde*
C. a wax
https://www.stuvia.com/user/angelinas
, D. n isoprenoid
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
10. How many single covalent bonds can oxygen form?
A. one
B. two*
C. three
D. four
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
11. Which of the following molecules is an organic molecule?
A. CO2
B. CaCO3
C. CH3OH*
D. H2O
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
12. Which of the following is the best example of a micronutrient?
A. carbon
B. nitrogen
C. phosphorus
D. potassium*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
13. Which of the following best describes glucose, fructose, and galactose?
A. achiral
B. enantiomers
C. stereoisomers
D. structural isomers*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
14. Why does it matter which enantiomer of a molecule is used for a medication?
A. Enantiomers can have different pharmacologic effects and only one may be effective.*
B. It is usually easier to prepare one enantiomer than mixtures of both.
C. The D form is typically more effective than the L form.
D. The L form is typically more effective than the D form.
, Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
15. Which of the following shows a ketone?
A. a carboxylic acid
B. an ester
C. an internal carbonyl group*
D. an internal ether
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
16. Which of the following types of bonds joins monosaccharides together to form a
polysaccharide?
A. glycosidic bonds*
B. hydrogen bonds
C. peptide bonds
D. phosphodiester bonds
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
17. Which of the following best describes the molecule lactose?
A. disaccharide*
B. monosaccharide
C. polysaccharide
D. trisaccharide
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
18. Which of the following is an important component of insect exoskeletons?
A. cellulose
B. chitin*
C. glycogen
D. starch
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
19. Which describes the hydrocarbon tails in the plasma membrane?
A. amphipathic
B. hydrophilic
, C. hydrophobic*
D. polar
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
20. In a protein, which type of chemical linkage joins the amino acids?
A. disulfide linkages
B. glycosidic linkages or bonds
C. hydrogen bonds
D. peptide bonds*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
21. Which is a common type of secondary structure of proteins?
A. the α helix*
B. the β helix
C. the Δ helix
D. the ω helix
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
22. Disulfide bridges are most important in which of the following?
A. primary structure of proteins
B. secondary structure of proteins
C. structure of carbohydrates
D. tertiary structure of proteins*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
23. Which enantiomers rotate plane polarized light in a clockwise direction?
A. + or d*
B. + or l
C. – or d
D. – or l
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
24. C6H12O6 is an example of which type of molecule?
A. amino acid
B. fatty acid
C. monosaccharide*
206 OpenStax
Microbiology - Chapter 7:
Microbial
Biochemistry
, BIOLOGY 206 OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank- Chapter
7: Microbial Biochemistry
Chapter 7: Microbial Biochemistry
* = Correct answer
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is the best definition of a macronutrient?
A. a trace element
B. a vitamin
C. an organic molecule necessary for life
D. the most abundant elements found in living cells*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
2. Amino groups are an important component of which of the following macromolecules?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
3. The building blocks of polymers are called which of the following?
A. inorganic molecules
B. macromolecules
C. monomers*
D. nucleic acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
4. Which of the following is not one of the four major types of carbon-based macromolecules
found in cells?
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. macronutrients*
D. nucleic acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
https://www.stuvia.com/user/angelinas
, 5. In which form do plants generally store sugar molecules?
A. cellulose
B. chitin
C. glycogen
D. starch*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
6. Which term specifically describes fatty acids that do not have any double bonds, triple bonds,
or rings?
A. esterified
B. polyunsaturated
C. saturated*
D. unsaturated
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
7. Which of the following best describes the difference between steroids and sterols?
A. Steroids are the most common type of sterol.
B. Steroids contain rings, whereas sterols do not.
C. Sterols are a type of steroid with an OH group.*
D. Sterols are present in prokaryotes and steroids are not.
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
8. Which best describes oligopeptides?
A. a molecule consisting of two amino acids
B. long chains of amino acids
C. polymers of about 20 amino acids*
D. polymers of about 50 amino acids
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
9. Which of the following is not a lipid?
A. a fatty acid
B. a glyceraldehyde*
C. a wax
https://www.stuvia.com/user/angelinas
, D. n isoprenoid
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
10. How many single covalent bonds can oxygen form?
A. one
B. two*
C. three
D. four
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
11. Which of the following molecules is an organic molecule?
A. CO2
B. CaCO3
C. CH3OH*
D. H2O
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
12. Which of the following is the best example of a micronutrient?
A. carbon
B. nitrogen
C. phosphorus
D. potassium*
Difficulty: Easy
ASM Standard: N/A
13. Which of the following best describes glucose, fructose, and galactose?
A. achiral
B. enantiomers
C. stereoisomers
D. structural isomers*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
14. Why does it matter which enantiomer of a molecule is used for a medication?
A. Enantiomers can have different pharmacologic effects and only one may be effective.*
B. It is usually easier to prepare one enantiomer than mixtures of both.
C. The D form is typically more effective than the L form.
D. The L form is typically more effective than the D form.
, Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
15. Which of the following shows a ketone?
A. a carboxylic acid
B. an ester
C. an internal carbonyl group*
D. an internal ether
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
16. Which of the following types of bonds joins monosaccharides together to form a
polysaccharide?
A. glycosidic bonds*
B. hydrogen bonds
C. peptide bonds
D. phosphodiester bonds
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
17. Which of the following best describes the molecule lactose?
A. disaccharide*
B. monosaccharide
C. polysaccharide
D. trisaccharide
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
18. Which of the following is an important component of insect exoskeletons?
A. cellulose
B. chitin*
C. glycogen
D. starch
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
19. Which describes the hydrocarbon tails in the plasma membrane?
A. amphipathic
B. hydrophilic
, C. hydrophobic*
D. polar
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
20. In a protein, which type of chemical linkage joins the amino acids?
A. disulfide linkages
B. glycosidic linkages or bonds
C. hydrogen bonds
D. peptide bonds*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
21. Which is a common type of secondary structure of proteins?
A. the α helix*
B. the β helix
C. the Δ helix
D. the ω helix
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
22. Disulfide bridges are most important in which of the following?
A. primary structure of proteins
B. secondary structure of proteins
C. structure of carbohydrates
D. tertiary structure of proteins*
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
23. Which enantiomers rotate plane polarized light in a clockwise direction?
A. + or d*
B. + or l
C. – or d
D. – or l
Difficulty: Moderate
ASM Standard: N/A
24. C6H12O6 is an example of which type of molecule?
A. amino acid
B. fatty acid
C. monosaccharide*
