1
Airmen Leadership School ALS - Test 1 Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already
Graded A+
_______ is a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors and is
shaped by many factors, including history, religion, politics, and resources
(financial, informational, technological, material, energy, warfare, and human.
Ans: Culture
The most powerful or the most widely practiced cultures in a particular
society, whether the society is a region or an entire country.
Ans: Macro-cultures
Also called "subcultures." They are described as a group of people living
within a larger society who share values, beliefs, behaviors, status, or interests
that are different from the macro-culture or the rest of society
Ans: Micro-cultures
All the parts of a culture are interconnected and integrated. Therefore, things
such as change in one area (women's rights, for example) will affect change in
another area (family structure, distribution of income)
Ans: Holism
A cognitive "shortcut" that helps us organize and interpret the vast amount of
information that exists in our environment.
Ans: Schema
When we first enter a new culture, we see only those behaviors and symbols
that are apparent or above the water. Things like a culture's style of dress,
music, games, dance, food, toys, etc. are easily seen when entering a new
culture.
Ans: Iceberg theory of culture
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
Some examples of behaviors, core beliefs, and values that are often "hidden"
under the surface include: Ideals of governing, child raising, concept of justice,
incentives to work, theory of disease, nature of friendship, patterns of group
decision making, definitions of sin, courtship practices, and approaches to
problem solving
Ans: According to the iceberg theory. What is below the surface?
The sum of beliefs and values that people use to define and interpret the
world, and their place within it
Ans: Worldview
The "ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in
a culturally complex environment to achieve the desired effect without
necessarily having prior exposure to a particular group, region, or language.
Ans: Cross-Cultural Competence (3C)
General and Specific Culture
Ans: What two categories does the Air Force break Cross-Cultural
Competence into?
The ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in a
culturally complex
environment to achieve the desired effect without necessarily having prior
exposure to a particular group,
region, or language.
Ans: Culture General
An approach that emphasizes specific aspects of particular cultures, affording
individuals much of the knowledge and/or skills necessary to interact more
competently with individuals of other cultural
backgrounds."
Ans: Culture Specific
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
To develop Airmen who can operate effectively in culturally complex
environments
Ans: What is the purpose of culture-general learning in the Air Force?
Knowledge, motivation (positive attitude), and learning approaches.
Ans: What are the three inter-related enabling factors involved with the 3C
model?
The basis for all cross-cultural learning, including culture-specific, and begins
with an understanding of
basic concepts of a culture (kinship, gender roles, types of exchanges or
communication norms, etc.).
Ans: Culture-general knowledge
The human tendency to negatively judge others (cultures, behaviors, values)
against our own values and
beliefs
Ans: Ethnocentrism
The conviction that the beliefs and practices of others are best understood in
light of the
particular cultures where they are found.
Ans: Relativism (as an attitude)
Temporarily suspending one's own culturally informed opinion and thinking
about how others
might interpret or value a situation.
Ans: Relativism (as a behavior)
• Communicate to avoid misunderstandings;
• Negotiate to overcome differences and resolve conflicts; and
• Relate with individuals from other cultures to work effectively
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Ans: Three specific skills that emerge as key to successful cross-cultural
interactions are:
A cognitive process by which an individual is able to identify the thoughts
and/or feelings of another culture.
Ans: Cultural Perspective Taking
- Needs and values of individuals/groups from another culture - Local norms,
values, beliefs, and behaviors - How people from another culture will respond
to one's own actions/comments - The importance of norms for interaction -
How violating cultural norms can negatively impact interactions - The impact of
positive cross-cultural relations
Ans: Leaders at every level can develop cultural perspective taking by
recognizing
Relativism - (As an attitude)
Relativism - (As a behavior)
Ans: Two concepts help to maintain motivation
A fixed or distorted generalization about all members of a particular group
that share a particular diversity.
Ans: Stereotypes
The creation of an adverse or unreasonable opinion about a person or group
without gathering all the facts and is usually based on deeply held beliefs.
Ans: Prejudice
The visible act or consideration to act in favor of or against a person or thing
based on the group, class, or category to which that person/thing belongs,
rather than on individual merit.
Ans: Discrimination
Observe, Orient, Decide, Act
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
Airmen Leadership School ALS - Test 1 Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already
Graded A+
_______ is a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors and is
shaped by many factors, including history, religion, politics, and resources
(financial, informational, technological, material, energy, warfare, and human.
Ans: Culture
The most powerful or the most widely practiced cultures in a particular
society, whether the society is a region or an entire country.
Ans: Macro-cultures
Also called "subcultures." They are described as a group of people living
within a larger society who share values, beliefs, behaviors, status, or interests
that are different from the macro-culture or the rest of society
Ans: Micro-cultures
All the parts of a culture are interconnected and integrated. Therefore, things
such as change in one area (women's rights, for example) will affect change in
another area (family structure, distribution of income)
Ans: Holism
A cognitive "shortcut" that helps us organize and interpret the vast amount of
information that exists in our environment.
Ans: Schema
When we first enter a new culture, we see only those behaviors and symbols
that are apparent or above the water. Things like a culture's style of dress,
music, games, dance, food, toys, etc. are easily seen when entering a new
culture.
Ans: Iceberg theory of culture
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,2
Some examples of behaviors, core beliefs, and values that are often "hidden"
under the surface include: Ideals of governing, child raising, concept of justice,
incentives to work, theory of disease, nature of friendship, patterns of group
decision making, definitions of sin, courtship practices, and approaches to
problem solving
Ans: According to the iceberg theory. What is below the surface?
The sum of beliefs and values that people use to define and interpret the
world, and their place within it
Ans: Worldview
The "ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in
a culturally complex environment to achieve the desired effect without
necessarily having prior exposure to a particular group, region, or language.
Ans: Cross-Cultural Competence (3C)
General and Specific Culture
Ans: What two categories does the Air Force break Cross-Cultural
Competence into?
The ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in a
culturally complex
environment to achieve the desired effect without necessarily having prior
exposure to a particular group,
region, or language.
Ans: Culture General
An approach that emphasizes specific aspects of particular cultures, affording
individuals much of the knowledge and/or skills necessary to interact more
competently with individuals of other cultural
backgrounds."
Ans: Culture Specific
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
,3
To develop Airmen who can operate effectively in culturally complex
environments
Ans: What is the purpose of culture-general learning in the Air Force?
Knowledge, motivation (positive attitude), and learning approaches.
Ans: What are the three inter-related enabling factors involved with the 3C
model?
The basis for all cross-cultural learning, including culture-specific, and begins
with an understanding of
basic concepts of a culture (kinship, gender roles, types of exchanges or
communication norms, etc.).
Ans: Culture-general knowledge
The human tendency to negatively judge others (cultures, behaviors, values)
against our own values and
beliefs
Ans: Ethnocentrism
The conviction that the beliefs and practices of others are best understood in
light of the
particular cultures where they are found.
Ans: Relativism (as an attitude)
Temporarily suspending one's own culturally informed opinion and thinking
about how others
might interpret or value a situation.
Ans: Relativism (as a behavior)
• Communicate to avoid misunderstandings;
• Negotiate to overcome differences and resolve conflicts; and
• Relate with individuals from other cultures to work effectively
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
, 4
Ans: Three specific skills that emerge as key to successful cross-cultural
interactions are:
A cognitive process by which an individual is able to identify the thoughts
and/or feelings of another culture.
Ans: Cultural Perspective Taking
- Needs and values of individuals/groups from another culture - Local norms,
values, beliefs, and behaviors - How people from another culture will respond
to one's own actions/comments - The importance of norms for interaction -
How violating cultural norms can negatively impact interactions - The impact of
positive cross-cultural relations
Ans: Leaders at every level can develop cultural perspective taking by
recognizing
Relativism - (As an attitude)
Relativism - (As a behavior)
Ans: Two concepts help to maintain motivation
A fixed or distorted generalization about all members of a particular group
that share a particular diversity.
Ans: Stereotypes
The creation of an adverse or unreasonable opinion about a person or group
without gathering all the facts and is usually based on deeply held beliefs.
Ans: Prejudice
The visible act or consideration to act in favor of or against a person or thing
based on the group, class, or category to which that person/thing belongs,
rather than on individual merit.
Ans: Discrimination
Observe, Orient, Decide, Act
Approved By:
vPretest - Stuvia US
