HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Exam Questions & Correctly Guided Answer
2025
A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a
yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a
large amount of? - Carrots
Which of the following best describes the anatomical position? - Standing upright, facing the
observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms
facing anteriorly
Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular
fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles? - Lactic acid
The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint? - Ball and socket
Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg? - Vastus lateralis
Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system? -
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs,
pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena
cava, right atrium
Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using
the ABCDE method? - Melanoma
Where is the popliteal artery located? - Behind the knee
A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of
____________. - extensive bleeding
Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities? - Ulna
, Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? -
Lysosomes
What is the purpose of gastric mucous? - To protect the stomach lining from acid and
digestive enzymes.
Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? - Heart
rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down
The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions? -
Pelvic
Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal? - Oral cavity
Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the
cell? - Cell membrane
Which of the following glands secrete earwax? - Ceruminous
What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur? - The formation of red blood cells; Red
bone marrow
Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system? -
Urethra
What is the function of endocrine glands? - They secrete hormones directly into the blood.
Which of the following is defined as "a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that
carry out a specific function together?" - Tissues
A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn? - Ligament
What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate? - Water reabsorption from the
urinary filtrate
2025
A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a
yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a
large amount of? - Carrots
Which of the following best describes the anatomical position? - Standing upright, facing the
observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms
facing anteriorly
Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular
fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles? - Lactic acid
The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint? - Ball and socket
Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg? - Vastus lateralis
Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system? -
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs,
pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena
cava, right atrium
Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using
the ABCDE method? - Melanoma
Where is the popliteal artery located? - Behind the knee
A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of
____________. - extensive bleeding
Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities? - Ulna
, Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? -
Lysosomes
What is the purpose of gastric mucous? - To protect the stomach lining from acid and
digestive enzymes.
Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? - Heart
rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down
The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions? -
Pelvic
Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal? - Oral cavity
Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the
cell? - Cell membrane
Which of the following glands secrete earwax? - Ceruminous
What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur? - The formation of red blood cells; Red
bone marrow
Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system? -
Urethra
What is the function of endocrine glands? - They secrete hormones directly into the blood.
Which of the following is defined as "a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that
carry out a specific function together?" - Tissues
A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn? - Ligament
What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate? - Water reabsorption from the
urinary filtrate
