UVA THEOLOGICAL BIOETHICS (RELG 2650) MIDTERM IDS
ACTUAL COMPLETE 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS HIGHLY RATED VERSION
FOR ALREADY A GRADED WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
| 2025/2026 NEW AND REVISED .
ethics of care - ANSWER-:Grows out of natural
capacity for empathy -strong motivation to do the
right thing 4 processes:
1. Moral attention 2. Sympathetic understanding (maternalism)
3. Relationship
Awareness 4. Harmony and Accommodation (watch out for
oppression/ "superficial harmony")
-Is situated in relationships
-principles can provide a moral minimum but one must act
directly on motive to care
-
empathy - ANSWER-care ethics grows out of a natural capacity
for _____
->reflection can strengthen, generalize, and extend _____
->>>
,a complex of emotional responses, conditioned responses, and
reflective judgements and how one ought to respond
compassion - ANSWER-active regard for another's welfare
together with sympathy, tenderness, and discomfort at
another's misfortune (part of virtue ethics)
discernment - ANSWER-sensitive insight, astute judgement,
and understanding brought to bear an action (virtue ethics)
trustworthiness - ANSWER-to warrant another's confidence in
one's character and conduct (virtue ethics)
integrity - ANSWER-soundness, reliability, wholeness, and
integration of moral character combined with objectivity,
impartiality, and fidelity in adherence to moral norms (virtue
ethics)
conscientiousness - ANSWER-motivated to do what is
right...worked with due diligence to determine what is right,
intentions, and appropriate effort (virtue ethics
moral excellence - ANSWER-
,supererogatory acts - ANSWER-acts that go beyond the call of
duty-for utilit. an example of a difficulty is that there is no
differentiation between basic moral minimums and
supererogatory acts
principle of qasd - ANSWER-
Intention -all affairs are judged
by their intention --means do not
justify the end (therefore
immoral methods used to
achieve beneficial medical
purposes are deemed
impermissible)
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims-from
Mustafa)
principle of yaqin - ANSWER-Certainty
-evidence based medicine
-sound medical judgement
-Sub-principle: that certainty is not removed by doubt
-Sub-principle: that all medical procedures are deemed
permissible unless their prohibition os certain (procedures
related to reproductive functions)
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
, principle of darar - ANSWER-Injury
-Injury should be relieved, thus providing justification for
medical intervention -sub-principle: any harms of a therapy
should be minimized; side effects should always be less in
magnitude than the benefits
-"lesser of two evils approach" where the public interest takes
priority over individual interest, and confidentiality can be
superseded by public health concerns
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
principle of darura - ANSWER-Necessity
-that cases of necessity can render an otherwise prohibited
action as permissible
-ex: steralization which is absolutely prohibited in Islam, but
which may become permissible if a potential pregnancy
severely threatens a woman's life
-when necessity finishes it becomes prohibited agian
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
principle of 'urf - ANSWER-Custom
-thus by the custom (provided it does not contradict the
shari'a -customary practice must be the predominant and
widespread practice of medical practitioners in order to be
rendered valid.
ACTUAL COMPLETE 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS HIGHLY RATED VERSION
FOR ALREADY A GRADED WITH EXPERT FEEDBACK
| 2025/2026 NEW AND REVISED .
ethics of care - ANSWER-:Grows out of natural
capacity for empathy -strong motivation to do the
right thing 4 processes:
1. Moral attention 2. Sympathetic understanding (maternalism)
3. Relationship
Awareness 4. Harmony and Accommodation (watch out for
oppression/ "superficial harmony")
-Is situated in relationships
-principles can provide a moral minimum but one must act
directly on motive to care
-
empathy - ANSWER-care ethics grows out of a natural capacity
for _____
->reflection can strengthen, generalize, and extend _____
->>>
,a complex of emotional responses, conditioned responses, and
reflective judgements and how one ought to respond
compassion - ANSWER-active regard for another's welfare
together with sympathy, tenderness, and discomfort at
another's misfortune (part of virtue ethics)
discernment - ANSWER-sensitive insight, astute judgement,
and understanding brought to bear an action (virtue ethics)
trustworthiness - ANSWER-to warrant another's confidence in
one's character and conduct (virtue ethics)
integrity - ANSWER-soundness, reliability, wholeness, and
integration of moral character combined with objectivity,
impartiality, and fidelity in adherence to moral norms (virtue
ethics)
conscientiousness - ANSWER-motivated to do what is
right...worked with due diligence to determine what is right,
intentions, and appropriate effort (virtue ethics
moral excellence - ANSWER-
,supererogatory acts - ANSWER-acts that go beyond the call of
duty-for utilit. an example of a difficulty is that there is no
differentiation between basic moral minimums and
supererogatory acts
principle of qasd - ANSWER-
Intention -all affairs are judged
by their intention --means do not
justify the end (therefore
immoral methods used to
achieve beneficial medical
purposes are deemed
impermissible)
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims-from
Mustafa)
principle of yaqin - ANSWER-Certainty
-evidence based medicine
-sound medical judgement
-Sub-principle: that certainty is not removed by doubt
-Sub-principle: that all medical procedures are deemed
permissible unless their prohibition os certain (procedures
related to reproductive functions)
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
, principle of darar - ANSWER-Injury
-Injury should be relieved, thus providing justification for
medical intervention -sub-principle: any harms of a therapy
should be minimized; side effects should always be less in
magnitude than the benefits
-"lesser of two evils approach" where the public interest takes
priority over individual interest, and confidentiality can be
superseded by public health concerns
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
principle of darura - ANSWER-Necessity
-that cases of necessity can render an otherwise prohibited
action as permissible
-ex: steralization which is absolutely prohibited in Islam, but
which may become permissible if a potential pregnancy
severely threatens a woman's life
-when necessity finishes it becomes prohibited agian
(part of the qawa id fiqhiyya or the 5 Islamic legal maxims)
principle of 'urf - ANSWER-Custom
-thus by the custom (provided it does not contradict the
shari'a -customary practice must be the predominant and
widespread practice of medical practitioners in order to be
rendered valid.
