PN 2003 Actual Final Exam Questions With
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!
1. What is COPD - ANSWER chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2. What diseases are included in COPD - ANSWER chronic bronchitis,
asthma, emphysema
3. What are treatments for COPD - ANSWER bronchodilators,
corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, theophylline, antibiotics,
antivirals, vaccines oxygen
4. What are symptoms of COPD - ANSWER harder to breath, intermittent
coughing shortness of breath, wheezing, tightness in chest or have excess
sputum production acute exacerbations which are flare-ups of severe
symptoms. needing to clear throat often, need to clear mucus from lungs
every day , frequent colds flu or respiratory infections, lack of energy, fatigue,
swelling of feet, ankles or legs, weight loss, bluish or gray fingernails or lips,
trouble catching your breath or cannot talk, confused muddled or faint, heart
racing
5. What causes COPD? - ANSWER cigarette smoking
,6. How to diagnose COPD - ANSWER based on symptoms, spirometry, xray,
ct scan , arterial blood gas.
7. What are cataracts? - ANSWER clouding of the crystalline lens of eye
8. What is glaucoma - ANSWER eye disease involving increased intraocular
pressure
9. What is macular degeneration? - ANSWER loss of central vision due to
the development of drusen deposits in the retinal pigmented epithelium
10. What is presbycusis - ANSWER age related high frequency sensorineural
hearing loss
11. Presbyopia - ANSWER the inability to focus or accomodate properly due
to reduced elasticity of the lens
12. What nutrients are beneficial to vision - ANSWER essential fatty acids,
flavonoid, vitamin A, vitamin b complex, vitamin c, vitamin E, selenium, zinc
13. What causes cataracts? - ANSWER The lens becomes cloudy or darkened
(with proteins)
Aging, disease, UV rays, smoking, medications
,14. What are the symptoms of cataracts - ANSWER vision distorted, night
vision decreased, objects appear blurred, signs may be hard to see while
driving may feel a film over eye. glare rom sunlight and bright lights, nuclear
sclerosis,
15. Treatment of cataracts and cataract surgery - ANSWER surgery only cure.
16. Ways to decrease development of cataracts - ANSWER sunglassesm sheer
curtains over windows, furniure placed away from bright light, soft lights
17. Cause of glaucoma - ANSWER unknown but associated with increased
size of lens, iritis, allergy, endocrine imbalance,emotional instability, family
history
18. What are the types of glaucoma - ANSWER Open-angle (chronic), closed
angle (acute)
19. Acute glaucoma - ANSWER severe eye pain, headache nause and
vomiting. rapid increased tension, edema of ciliary body and dilation of pupil
occur, vision blurred blindness may occur within a day if no dealt with.
20. Medications used for acute glaucoma - ANSWER carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors, which reduce the formation of aqueous solution; mannitol, urea,
and glycerin which reduce fluid because of their ability to increase osmotic
tension in the circulating blood.
, Chronic Glaucoma - ANSWER occurs so gradually that affected indivu=iduals
are unaware of vision problems, peripheral vision becomes slowly but increasingly
impaired so that people may not realize for a long time why they bump or knock
over items at their side, tired feeling in their eyes , headaches, misty vision, seeing
halos around lights, cornea may be cloudy, iris fixed and dilated, usually affects
one eye
treatments of chronic glaucoma - ANSWER miotic and carbonic anhydrase
inhibitor or of surgery to establish channel to filter the aqueous
fluid,acetazolamide, mydriatics, stimulants and agents that elevate the bp.
macular degeneration symptoms - ANSWER loss of central vision
detached retina - ANSWER separation of the retina from the choroid in back
of the eye
symptoms of detached retina - ANSWER perception of spots moving across
eye, blurred vision, flashes of light, feeling that a coating is developing over the
eye , blank areas of vision ,
corneal ulcer - ANSWER Inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by a loss
of substance
Symptoms of corneal ulcer - ANSWER - Ocular pain, foreign body sensation,
discharge from the eye, photophobia or blurred vision
- Round irregular with white hazy base
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!
1. What is COPD - ANSWER chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2. What diseases are included in COPD - ANSWER chronic bronchitis,
asthma, emphysema
3. What are treatments for COPD - ANSWER bronchodilators,
corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, theophylline, antibiotics,
antivirals, vaccines oxygen
4. What are symptoms of COPD - ANSWER harder to breath, intermittent
coughing shortness of breath, wheezing, tightness in chest or have excess
sputum production acute exacerbations which are flare-ups of severe
symptoms. needing to clear throat often, need to clear mucus from lungs
every day , frequent colds flu or respiratory infections, lack of energy, fatigue,
swelling of feet, ankles or legs, weight loss, bluish or gray fingernails or lips,
trouble catching your breath or cannot talk, confused muddled or faint, heart
racing
5. What causes COPD? - ANSWER cigarette smoking
,6. How to diagnose COPD - ANSWER based on symptoms, spirometry, xray,
ct scan , arterial blood gas.
7. What are cataracts? - ANSWER clouding of the crystalline lens of eye
8. What is glaucoma - ANSWER eye disease involving increased intraocular
pressure
9. What is macular degeneration? - ANSWER loss of central vision due to
the development of drusen deposits in the retinal pigmented epithelium
10. What is presbycusis - ANSWER age related high frequency sensorineural
hearing loss
11. Presbyopia - ANSWER the inability to focus or accomodate properly due
to reduced elasticity of the lens
12. What nutrients are beneficial to vision - ANSWER essential fatty acids,
flavonoid, vitamin A, vitamin b complex, vitamin c, vitamin E, selenium, zinc
13. What causes cataracts? - ANSWER The lens becomes cloudy or darkened
(with proteins)
Aging, disease, UV rays, smoking, medications
,14. What are the symptoms of cataracts - ANSWER vision distorted, night
vision decreased, objects appear blurred, signs may be hard to see while
driving may feel a film over eye. glare rom sunlight and bright lights, nuclear
sclerosis,
15. Treatment of cataracts and cataract surgery - ANSWER surgery only cure.
16. Ways to decrease development of cataracts - ANSWER sunglassesm sheer
curtains over windows, furniure placed away from bright light, soft lights
17. Cause of glaucoma - ANSWER unknown but associated with increased
size of lens, iritis, allergy, endocrine imbalance,emotional instability, family
history
18. What are the types of glaucoma - ANSWER Open-angle (chronic), closed
angle (acute)
19. Acute glaucoma - ANSWER severe eye pain, headache nause and
vomiting. rapid increased tension, edema of ciliary body and dilation of pupil
occur, vision blurred blindness may occur within a day if no dealt with.
20. Medications used for acute glaucoma - ANSWER carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors, which reduce the formation of aqueous solution; mannitol, urea,
and glycerin which reduce fluid because of their ability to increase osmotic
tension in the circulating blood.
, Chronic Glaucoma - ANSWER occurs so gradually that affected indivu=iduals
are unaware of vision problems, peripheral vision becomes slowly but increasingly
impaired so that people may not realize for a long time why they bump or knock
over items at their side, tired feeling in their eyes , headaches, misty vision, seeing
halos around lights, cornea may be cloudy, iris fixed and dilated, usually affects
one eye
treatments of chronic glaucoma - ANSWER miotic and carbonic anhydrase
inhibitor or of surgery to establish channel to filter the aqueous
fluid,acetazolamide, mydriatics, stimulants and agents that elevate the bp.
macular degeneration symptoms - ANSWER loss of central vision
detached retina - ANSWER separation of the retina from the choroid in back
of the eye
symptoms of detached retina - ANSWER perception of spots moving across
eye, blurred vision, flashes of light, feeling that a coating is developing over the
eye , blank areas of vision ,
corneal ulcer - ANSWER Inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by a loss
of substance
Symptoms of corneal ulcer - ANSWER - Ocular pain, foreign body sensation,
discharge from the eye, photophobia or blurred vision
- Round irregular with white hazy base
