AQA GCSE Chemistry - Paper 1 questions and solutions
What is the charge of a proton? - answers+1
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What is the charge of a neutron? - answers0
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What is the charge of an electron? - answers-1
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What is the relative mass of a proton? - answers1
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What is the relative mass of a neutron? - answers1
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What is the relative mass of an electron? - answersVery small
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How many types of atoms do elements contain? - answersOnly one type
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What are compounds? - answersSubstances containing two or more different elements that are chemically bonded
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together
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What are mixtures? - answersSubstances containing two or more different elements that are not chemically bonded
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together
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What pattern is formed from carrying out paper chromatography? - answersChromatogram
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Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid? - answersFiltration
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Which method of separation is useful to separate a soluble solid from a liquid? - answersEvaporation or Crystillisation
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Which method of distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points? - answersFractional distillation
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Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong? - answersErnest Rutherford
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Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron? - answersNiels Bohr
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Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements? - answersTo ensure that elements with similar properties stay
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in the same groups. The gaps indicated the existence of undiscovered elements and allowed Mendeleev to predict wha
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their properties might be
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How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related? - answersThe group
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number tells you how many electrons are in the outer shell of an element. E.g. sodium is in Group 1 therefore it has 1
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electron on its outer shell
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What kind of ions do metals form? - answersPositive
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Where are the non-metals on the periodic table? - answersOn the right hand side
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,Give three properties which are specific to transition metals - answers1) They can form more than one ion e.g cobalt form
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Co2+
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2) They are often coloured, therefore compounds which contain them are colourful e.g. potassium chromate is yellow
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3) They often make good catalysts e.g. nickel based catalysts are used in the hydrogenation of alkenes
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State three trends as you go down Group 1 - answers1) Increased reactivity - the outer electron is more easily lost as the
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attraction between the nucleus and the electron decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus
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2) Lower melting and boiling points
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3) Higher relative atomic mass
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What are the products of the reaction of a Group 1 metal and water - answersHydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide
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E.g. sodium + water --> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
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What's the difference between the hardness of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersTransition metals are harder,
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denser and stronger than Group 1 metals
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What's the difference between the reactivity of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersGroup 1 metals are much more
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reactive than transition metals
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What's the difference between the melting points of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersTransition metals have
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higher melting points than Group 1 metals
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What trends occur as you go down Group 7? - answers1) They become less reactive - it's harder to gain an extra electron
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because the outer shell's further from the nucleus
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2) They have higher melting and boiling points
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3) They have higher relative atomic masses
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What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals? - answersThey form negative ions
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What is the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 0? - answersThe boiling points increase
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What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain? - answersProtons and neutrons
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What is relative atomic mass? - answersThe mass number which refers to the element as a whole
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How are positive ions formed? - answersA metal atom loses electrons
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How are negative ions formed? - answersA non-metal gains electrons
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What is air a mixture of? - answersGases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon
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What is crude oil a mixture of? - answersDifferent length hydrocarbon molecules
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How can you separate substances in a mixture? - answersChromatography
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What is simple distillation used for? - answersSeparating out a liquid from a solution
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E.g. separating pure water from seawaterro ro ro ro ro
How were elements arranged in the early 1800s? - answersBy their physical and chemical properties and their relative
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atomic mass
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What is the charge of a proton? - answers+1
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What is the charge of a neutron? - answers0
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What is the charge of an electron? - answers-1
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What is the relative mass of a proton? - answers1
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What is the relative mass of a neutron? - answers1
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What is the relative mass of an electron? - answersVery small
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How many types of atoms do elements contain? - answersOnly one type
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What are compounds? - answersSubstances containing two or more different elements that are chemically bonded
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together
ro
What are mixtures? - answersSubstances containing two or more different elements that are not chemically bonded
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together
ro
What pattern is formed from carrying out paper chromatography? - answersChromatogram
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid? - answersFiltration
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Which method of separation is useful to separate a soluble solid from a liquid? - answersEvaporation or Crystillisation
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Which method of distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points? - answersFractional distillation
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Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong? - answersErnest Rutherford
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Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron? - answersNiels Bohr
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Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements? - answersTo ensure that elements with similar properties stay
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in the same groups. The gaps indicated the existence of undiscovered elements and allowed Mendeleev to predict wha
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their properties might be
ro ro ro ro
How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related? - answersThe group
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number tells you how many electrons are in the outer shell of an element. E.g. sodium is in Group 1 therefore it has 1
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electron on its outer shell
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What kind of ions do metals form? - answersPositive
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Where are the non-metals on the periodic table? - answersOn the right hand side
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1/15ro ro
,Give three properties which are specific to transition metals - answers1) They can form more than one ion e.g cobalt form
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
Co2+
ro
2) They are often coloured, therefore compounds which contain them are colourful e.g. potassium chromate is yellow
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3) They often make good catalysts e.g. nickel based catalysts are used in the hydrogenation of alkenes
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
State three trends as you go down Group 1 - answers1) Increased reactivity - the outer electron is more easily lost as the
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attraction between the nucleus and the electron decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus
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2) Lower melting and boiling points
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3) Higher relative atomic mass
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What are the products of the reaction of a Group 1 metal and water - answersHydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide
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E.g. sodium + water --> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
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What's the difference between the hardness of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersTransition metals are harder,
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denser and stronger than Group 1 metals
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What's the difference between the reactivity of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersGroup 1 metals are much more
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reactive than transition metals
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What's the difference between the melting points of Group 1 and transition metals? - answersTransition metals have
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higher melting points than Group 1 metals
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What trends occur as you go down Group 7? - answers1) They become less reactive - it's harder to gain an extra electron
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because the outer shell's further from the nucleus
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2) They have higher melting and boiling points
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3) They have higher relative atomic masses
ro ro ro ro ro ro
What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals? - answersThey form negative ions
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What is the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 0? - answersThe boiling points increase
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What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain? - answersProtons and neutrons
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What is relative atomic mass? - answersThe mass number which refers to the element as a whole
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
How are positive ions formed? - answersA metal atom loses electrons
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How are negative ions formed? - answersA non-metal gains electrons
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What is air a mixture of? - answersGases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
What is crude oil a mixture of? - answersDifferent length hydrocarbon molecules
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
How can you separate substances in a mixture? - answersChromatography
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
What is simple distillation used for? - answersSeparating out a liquid from a solution
ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro ro
E.g. separating pure water from seawaterro ro ro ro ro
How were elements arranged in the early 1800s? - answersBy their physical and chemical properties and their relative
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atomic mass
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2/15 ro ro
