TexasSTRCertificationExamQuestions& 1
b b b b b b
00% Correct Answers | Latest Update | Gra
b b b b b b b
ded A+ b
CulturallybResponsivebInstructionalbPractices
➹➹➹:bThisbrefersbtobpracticesbthatbrecognizebandbincorporatebthebassetsbandbstrengthsba
llbstudentsbbringbtobthebclassroombandbensurebthatblearningbexperiencesbarebrelevantbtoballb
students.
Assets-BasedbTeachingbApproach
➹➹➹:bThisbrefersbtobviewingbdiversitybofbthought,bculture,bandbtraitsbasbabpositivebassetbas
studentsbarebvaluedbforbwhatbtheybbringbtobthebclassroombratherbthanbbeingbcharacterize
b
dbbybwhatbtheybareblacking.
Phonemes
➹➹➹:bThebspecificbunitsbofbsoundsbinbablanguagebthatbdistinguishbonebwordbfrombanotherb(e.g.,
"b"bandb"t"
b
inb"bat"bandb"tab")
Morphemes
1b|bPbabgbe
,➹➹➹:bThebsmallestbunitbofbmeaningbinbablanguageb(e.g.,b"ed"bchangesbabwordbtobpastbtens
e)
Decoding
➹➹➹:bThebabilitybtobusebletter-soundbrelationshipsbtobcorrectlybsound-
outbandbpronouncebwrittenbwords.
Discourse
➹➹➹:bWrittenborbspokenbcommunicationborbdebateb(e.g.,btalkbandbconversation)
LanguagebDemands
➹➹➹:bThebtoolsb(vocabulary,bsyntax,bdiscourse)bstudentsbusebtobparticipatebinbtheb
contentbtheybareblearning
DeepbOrthography
➹➹➹:bThisbphrasebrefersbtobabspellingbsystembthatbisbmorebdifficultbtobdecodebbecausebther
ebisbnotbabdirectbcorrelationbbetweenbtheblettersbandbsoundsbinbtheblanguage.
ShallowbOrthography
➹➹➹:bThisbphrasebrefersbtobabspellingbsystembthatbisbeasierbtobdecodebbecausebtherebisbab
directbcorrelationbbetween.btheblettersbandbsoundsbinbtheblanguage.
2b|bPbabgbe
,EmergentbLiteracy
➹➹➹:bThebtermbusedbtobexplainbabchild'sbknowledgebofbreadingbandbwritingbskillsbbeforebth
eyblearnbtobreadbandbwriteb(e.g.,brecognizingbabstopbsign,bcerealbbox).
PhonologicalbAwareness
➹➹➹:bthebabilitybtobhearbandbmanipulateballbunitsbofbsoundbincludingbwords,bsyllables,bons
et,brimes,bandbphonemesbinbspokenblanguage.
Pragmatics
➹➹➹:bThebpracticalbrulesbthatbguidebourbusebofblanguagebinbsocialbcontexts
Morphology
➹➹➹:bthebstudybofbthebstructurebofbwordsbandbhowbmeaningfulbunitsbarebcombinedbinbtextb(e
.g.,bprefixes,bsuffixes,brootbwords).
TransitionalbBilingualbEducation
➹➹➹:bAbprogrambinbwhichbtwoblanguagesbarebusedbtobprovidebcontentbinstruction.bOverbti
me,busebofbthebnativeblanguagebisbdecreasedbandbusebofbEnglishbisbincreasedbuntilbonlybEn
glishbisbusedbforbinstruction.
ShelteredbInstruction
3b|bPbabgbe
, ➹➹➹:bAnbapproachbtobteachingbEnglishblanguageblearnersbthatbintegratesblanguagebandb
contentbinstruction.
BICSb(BasicbInterpersonalbCommunicationbSkills)
➹➹➹:bDevelopmentbofbfluencybinbconversationsb-bsocialblanguage
CALPb(CognitivebAcademicbLanguagebProficiency)
➹➹➹:bDevelopmentbofbcontentbandbsubjectbareablanguage.
ComprehensiblebInput
➹➹➹:bThebpartbofbablanguagebthatbisbunderstoodbbyblistenersbwhenblearningbabsecondblanguag
e
LanguagebAcquisitionbvs.bLanguagebLearning
➹➹➹:bAcquiringblanguagebthroughbsubconsciousbprocessesbvs.blearningbablanguagebthro
ughbdirectbinstruction.
ReceptivebLanguage
➹➹➹:bThebabilitybtobunderstandbwordsbandblanguage
Phonology
4b|bPbabgbe
b b b b b b
00% Correct Answers | Latest Update | Gra
b b b b b b b
ded A+ b
CulturallybResponsivebInstructionalbPractices
➹➹➹:bThisbrefersbtobpracticesbthatbrecognizebandbincorporatebthebassetsbandbstrengthsba
llbstudentsbbringbtobthebclassroombandbensurebthatblearningbexperiencesbarebrelevantbtoballb
students.
Assets-BasedbTeachingbApproach
➹➹➹:bThisbrefersbtobviewingbdiversitybofbthought,bculture,bandbtraitsbasbabpositivebassetbas
studentsbarebvaluedbforbwhatbtheybbringbtobthebclassroombratherbthanbbeingbcharacterize
b
dbbybwhatbtheybareblacking.
Phonemes
➹➹➹:bThebspecificbunitsbofbsoundsbinbablanguagebthatbdistinguishbonebwordbfrombanotherb(e.g.,
"b"bandb"t"
b
inb"bat"bandb"tab")
Morphemes
1b|bPbabgbe
,➹➹➹:bThebsmallestbunitbofbmeaningbinbablanguageb(e.g.,b"ed"bchangesbabwordbtobpastbtens
e)
Decoding
➹➹➹:bThebabilitybtobusebletter-soundbrelationshipsbtobcorrectlybsound-
outbandbpronouncebwrittenbwords.
Discourse
➹➹➹:bWrittenborbspokenbcommunicationborbdebateb(e.g.,btalkbandbconversation)
LanguagebDemands
➹➹➹:bThebtoolsb(vocabulary,bsyntax,bdiscourse)bstudentsbusebtobparticipatebinbtheb
contentbtheybareblearning
DeepbOrthography
➹➹➹:bThisbphrasebrefersbtobabspellingbsystembthatbisbmorebdifficultbtobdecodebbecausebther
ebisbnotbabdirectbcorrelationbbetweenbtheblettersbandbsoundsbinbtheblanguage.
ShallowbOrthography
➹➹➹:bThisbphrasebrefersbtobabspellingbsystembthatbisbeasierbtobdecodebbecausebtherebisbab
directbcorrelationbbetween.btheblettersbandbsoundsbinbtheblanguage.
2b|bPbabgbe
,EmergentbLiteracy
➹➹➹:bThebtermbusedbtobexplainbabchild'sbknowledgebofbreadingbandbwritingbskillsbbeforebth
eyblearnbtobreadbandbwriteb(e.g.,brecognizingbabstopbsign,bcerealbbox).
PhonologicalbAwareness
➹➹➹:bthebabilitybtobhearbandbmanipulateballbunitsbofbsoundbincludingbwords,bsyllables,bons
et,brimes,bandbphonemesbinbspokenblanguage.
Pragmatics
➹➹➹:bThebpracticalbrulesbthatbguidebourbusebofblanguagebinbsocialbcontexts
Morphology
➹➹➹:bthebstudybofbthebstructurebofbwordsbandbhowbmeaningfulbunitsbarebcombinedbinbtextb(e
.g.,bprefixes,bsuffixes,brootbwords).
TransitionalbBilingualbEducation
➹➹➹:bAbprogrambinbwhichbtwoblanguagesbarebusedbtobprovidebcontentbinstruction.bOverbti
me,busebofbthebnativeblanguagebisbdecreasedbandbusebofbEnglishbisbincreasedbuntilbonlybEn
glishbisbusedbforbinstruction.
ShelteredbInstruction
3b|bPbabgbe
, ➹➹➹:bAnbapproachbtobteachingbEnglishblanguageblearnersbthatbintegratesblanguagebandb
contentbinstruction.
BICSb(BasicbInterpersonalbCommunicationbSkills)
➹➹➹:bDevelopmentbofbfluencybinbconversationsb-bsocialblanguage
CALPb(CognitivebAcademicbLanguagebProficiency)
➹➹➹:bDevelopmentbofbcontentbandbsubjectbareablanguage.
ComprehensiblebInput
➹➹➹:bThebpartbofbablanguagebthatbisbunderstoodbbyblistenersbwhenblearningbabsecondblanguag
e
LanguagebAcquisitionbvs.bLanguagebLearning
➹➹➹:bAcquiringblanguagebthroughbsubconsciousbprocessesbvs.blearningbablanguagebthro
ughbdirectbinstruction.
ReceptivebLanguage
➹➹➹:bThebabilitybtobunderstandbwordsbandblanguage
Phonology
4b|bPbabgbe
